How high is the basketball hoop from the floor. Basketball court markings

For basketball games, a platform is required, along the short edges of which structures with

baskets. The dimensions of the backboard must meet certain requirements. These elements, above all, are made so strong as to ensure the complete safety of the competing athletes.

The standard size of a basketball hoop in diameter is 45 cm. At the same time, this parameter can be increased to a maximum of 45.7 cm. It always has a bright orange color. For the manufacture of the ring, durable metal is used, the diameter of which is at least 16 mm. It should be noted that the maximum size of a basketball hoop in thickness is 20 mm. Among other things, it provides special devices, which are designed to install the mesh. These mounts should not allow the player to injure his fingers, therefore they are made in such a way that they do not have gaps and sharp edges.

Now a few words about how the basketball hoop is suspended. On the stand, which is located no closer than two meters from the front line, a shield is mounted at a right angle. The structure must be installed in such a way that it was impossible to move it. The basket itself is screwed on firmly so that the loads acting on it do not in any way affect the position of the shield. Rings with shock absorbers are also not prohibited, however, provided that the characteristics of the rebound m

the bar, as well as other parameters, do not change compared to the standard version. Moreover, under the condition of the effect of a static load at the extreme point of the basket from the shield, which is in the range from 82 to 105 kilograms, the fastening system and the shock absorber should not be disconnected. In this case, the deviation of the ring downward from the applied forces is allowed by no more than 30 degrees. After the end of their action, it should return to its original position instantly.

The height of the basketball hoop is 3.05 meters from the level of the court. Distance from him to front side the shield is 15 cm. The nets that are used to equip baskets have twelve fastening loops. Their length should be in the range from 40 to 45 cm. The upper part of them is made so as not to allow tangling, throwing onto the basket, as well as the ball getting stuck or returning it in the opposite direction.

Not only the size of the basketball hoop, but also the parameters of the backboard play an important role. It should be 1.8 meters wide and 1.05 meters high. Its lower part is located from the platform at a height of 2.9 m. Tempered glass most often acts as a material for making a shield. Its hardness should correspond to the degree of hardness of wood, which has a thickness of 3 cm. The edges of the front side are marked with lines 5 cm wide. The structures on which the shields are hung are upholstered with soft materials.

In conclusion, it should be noted that the ring fastening system compensates for almost half of the energy that acts on it. As for the possible deviations of the parameters listed above, according to the official rules, the difference between two baskets of the same playing court should not exceed 5 percent.

GOST R 56434-2015

NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

Equipment for sports games

BASKETBALL EQUIPMENT

Functional requirements, safety requirements and test methods

Equipment for sports games. Basketball equipment. Functional requirements, safety requirements and test methods

OKS 97.220.30

Introduction date 2016-07-01

Foreword

1 DEVELOPED by the Self-Regulatory Organization Non-Profit Partnership "Industry Association of National Manufacturers in the physical culture and sports "Promsport" (SRO "Promsport")

2 INTRODUCED by the Technical Committee for Standardization TC 444 "Sports and tourism products, equipment, inventory, physical training and sports services"

3 APPROVED AND PUT INTO EFFECT by the Order of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology of June 15, 2015 N 652-st

4 This standard has been developed taking into account the main provisions of the European regional standard EN 1270: 2005 * "Equipment for sports games. Basketball equipment. Functional requirements, safety requirements and test methods" (EN 1270: 2005 "Playing field equipment - Basketball equipment - Functional and safety requirements, test methods ", NEQ)
________________
* Access to international and foreign documents can be obtained by following the link to the site http://shop.cntd.ru. - Note from the manufacturer of the database.

5 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME


The rules for the application of this standard are set out inGOST R 1.0-2012 (section 8). Information on changes to this standard is published in the annual (as of January 1 of the current year) information index "National Standards", and the official text of changes and amendments is published in the monthly information index "National Standards". In case of revision (replacement) or cancellation of this standard, the corresponding notice will be published in the next issue of the monthly information index "National Standards". Relevant information, notice and texts are also posted in the public information system - on the official website of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology on the Internet (www.gost.ru)

1 area of \u200b\u200buse

1 area of \u200b\u200buse

This standard applies to basketball equipment. grades A-E... The standard specifies functional requirements, safety requirements and test methods for basketball equipment.

This standard does not apply to basketball equipment for home use and basketball training equipment for practicing ball throwing.

Note 1 to entry: Basketball training equipment for practicing ball throwing is used for training in throwing. basketball ball In garbage.

2 Normative references

This standard uses normative references to the following standards:

GOST 380-2005 Carbon steel of ordinary quality. Stamps

GOST 25552-82 Twisted and wicker products. Test methods

Note - When using this standard, it is advisable to check the validity of the reference standards in the public information system - on the official website of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology on the Internet or according to the annual information index "National Standards", which was published as of January 1 of the current year, and by the releases of the monthly information index "National Standards" for the current year. If the referenced standard to which the dated reference is given has been replaced, it is recommended that the current version of that standard be used, subject to any changes made to that version. If the referenced standard to which the dated reference is given is replaced, then it is recommended to use the version of that standard with the above year of approval (acceptance). If, after the approval of this standard, a change is made to the referenced standard to which the dated reference is given, affecting the provision to which the reference is made, then that provision is recommended to be applied without taking into account that change. If the reference standard is canceled without replacement, then the provision in which the reference to it is given is recommended to be applied in the part that does not affect this reference.

3 Requirements

3.1 Functional requirements

3.1.1 Classification of basketball equipment

Basketball equipment is classified by type and class.

3.1.1.1 The classification of basketball equipment by type is given in Table 1.


Table 1 - Classification of basketball equipment by type

3.1.1.2 The classification of basketball equipment by classes is given in table 2.


Table 2 - Classification of basketball equipment by classes

An example of free space under the shield is shown in Figure 1.

The width of the free space under the shield

Figure 1 - Example of free space under the shield

3.1.2 Materials and construction

3.1.2.1 A complete set of basketball equipment must consist of the following parts:

basketball backboard - 1 piece;

ring - 1 pc.;

mesh - 1 pc.;

load-bearing truss;

device to ensure stability.

3.1.2.2 The height of the basket installation for basketball equipment of classes A-D is shown in Figure 2 and Table 3.

Figure 2 - Installation height of the basket for basketball equipment of classes A-D

Table 3 - Installation height of the basket for basketball equipment of classes A-D

3.1.2.3 The dimensions and markings of the basketball backboard are shown in Figure 3 and Table 4.

Note - The top of the ring is at the level of the upper edge line of the small square.

Figure 3 - Dimensions and markings of a basketball backboard

Table 4 - Dimensions and markings of a basketball backboard

3.1.2.4 The plate for fastening the rings of basketball equipment of classes A, B and C is shown in Figure 4.

NOTE Requirements for fastening rings of basketball equipment of classes D and E are not specified.

Figure 4 - Plate for fastening rings of basketball equipment of classes A, B and C

Holes should not be used when attaching the basketball backboard. Any other way of fastening the basketball backboard is allowed if the safety requirements are met.

3.1.2.5 The dimensions of the basketball hoop are shown in Figure 5.

1 - ring fastening plate

Figure 5 - Dimensions of a basketball hoop

3.1.2.6 Basketball backboard made from the following materials:

- wood;

- synthetic or mixed material;

- transparent synthetic material;

- safety glass;

- metal.

3.1.2.7 The hoop and basketball backboard must be painted in contrasting colors. Recommended basketball backboard colors for Class A basketball equipment are shown in Table 5.


Table 5 - Recommended basketball backboard colors for class A basketball equipment

3.1.2.8 The front side of the basketball backboard facing the playing field must be smooth.

3.1.2.9 Basketball ring for classes A and B equipment

Rings must be made of ordinary quality carbon steel of grades not lower than St2sp, St2ps, St3ps, St3sp in accordance with GOST 380.

The color of the ring should be orange.

On the underside of the ring, evenly spaced 12 elements must be welded to secure the mesh.

3.1.2.10 Net for basketball equipment of classes A-D

The threads for weaving the nets from which the mesh is made can be synthetic or natural.

The mesh should be white.

The mesh must be made of threads for weaving networks with a breaking load of at least 1700 N in accordance with GOST 25552.

Threads for weaving nets must have a diameter of at least 4.5 mm.

When the net is secured to the ring, it should hang vertically from the net hooks. The length of the net in this position is 400 mm.

The net must be made in such a way that when the ball is thrown in with a diameter of 749-780 mm, it experiences resistance when passing the net, but does not get stuck. The passage of the ball through the net must be clearly visible.

3.1.2.11 Truss for basketball equipment of classes A-D

For basketball equipment, the design of which allows the height adjustment of the basketball backboard with a basket and a net, it is necessary to install the locking devices at a height:

- 3050 mm - for playing basketball;

- 2600 mm - for playing mini basketball.

After adjusting the height, the horizontal dimensions from the basketball backboard to playing field shouldn't change.

3.2 Safety requirements

3.2.1 All corners and edges located in the free space of the playing field zone at a height of up to 2900 mm and not protected by upholstery must have a radius of curvature of at least 3 mm or be made with a bevel.

The corners of the basketball backboard must be chamfered or protected with padding.

3.2.2 Ring

3.2.2.1 The hoop must be fixed to the truss in such a way that the force transmitted from the hoop does not act directly on the basketball backboard (see Appendix A).

3.2.2.2 The hoop plate must be designed so that it does not protrude beyond the bottom edge of the basketball backboard.

3.2.2.3 Rings with shock absorbers must meet the following requirements:

- there should be no gaps between the bracket and the ring, in which the player's fingers can get stuck;

- the amortization mechanism should be triggered only when a static load of 1050 N is applied to the upper side of the ring at the point farthest from the basketball backboard in accordance with B.1 of Appendix B;

- when the damping mechanism is triggered, gaps of more than 8 mm should not appear between the casing of the damping mechanism and the device for its fastening in accordance with B.1 of Appendix B;

- when the amortization mechanism is triggered, the ring should not deviate downward from the initial horizontal position by an angle of more than 30 ° in accordance with B.1 of Appendix B;

- the value of residual deformation when testing a ring with a shock absorber in accordance with B.2 of Appendix B should be no more than 10 mm.

3.2.2.4. The magnitude of the permanent deformation of a rigidly fixed ring when tested in accordance with Annex B shall not exceed 10 mm.

3.2.3 Fixing the net

3.2.3.1 The attachment of the net to the ring must be done in such a way that the player's finger cannot get stuck. The gaps should not be more than 8 mm. An example of hooks for attaching a net is shown in Figure 6.

Figure 6 - Example of hooks for attaching a net

3.2.4 Height adjustment and storage device

3.2.4.1 A basketball backboard height adjustment and storage device must be designed to prevent unintentional changes in the adjustment during use.

3.2.4.2 A person who makes adjustments using such a device must be able to observe both the adjustment mechanism and the basketball backboard during the adjustment process.

3.2.5 Upholstery

3.2.5.1 The upholstery of basketball backboards for basketball equipment of classes A and B must be made in the following way:

- the padding must cover the bottom edge and sides of the basketball backboard at a distance of up to 350 mm from the bottom edge and side edges;

- the front and back sides must be covered with upholstery at a distance of at least 20 mm from the bottom edge (see Figure 7).

3.2.5.2 Requirements for the availability of upholstery on elements of basketball equipment of classes A and B are given in Table 6.


Table 6 - Availability of upholstery on elements of basketball equipment of classes A and B

3.2.5.3 The upholstery of the struts should be made as follows (see Figure 7):

- each post of a basketball backboard, located within 1200 mm behind the playing side of the backboard, must have padding at a distance of at least 2750 mm from the floor;

- for basketball equipment of type 1, the side of the truss that faces the free space in the area of \u200b\u200bthe playing field must be padded at a distance of 2150 mm from the surface of the playing field.

NOTE For Class A basketball equipment, padding should be provided on those sides of the struts that, although in the free space, are close enough to pose a potential hazard. AND

Figure 7 - Upholstery of basketball backboards and racks

3.2.6 Free space under the backboard

The free space under the backboard must be free of obstacles.

3.2.7 Strength

3.2.7.1 When testing the strength of a basketball backboard according to Appendix D after removing a concentrated horizontal load, the value of the residual horizontal deviation from the zero position should be no more than 10 mm.

3.2.7.2 When testing the strength of a basketball hoop intended for use in the hall, according to Appendix D, after removing the concentrated horizontal load, the value of the residual horizontal deviation from the zero position should be no more than 10 mm.

3.2.7.3 When testing the strength of a basketball hoop intended for use in the open air, according to Appendix D, after removing the concentrated horizontal load, the value of the residual horizontal deviation from the zero position should be no more than 10 mm.

3.2.8 Stability

When testing for stability according to Appendix D, after removing the concentrated vertical load, the value of the residual vertical deviation from the zero position should be no more than 10 mm.

4 Test methods

4.1 Requirements in accordance with clause 3 are checked visually, organoleptically or by instrumental methods.

4.2 Visual inspection of the ring - in accordance with Appendix A.

4.3 Tests of the ring with a shock absorber - in accordance with Appendix B.

4.4 Tests of a rigidly fixed ring - in accordance with annex B.

4.5 Strength tests - according to Appendix D.

4.6 Stability tests - according to Appendix D.

4.7 Based on the test results, a report or protocol is drawn up.

5 Assembly, installation and maintenance instructions

The manufacturer, together with the basketball equipment, must provide instructions for assembly, installation, adjustment and maintenance.

6 Information plate

The equipment must be affixed with a plate with one of the following inscriptions:

"Basketball equipment is designed solely for its intended use."

"Don't hang on the net of a basketball hoop!"

NOTE Suitable graphics may be used instead of the text plate.

7 Equipment markings

The equipment must be marked as follows:

- designation of this standard;

- name or trade mark of the manufacturer;

- information plate in accordance with section 6.

Appendix A (mandatory). Visual inspection of the ring

Appendix A
(required)

A.1 The essence of the method

A.1.1 By visual inspection of the hoop, it is determined whether the force transmitted from the hoop acts directly on the basketball backboard.

A.1.2 As a result of the inspection, it must be established that the ring is fixed to the truss in such a way that the force transmitted from the ring does not act directly on the basketball backboard.

Appendix B (mandatory). Testing a ring with a shock absorber

Appendix B
(required)

B.1 Test with one load

B.1.1 The essence of the method

During the test, apply a static load of (1500 ± 50) N to the front edge of the ring for (5 ± 1) s.

In the loaded state, the rings are recorded:

the presence of gaps between the body of the shock absorber and the device for attaching the ring more than 8 mm;

deflection of the ring at an angle of more than 30 °.

After removing the load, check the return of the ring to its original position.

B.1.2 Apparatus

The loading device should provide a concentrated vertical load of (1500 ± 50) N for (5 ± 1) s.

The load application diagram is shown in Figure B.1.

Figure B.1 - Scheme of load application when testing a ring with a shock absorber with one load

B.1.3 Procedure

B.1.3.1 Apply a static load of (1500 ± 50) N to the front edge of the ring for (5 ± 1) s.

B.1.3.2 In the loaded state, the rings are recorded:

- the presence of gaps between the body of the shock absorber and the device for attaching the ring more than 8 mm;

- deflection of the ring at an angle of more than 30 °.

B.1.3.3 After removing the load, record the return of the ring to its original position.

B.2.1 The essence of the method

During the test, apply a static load of (1500 ± 50) N to the front edge of the ring.

In the loaded state of the ring (after deflection), apply an additional load of (2400 ± 50) N for (60 ± 1) s.

B.2.2 Apparatus

The loading device should provide a concentrated vertical load of (1050 ± 50) N, and then, after deflection of the ring, a concentrated vertical load of (2400 ± 50) N for (60 ± 1) s to the front edge of the ring.

The load application diagram is shown in Figure B.2.

Figure B.2 - Scheme of load application when testing a ring with a shock absorber with two loads

B.2.3 Procedure

B.2.3.1 When testing a ring with a shock absorber, apply a static load of (1050 ± 50) N to the front edge of the ring. In the loaded state of the ring (after deflection), apply an additional load of (2400 ± 50) N for (60 ± 1) s.

B.2.3.2 After removing the load, record the residual deformation of more than 10 mm, as well as the presence of damage, incl. cracks, breakages, loosening of connections and ties.

Appendix B (mandatory). Rigid Ring Tests

Appendix B
(required)

B.1 The essence of the method

When testing a rigidly fixed ring, apply a static load of (2400 ± 50) N to the front edge of the ring for (60 ± 1) s.

After removing the load, a permanent deformation of more than 10 mm is recorded, as well as the presence of damage, incl. cracks, breakages, loosening of connections and ties.

B.2 Apparatus

The loading device should provide a concentrated vertical load of (2400 ± 50) N for (60 ± 1) s applied to the front edge of the ring. The load application diagram is shown in Figure B.1.

Figure B.1 - Scheme of applying a load to a rigidly fixed ring

B.3 Procedure

B.3.1 Apply a static load of (2400 ± 50) N for (60 ± 1) s.

B.3.2 After removing the load, record the permanent deformation of more than 10 mm, as well as the presence of damage, incl. cracks, breakages, loosening of connections and ties.

Appendix D (mandatory). Basketball Equipment Durability Testing

Appendix D
(required)

D.1 The essence of the method

During tests, depending on the type of basketball equipment, a concentrated horizontal load is applied (see table D.1):








Table D.1 - Applied loads depending on the type of basketball equipment

After removing the load, inspect the shield and basket and record all residual deformations.

D.2 Apparatus

The loading device must provide:

- concentrated horizontal load of (900 ± 20) N applied to the shield for (60 ± 5) s;

- concentrated horizontal load of (900 ± 20) N applied to the basket for (60 ± 5) s for equipment installed in the halls;

- concentrated horizontal load of (100 ± 20) N applied to the basket for (60 ± 5) s for equipment installed outdoors.

The load application diagram is shown in Figure D.1.

Figure D.1 - Scheme of load application during strength testing of basketball equipment

D.3 Procedure

D.3.1 During tests, depending on the type of basketball equipment, a concentrated horizontal load is applied (see Table E.1):

- value (900 ± 20) N during (60 ± 5) s - to the shield;

- value (900 ± 20) N during (60 ± 5) s - to the basket of equipment installed in the halls;

- value (1000 ± 20) N during (60 ± 5) s - to a basket of equipment installed outdoors.

D.3.2 After removing the load, inspect the shield and basket and record all residual deformations.

The equipment must not be damaged, incl. cracks, breakages, excessive permanent deformations, loosening of joints and bonds.

Appendix D (mandatory). Stability tests

Appendix D
(required)

E.1 The essence of the method

When testing for resistance to the middle of the backboard of basketball equipment of all types, a concentrated vertical load of (3200 ± 50) N is applied for (60 ± 5) s.

During the test, all permanent deformations are recorded.

E.2 Apparatus

The loading device should provide a concentrated vertical load of (3200 ± 50) N applied to the middle of the shield for (60 ± 5) s.

The load application diagram is shown in Figure E.1.

Figure E.1 - Scheme of load application during stability tests

E.3 Procedure

E.3.1 A concentrated vertical load of (3200 ± 50) N is applied to the middle of the backboard of all types of basketball equipment for (60 ± 5) s.

E.3.2 After removing the load, inspect the shield and basket and record all residual deformations.

After the tests, there should be no damage to the structure, incl. cracks, breakages, excessive permanent deformations, loosening of joints and bonds.

Electronic text of the document
prepared by JSC "Kodeks" and verified by:
official publication
M .: Standartinform, 2015

Professional basketball backboards are made of thick shatterproof glass tempered in a special way. Due to the high cost of such material, shields from it are not very cheap. For home workouts, it is not necessary to purchase expensive equipment - if you wish, you can make a fairly durable shield for the ring yourself. Therefore, we have prepared for you detailed instructions for making a basketball backboard with your own hands.

Required materials and tools

To prevent the shield from falling apart after several hits of the ball, for its manufacture you need to use durable wood materials (multilayer plywood, MDF or fiberboard) or high-quality thick plexiglass.

What else is needed:

• electric jigsaw;
• tape measure, square, long ruler and marker;
• bolts or self-tapping screws and metal brackets for attaching the shield to the support;
• narrow and wide flanged brush;
• waterproof paint in red and white;
• sandpaper;
• drill with a bit attachment.

Sawing out the workpiece

Before making a basketball backboard, decide on its size. The standard dimensions of a professional backboard are 1800 x 1050 mm, but for home workouts, a 1000 x 800 mm design is enough. In accordance with the parameters, draw a rectangle on a sheet of plywood (plexiglass or MDF board).

Lay the sheet on the workbench and, moving the jigsaw file strictly along the outlined contours, cut out the base of the future shield from the plywood. Sand the edges of the workpiece with sandpaper.

Painting and marking

1. Paint the shield with white waterproof paint in 2-3 coats on both sides.
2. With a pencil, mark on the front surface of the structure the outlines of a rectangle above the ring, which serves as a guide when making throws. To do this, at a distance of 15 cm from the bottom edge, draw a line parallel to it, find its middle and set aside segments 29.5 cm long from it on both sides. The ends of the segments will be the lower corners of the target rectangle. Parallel to the side edges of the shield, measure from the bottom corners upwards by 45 cm. The points obtained will be the top corners of the rectangle.
3. Connect them in series and draw pencil lines with red waterproof paint. Apply paint with a 5 cm flanged brush so that the markings enclose the outer sides of the rectangle frame.
4. In the same way, circle the outer edges of the shield with red paint.

Installing Mounts

When the paint is dry, attach the pre-made basket to the backboard with powerful screws or bolts, and install suitable steel brackets on the back of the structure.

Together with an assistant, place the shield on the support and securely fix its position. Remember that the bottom line of the backboard should be 2.9 meters from the ground, and the ring 3.05 meters from the ground and 0.15 meters from the bottom edge of the backboard.

Read how to make a basketball hoop with your own hands.

Basketball hoop shall have the following design: the minimum inner diameter is 45 cm, and the maximum 45.7 cm. The hoop is painted in a bright orange color.

The ring is made of strong metal with a diameter of at least 16 mm, the maximum diameter of the bar can be no more than 20 mm. On the bottom of the ring, there should be a mesh setting device that prevents injury to the fingers.

The net fixing device must be safe, free from sharp edges and crevices, so that the players' fingers cannot get into them.

The ring is attached to the structure of the shield in such a way that no forces applied to the ring are in any way transferred directly to the shield. Therefore, there should be no direct contact between the ring, the device that secures the ring to the shield, and the shield itself. However, the gap must be such that fingers cannot get there.

The upper plane of the ring is located in the horizontal plane at a height of 3.05 m from the level of the playing court, at an equal distance from the vertical edges of the backboard, and the nearest point of the inner part of the ring must be at a distance of 15 cm from the front surface of the backboard.

The fastening systems of any ring must compensate for 35-50% of the energy that is applied to the ring. The difference between the rings installed on the same site, according to this parameter, should not exceed 5%.

Installation of rings with a shock absorber is allowed. At the same time, they must meet the following requirements - the characteristics of the ball's rebound must be similar to the characteristics of the ring without a shock absorber. The shock absorber must fully provide such a characteristic and at the same time protect the ring and shield.

The design of the ring and its attachment system must ensure the safety of the players. For rings with a "locking system", the shock absorber should not separate the fastening system from the ring under a static load in the range of 82-105 kg, which can be applied to the top edge of the ring at the farthest point from the backboard. The ring should not deflect downward more than 30 degrees from the initial position when the mechanism is triggered due to the loads applied to it. The ring should instantly return to its original position as soon as the impact on it has ceased.

The nets for rings are made in compliance with the following parameters: the net must have 12 loops for fastening. The net must be at least 40 cm long and no more than 45 cm long. Top part the net should be such as to avoid possible throwing onto the hoop, possible entanglement, throwing the ball out of the basket, or getting the ball stuck in the net. For their manufacture, only a rigid white cord is used.

Although basketball is a popular game, there is not always access to a real playground. But this is not necessary if you just want to throw the ball into the basket. Now there is an opportunity to purchase ready-made equipment even for placement in an apartment or office. The size of a basketball hoop, although it has standard values, is only for official competitions. In everyday life, everyone can choose the size of the basket and the ball at will.

Basketball history

Experts believe that this is almost the only game that is known for certain, who invented it and when. It happened in 1891 in Springfield, USA. Dr. D. Naismith, professor training center at the Christian Association of Youth, decided to come up with an active team ball game for winter activities in the replacement room american football... According to another version, he wanted to revive gymnastics in this way.

One way or another, they were offered the rules according to which the players of the two teams had to throw the ball into baskets suspended at a height. Each team had its own zone and basket. In the hall, D. Naismith simply hung them on the balconies. The players had to hit the opponent's basket with the ball and protect theirs from their hits. Whoever hit the target more than once in the allotted time won. There were rules for dribbling, and penalties for breaking the rules were stipulated. In those days, the size of a basketball hoop was not strictly regulated. For these purposes, fruit picking baskets were used. And then the balls were far from perfect shape... In order not to get them every time, the bottom of the baskets was taken out.

Game development

The trial competition showed that the rules needed to be changed. Spectators on the balconies, where the baskets hung, prevented the ball from getting inside. So shields appeared. Initially, they served as protection from the fans, but already the first games showed that it was even more interesting this way. The ball could get into the ring after a successful rebound from the backboard. This added spice to the game and made it possible for teams to change tactics.

The size and height of a basketball hoop have not changed significantly over time. In 1893, wicker fruit baskets were no longer used in tournaments. To replace them, rings made of a metal rod were invented. A net was attached to it so that there was no dispute about a successful hit. With her it was better to see when the ball hit the target. In 1894, uniform rules for playing basketball were proposed. I liked the game and quickly spread to Japan and China, South America and Europe. Basketball first appeared in Russia in 1906. In the twenties of the last century, it began to be introduced as a discipline in military and sports educational institutions.

Professionals and amateurs

For an athlete with a career in play, it matters what size basketball hoop is used in training. The skills of determining the position for the throw, its strength, trajectory have been practiced over the years. In the United States, where amateur basketball quickly became pro, good players have become highly regarded. The cost of individual contracts reached one dollar per minute of the game. In those days, they were very good earnings... They encouraged the players to practice a lot to show good ball possession on the court and high performance in shooting on the basket.

The difference in the level of professional basketball players in the United States and other countries, where the game is not so popular, was felt. For a long time Olympic Committee prohibited NBA players from participating in their tournaments. And when this restriction was lifted, the US team confidently defeated the best team from Croatia at that time. However, the professionals still embarrassed themselves, because they were so confident in their advantage that they promised to win with a gap of 50 points. The one final match The Olympic Games ended with a score of 117: 85. The victory of the professionals was obvious, but the “amateurs” gave a serious rebuff and managed to lose only 32 points.

Basketball hoop: dimensions, diameter

Back in 1893, when well-thought-out rules of the game were proposed, it was decided to standardize the inventory according to uniform norms. Then the rings began to be made of metal, equipped with a mesh, securely and safely fastened to the shield and supporting structures at a certain height from the site. What are these standards?

To date, the playground should have dimensions of 28 × 15 m. The height of the enclosed space (ceiling) is at least 7 meters. The shield (bottom edge) is fixed at a height of 290 cm from the floor. It has dimensions of 180x105 cm. The basket (metal ring with a net) is attached to the shield at a height of 305 cm (respectively, 15 cm higher than the lower edge of the shield). The diameter of the ring should be in the range of 45-45.7 cm. For its manufacture, a steel rod 16-20 mm in diameter is used.

The ball for the game differs in circumference and weight and is, respectively: for men - 74.9-78 cm, 567-650 g, and for women - 72.4-73.7 cm, 510-567 g. FIBA \u200b\u200bcontrols and approves the game equipment and inventory. Balls for official competitions are made of leather. The air pressure should ensure that the ball rebounds to a height of 1.2-1.4 m after falling from a height of 1.8 m.

Grid

Any sports equipment must be safe in terms of injury. The adjusted size of the basketball hoop also provides for the use of a standard sized net and a valid configuration with it. It should be fastened in such a way as to minimize the possibility of pinching the fingers during the game.

The standard length of the net is 40-45 cm. 12 loops are offered for attaching to the metal bar of the basket. For the manufacture of the mesh, a white cord of a certain rigidity is used. The configuration of the weave does not allow for the possibility of throwing its edges during ringing or entanglement. The ball cannot get stuck and at the same time must pass with some delay, making it possible to capture the moment it enters the basket.

Design features

It is not enough to use only the standard size of a basketball hoop for training. The height of its placement above the ground is equally important. The dimensions of the board and the applied boundary lines (5 cm - width) of the marking of the quadrangle (45 cm by 59 cm) behind the basket also matter. The shield material is often polycarbonate or tempered glass. Its surface should be smooth and even.

The shield is rigidly attached to the bearing base, with a plane perpendicular to the floor. The structure must not move during the game with throws and contacts. The lower edge and ends of the shield plane to a height of 35 cm, as well as all supporting structures, are upholstered with soft material that excludes injury. IN gyms for general purposes, mobile racks with a basket are now increasingly used. They can be quickly installed and removed if necessary. In basketball halls, the backboards are attached to the ceiling or walls. They can also be suspended from special guy lines.

The basket can be fixed rigidly or using a shock absorber. In this case, the plane of the ring should not bend by more than 30 degrees and immediately return to its original position. Regardless of the method of attachment, the structure should absorb 35-50% of the load from the player's weight upon contact.

DIY basketball hoop: dimensions

Playgrounds for training athletes and competitions are equipped by appropriate organizations in accordance with existing standards. To be able to practice at home, you can purchase a separate board with a basket and hang it in a suitable place or install a ready-made and fully equipped rack. But you can do everything yourself.

If there are plans to further engage in this sport, then when making a backboard, it is advisable to withstand the standard size of a basketball hoop. It will be problematic to bend and weld a steel bar with a diameter of 16 mm without the right equipment and locksmith skills. But you can adapt the old aluminum hoop for rotation for these purposes. It is cut, bent to the desired diameter and secured with an outer insert.

The shield can be cut from a piece of chipboard, fiberboard of a suitable size or knocked down from boards. It is best to attach the basket to it on the bracket. You can pick it up at a hardware store. It is worth thinking about additional spacers on the sides of the ring, since fastening at one point is not enough and upon contact with the ball the basket will inevitably sag more and more.

You can weave a net using 24 pieces of rope. Their length is chosen 2-2.5 times longer than the diameter of the ring. The edges are knitted to the hoop through equal lengths. Then the ropes are tied in pairs in the middle. In the next step, the process is repeated with free edges. And so again. The result is a tapered mesh. The equipment, of course, will be far from standards and perfection, but for training at home with the ball it should be enough.