Recommendations for physical culture. Recommendations for physical culture for parents Consultation on physical education on physical culture guidelines

Melnichuk Yu.V.,

head of the Department of Physical Culture and Sports Mask of the Donetsk IPPO

One of the progressive problems of progressive humanity is to form a harmonious personality, which has a high level of development of spiritual, intellectual and physical abilities. This problem is particularly relevant in the context of modern trends in society. Of the many important tasks, the health of students and young people is put forward to the first place. The growth factor of the younger generation is largely limited by the content and quality of the organization of the process of physical education in a school-oriented school, which puts modern civil society in front of him.

In accordance with state educational standards, the Industry "Physical Culture and Health" is represented by the subjects: "Physical Culture", "Propular and Health Training", "Basics of Life Safety".

Thing"Physical Culture" solves the problem of formationhealthwhich includes physical, spiritual and social well-being.

The purpose of the subject "Physical Culture" in the general education organization is to improve health, promoting harmonious physical, moral and social development, successful training, the formation of self-regulation of physical culture by means of physical culture, as well as the formation of a plant for preserving and promoting health, healthy and safe skillsimage Life.

To achieve a goal in the teaching processimplemented The following tasks:

Wellness:

prevention of diseases, stressful states by means of physical culture;

the formation of the body's ability to adapt to the environment;

facilitating the health improvement of students, the formation of proper posture, prevention of flatfoot, myopia and other diseases;

increase mentalperformance;

mastering the skills of forming a healthy lifestyle.

Educational:

mastering physical cultural knowledge necessary for organized and independent activities;

development of the spiritual values \u200b\u200bof Olympism and the Olympic Movement (Olympic Education);

learning vital motor skills and skills;

formation of culture of movements, enrichment of motor experience with physical exercises with overall and wellness orientation, technical actions and techniques of basic sports.

Educational:

formation of patriotic self-consciousness;

upbringing positive traits, such as disciplined behavior, friendly attitude to comrades, collectivism, mutual execution, honesty, responsiveness, courage, perseverance in achieving the goal;

forming a careful attitude to their own health and health surrounding as values;

implementation of the principle of the harmonious combination of moral, physical and intellectual qualities of the individual;

formation of motivational plants for physical and spiritual self-improvement;

prevention of asocial behavior by means of physical culture.

Developing:

development of conditioned and coordination qualities;

development of creative abilities;

development of worldview;

development Thinking abilities, through the integration processes of education.

Applied:

learning skills and skills of cooperation with peers in the process of physical education and sports activities;

mastering knowledge, skills and skills required To ensure security during independent games and physical education.

All taskssubject are equivalent.

In the new student 2015/2016 in accordance with the new Republican state educational standards, typical curricula, the subject "Physical Culture" refers to the invariant part and on its study in grades 1-11 is allocated to 3 hours a week, in the specialized classes of sports direction - 5 hours a week. The lesson in physical culture should not exceed 45 minutes. With a modular learning system, the lesson of physical culture is planned to schedule 45 minutes with labor learning lessons, foreign language, music, visual art, etc.

In accordance with the type curricula, the clock provided for the study of the subject "Physical Culture" is not taken into account when determining the maximum permissible learning load on the student, but are necessarily funded.

According to the Law of the Donetsk People's Republic "On Physical Culture and Sport" Article 76,pedagogical activities in the field of physical culture and sports have the right to carry out persons having a secondary special or higher education in the field of physical culture and sports, And also admitted to such activities in the manner established by the republican authority of the executive authority in the field of physical culture and sports of the Donetsk People's Republic. "

To solve the problem of lack of sports halls in general education organizations, we recommend organizing adapted facilities for physical culture (gymnastics hall, aerobics, gym, etc.)

Optimize the learning process on the subject, you can also organize classes in such a way that the classes of one parallel are in the gym. This will make it possible to prevent injuries in the lesson, as well as use the competitive method to achieve positive results in the study of the subject.

The modern lesson of physical culture includes individual and differentiated approaches in determining the load and selection of funds, forms and methods of training. Special attention Require students of a special medical group. The main goal for students of a special medical group through the means of physical culture to increase the vital activity of organs and systems, to achieve an individual-sustainable improvement in well-being. For this, students must perform available exercises according to their nosologies and correctional-developing complexes.

The distribution of students to the main, preparatory and special group to participate in physical education and sports and mass events is carried out by the doctor, taking into account their health status (or on the basis of information about their health). The acquisition of special medical groups before the new school year should be carried out.until June 1 Taking into account the age, the indicators of physical fitness, the functional state and the degree of pathological process according to the medical examination, conducted in April-May of the current year. Lists of children indicating the diagnosis of the medical group are transferred to the director of the school and teachers of physical culture. Directoruntil September 10 The current year should issue a special medical group by order at school.Students who have not passed medical examination, physical culture not allowed to physical exercise. Classes with a special medical group in general education institutions are conducted by a physical culture teacher, or in the office of the LFC local polyclinic. To do this, there is a diary of visiting classes, which is controlled by a physical culture teacher, a class leader and parents. Lists of students who are attributed to different medical groups are approved by ordergeneral education organization. The medical group for the physical culture of each studying is made in the "Health Sheet" of the Class Magazine. The second copy of the Health Sheet, indicating the nature of the disease, should be transferred to the physical culture teacher.

To implement new educational standards, a new program for "Physical Culture" has been prepared by the creative group for grades 1-11.

The Physical Culture Program includes such sections:

"Basics of knowledge of physical culture" (information component);

"Motor Methods (Sports, Monitoring physical development) Basic and variable part "(activity component) .

Knowledge of physical culture is studied directly on practical classes, in the course of performing exercises, tactical and technical actions or separately no more than 2 hours in each topic. At the end of each quarter, a separate assessment on theoretical assessment is required before the fourth assessment.preparation The section "Basics of knowledge of physical culture" and theoretical material covered topics.

Evaluation of knowledge in grades 5-11 is recorded in the journal in a separate column "OZ". Knowledge control can be performed orally or writing.

Knowledge of the "Physical Culture and Health" industry enable students to safely engage in physical culture and sports, as well as lead a healthy lifestyle. Theoretical knowledge is in demand in the student Olympiad in physical culture and various contests.

When studying the section "Basics of Knowledge of Physical Culture", we recommend using a notebook in the lessons. In notebooks can be reflected a schoolboy's health diary, which he behaves independently. To form knowledge of students, modern pedagogical technologies become relevant as: toomphone( informational)learning technologiestechnologyproject learning, training technologies. We draw your attention to the need to use textbooks, in physical culture thatrepresented In the list of recommended literature, electronic versions are on the Internet resources.

Activity component Includes the themes of the basic and variable part.

The basic part in all classes includes the topic "Monitoring of physical development" (IFR) and themes on the study of basic sports.

The variable part consists of variable sports disciplines and takes into account the local conditions, interests and desires of children, the material and technical base of the educational institution. The variable part selects a physical culture teacher, taking into account the foregoing.

The topic of "monitoring of physical development" makes it possible to track the functional state and the level of physical health of students and includes 6 functional samples (indexes): "Trouble Rufier", "sample rod", "index of Ketle", "Robinson Index", "Zapovalna Index "," Romberg's sample ", which characterize the levels of the functionality of the body systems. Functional samples are carried out in September, April-May month to identify the condition of the body, as well as determining the dynamics of the development of functional systems. All functional samples must be carried out from a quiet position before exercising exercise. Optimally organize the diagnostic samples of the first three lessons by distributing children on pairs. The first lesson to devote to familiarization with the requirements of "Physical Culture" and conduct 2 samples: "sample bar" and "Romberg's test". In the second lesson, there are 2 samples: "Trouble Rufier" to calculate the "Ketle index" the third lesson to devote the "Robinson Index" samples, "Zapovalova index". To attract parents to the formation of knowledge to preserve the health of schoolchildren, the "index of Ketle" and "Robinson Index" can be given on homework. After conducting functional samples (indexes), it is necessary to attract a school physician or a school medical sister if possible. In April-May, the month of diagnostic samples is also organized as in September.

The topic "Monitoring of physical development" also suggests the level of physical development, motor abilities and health status for this are used in 1-4 classes of 4 diagnostic exercises, in 5-11 classes of 6 diagnostic exercises assessment of students' physical fitness. The initial level of diagnostic exercises is accepted during the study of basic sports: gymnastics-exercise for flexibility, strength; Sports games exercise for agility, high-speed-force qualities; Easy athletics - exercise for speed, endurance; Tourism is an exercise for strength, speed-force quality, but no later than November. In May, all 6 diagnostic exercises are comprehensively accepted.

Students attributed for health to preparatory and special medical groups, in the last quarter perform test exercises not prohibited according to their diseases to determine the level of physical fitness. It should be noted that students I class I are not diagnosed.

When determining the level of physical fitness, the teacher must use the results table without taking into account the dynamics of development.

Diagnostic exercises other than levels have a ball valuation, which makes it possible in April-May the teacher to estimate the student, except 1-4 classes, taking into accounttop of incrementhis Indicators of physical fitness. The topic "Monitoring of physical development" in September is not estimated. An assessment for the topic is set in May in accordance with the criteria for estimation on physical culture.

The basic part of the new program, in contrast to the previous program, which included the variability of the study of modules (sports), makes it possible to make the process of physical education continuous, facilitates the transition from one age group to another, will provide social adaptation (transition from one school to another, shift teacher, studies in educational organizations of secondary and higher vocational education, etc.). Such an approach will provide the necessary level of personality development of students, strengthening their health, mastering the knowledge and skills of self-improvement.

Basic themes are mandatory for study. The basic part includes topics:

1-4 class - "Moving Games", "Gymnastics with elements of acrobatics", "Athletics", "Basic concepts and elements of sports games", "Swimming" (in the absence of conditions for conducting work on swimming hours, the clock is redistributed equal to other basic Topics);

5-9 Class - "Gymnastics", "Athletics", "Tourism", "Sports Games" (two types of choice of teacher from 4: football, handball, basketball, volleyball, taking into account the material and technical base and student interests) ;

10-11 grasses– "Gymnastics", "Athletics", "Tourism", "Sports Games" (two types of choice of a teacher from 4: football, handball, basketball, volleyball, taking into account the material and technical base and the interests of students), "Organization of active leisure "

When selecting sports games, it is necessary to take into account that, for the formation of skills and skills, it is necessary to conduct classes on selected basic sports at least 3 years.

Studying a variable topicwhenyearstudiesdoes not matchclass of learning(for example, in9 classlearntopicmartial arts the firstyearstudy), teachermust Alone adjustcontainable contentvariativestopicsand Control standards, taking into account physical fitness and psychological age-related characteristics of students.

Specialists of physical culture can develop their variable topics to this program. The programs of the variative topics should pass an examination, get a neck of the Ministry of Education and Science, be made public for general use. Thus, the number of variable topics should increase over time.

The physical culture lesson in primary classes is aimed at preserving the formation of motivation to physical education and sports activities, the development of physical qualities. The main activity in the lessons of the physical culture of primary classes is the game.

Game Activities, as a means of learning and improving a motorprepared Schoolchildren of junior classes, is the most productive direction of the educational process in the modern method of physical education. This circumstance is due to the fact that the features of the development and operation of the main systems of the organism of young children are most adapted togame Activities.

In 1-4 classes in each lesson of physical culture, it is necessary to include the game activity of students. Forusage In the lessons of mobile games and game tasks, the following tasks are solved:

development of coordination (accurate reproduction of spatial, time and powerfulcharacteristics of movements, preservation of equilibrium, fast and timely response to changing situations, consistency of simultaneous and consistent movements by various parts of the body, reproduction of the tempo and rhythm of movements) and conditioned (high-speed, power, speed-power, total endurance, flexibility) abilities.

fixing and improving motor skills, skills and studied ways of activity;

Games must be seamless taking into account the topic studied to secure the elements learned.

Due to the increased emotional activity of children during games, it is necessary to strictly regulate the load during their conduct at the expense of:

holding games with short-term interruptions that enable students to restore their strength, reduce heart rate to optimal values \u200b\u200b(110 - 120 ° C.);

increase or decrease the number of repetitions of the game or individual episodes;

increase or decrease time ongame;

elongation or reduction of distances, size of a plot for the game;

increase or reduce the number of playing in the team and others;

increasing the number of obstacles, reduce or increase weight and the number of transmitted items.

Physical exertion during the game need to trackby Visual features: face skin color, respiratory rate, coordination of movements, sweating, facial expressions, well-being.

To prevent students' injury in the lessons of physical culture, it is desirable in September-October classes of grades in the gym. At this time, the middle and older school works on the street, so the sports room is free. Conducting classes in the gym with students of the 1st grade will give an opportunity to better know the children of their character, physical abilities, will remove the psychological tension from schoolchildren due to the decrease in the surrounding stimuli, and the teacher will easier control the activities of first-graders in a limited space. Students 1-4 classes are estimated verbal.

Control and verbal estimate in the younger school ageapplied So in order to stimulate the desire of a student tohis personal physical improvement and self-determination, improved results, increase activity, Radosti from exercise.

In the period from 01.09 to 01.10 school year In order to adapt students to the loads in the lessons of physical culture, the reception of control training standards is not carried out, the basic topic "Monitoring of physical development and physical fitness" is implemented through 6 functional samples (indexes), and classes are recreational and wellness with moderate loads.

Due to the fact that training sessions are mandatory for visiting each students, students attributed for health to the SMG and the LFC Group, as well as temporarily liberated from training activities on the educational subject "Physical Culture", are obliged to attend it and can be attracted Teacher to not contraindicated types of educational activities.

Anatomyphysiological and psychological features of young men and girls require a different approach to the organization of classes, selection of funds and methods of teaching motoraction and education of physical qualities, k.

In accordance with the curricula, conducting classes on "physical culture" with young men and girls of 10-11 classes is carried out separately, the division of classes into two groups is made in accordance with the order of the Ministry of Education and Science.

Special attention also require sports and gifted students who are engaged in sports sections, circles, participate in sports competitions and physical education sports Life Schools. For these students, it is necessary to select special forms of methods, means and exercises that will enable the opportunity to improve their physical development and their sports results. It will be advisable to maintain links with the coaches of these students to bring a schoolboy to the desired sporting result. Pupils should receive a sufficient burden on the lessons of physical culture, but there should be no overload (transition), taking into account their sports activities. Sport-gifted students need to be involved in the physical culture in the student Olympiad and prepare, starting from the 9-10th grade.

According to curricula in the general education institution you can organize a sports profile, a sports and legal profile, a defense and sports profile. To do this, it is necessary to conduct a survey and organizing profile training to conclude an agreement with specialized higher educational institutions on cooperation. For a conscious choice of profile in a general education institution in 8-9 grades, a dopinal preparation is carried out for the purpose of the profile orientation of students.

Forms of the implementation of dopinal training with educational institutions are: the study of individual items on a differentiated basis; Implementing career guidance courses, courses for the choice, extracurricular and circle work of the relevant direction.

Sports profiles give the prospects to be trained in universities where it is an important component of physical training. The knowledge gained enable students to use them also in everyday life.

In 2015-2016 academic year, evaluation is carried out in accordance with the methodological recommendations for the evaluation of educational achievements of students on the subject of "physical culture".

Evaluation of academic performance should be mainly fromqualitycriteriaassessments of the level of student achievements, which include: the quality of mastering software,including theoretical and methodological knowledge, methods of motor, physical recovery and sports activities, as well as from quantitative indicators achieved in motor actions.

In order to correctly and accurately assess the level of physical fitness of students, indicative control standards to the teacher should take into account two indicators. The first– the initial level of preparedness in accordance with the program of physical education. Second– changes in the indicators of physical fitness during a certain period of time. For this, the initial level can be determined by conducting the control standards at the beginning of the topic that is planned at the end of the topic when creating identical conditions. Evaluating the positive changes in certain qualities, the teacher must take into account the features of the development of individual motor abilities, the dynamics of their change in children of a certain age, the original level. For this, the formula is usedcalculation of the growth rate of physical qualities, author A.G. Trucin. If the increase is 10-15%, 1 ball is added to the evaluation of the student's result, and in the event of an increase of more than 15%, 2 bala is added to the student's result.

One of the directions of physical education and health work is extracurricular and out-of-school work, extracurricular physical culture and wellness and sports work affects the entire pedagogical team. In the preparation of physical education and fitness or fitness, the director of the school (since it should directly manage physical education in a general education organization) makes an order in which the duties of the pedagogical team are distributed, public organizations (by agreement), parents, and students, on the organization and conduct of the event. Extracurricular work includes: Physical and wellness and sports events (Physical Holidays, Tournaments, Sports Evenings, Competitions, Health Day, Olympic Week), Preparation of teams to participate in competitions, Work with the School Physical Assessment, Circular, Sectional work, which provides for additional payment for hours on the Circles. Extracurricular work complements the mandatory educational component, taking into account the individual motives of interest and the needs, natural abilities and the health of students.It is impossible, students, to allow for classes in circles, sections of the sports direction without a certificate of a doctor in which a permit for classes in a sports club, sections.

To implement extracurricular work, general education institutions, it is advisable to cooperate with children's youth sports schools presenting them the base for conducting classes, in turn, having the opportunity to use their equipment for conducting physical education lessons, invite representatives of the children's youth sports school to parent meetings, when conducting sports Events It is advisable to conduct demonstration performances of sports sections that are cultivated on the basis of the children's youthful sports school to give children an idea of \u200b\u200bsports.

According to the new Republican stateeducational Standards, new software requirements dictate a new approach to planning the educational process in physical culture. Teacher of Physical Culture According to an explanatory note of the program on physicalculture 5-11 classes must first of all decide on the distribution of the watches of the variative part, taking into account: the presence of a material and technical base, regional sports traditions desire for students. The second step of the teacher of physical culture is the preparation of planning. The features of the planning of the annual plan are that in the plan separately determines the themes of the basic and variable part of the program together with the number of hours in the variable part of the program it is noted what the topic is taken or on what the scope of the clock is redistributed when the variative theme is prescribedstudiesBecause the teacher can choose different themes every year. If necessary, within the framework of one variational theme, it is possible to master the training material provided for two years of study.

In case of development of two years of variative theme for one school year andcaseWhen the year of studying the variable topic does not comply with the class of learning (for example, in the 10th grade, the martial arts module, the launch year of study), the teacher must adjust the meaningful filling of the variable theme and the valuation standards.

For example:

Table 1

Plan-schedule for physical culture for students of the 5th grades for 2015/2016 uch. year

p / P.

Type of software

Clock

I quarter

№№ lessons

1–27

II quarter

№№ lessons

28–48

IIII quarter

№№ lessons

49–78

IY quarter

№№ lessons

79–102

Basic part

In the course of the lesson or no more than 2 hours in the subject

Gymnastics

49-61

Athletics

4-11

86-93

Sports games football

28-47

Sports Games Volleyball *

12-27

Tourism

62-75

Monitoring physical development

1-3

94-102

Variable component

Florolball

76-78

79-85

Sports Games Volleyball *

Total

102 + 3 (Watch Reserve)

* The clock is redistributed to the base part

An example of a graphic calendar plan:

Approved

head teacher

_______________

Agreed:

deputy Director

on educational work

____________________

Calendar Plan-schedule of the distribution of educational material
On the third quarter-quarter of the 2015-2016 academic year for __5 ___ class

p / P.

Theme and content of the program

Clock

Numbers, date of lessons

VOLLEYBALL

Basics of knowledge of physical culture

Special physical training

Training volleyball elements:

Oh, I.

AND

Educational game

Movable game, relay

Homework

Floor pressing

O-acquaintance; And study; Z-secure; P-repeat; C-control.

At the time of the lesson, the teacher should have a plan of an abstract or block of a summary. This document teacher makes for individual use and may notice in it to improve the lesson next time. Be sure to plan the abstract or in the abstract block, medical and pedagogical control over the frequency of heart rate should be reflected. The abstract block, in contrast to the abstract plan, combines the lessons on one topic and has a common goal and task.

Block Abstract lessons No. 11-18 for young men 10 CL.

Topic: Volleyball

Goal: ____________________________________________________________

Tasks:

Didactic;

Wellness;

Educational;

Developing.

Applied

Location: gym

Inventory: Stopwatch, whistle, volleyball balls, volleyball mesh, didactic materials.

Stroke lesson

Part of the lesson

Content material

Room, Date, Lesson, Load Dosage

1.11

3.11

Preparatory

10-12 min.

Building, greeting

min.

Check CSS for 15 seconds.

30s

The main part of 28-32 minutes.

SMG works on cards

3 min.

8 r.

5 M.

Check the heart rate for 30 seconds.

In students, whose pulses did not recover after the restoration exercises after 3 minutes. re-check the heart rate

1 min.

Example Abstract Plan:

Plan Abstract lesson № _____ for students ____ CL. date_______

Topic: _________

Goal: __________________________________________________________________

Tasks:

Didactic;

Wellness;

Educational;

Developing.

Applied

Location: ___________________________________

Inventory: ___________________________________________________________

During the classes

Part of the lesson

Content material

Dosage

Organizational and methodical instructions

Preparatory

10-12 min.

Building, greeting

1 min.

Pay attention to the readiness of students to the lesson. Ask the well-being acumen

Check CSS for 15 seconds.

30s

Pupils with increased heart rate give individual tasks to restore physical condition

The main part of 28-32 minutes.

3 min.

SMG works on cards

8 r.

5 M.

Final part 3-5 min.

Check the heart rate for 30 seconds.

1 min.

Students who have no pulse recovered after recovery exercises after 3 min. re-check the heart rate

The dosage of the load is determined by: S.-seconds, min. Minutes, R. - by the number of times, M. - meters.

Methodical support The important component of the education system has a holistic system of action and activities aimed at raising the qualifications and professional skills of each teacher, the development of the creative potential of pedagogical teams of educational organizations, achieve the positive results of the educational process. It should be based on the modern achievements of psychological and pedagogical science, taking into account the experience of the activities of teachers and a specific analysis of the results of the educational process.

Methodical work plans with pedagogical personnel and their implementation, like the whole system of measures of methodical nature in the system of postgraduate pedagogical education, should be maximally aimed at the formation of teachers, expansion and deepening of knowledge, developing new pedagogical ideas, The introduction of training technologies in modern conditions.

In order to improve work on supporting the teaching of the subject "Physical Culture", we recommend methodical services:

introduce teachers with a new regulatory framework;

help teachers get acquainted and analyze the methodological recommendations on the subject of "Physical Culture";

pay attention to the forms of extracurricular work;

assist teachers in preparing for professional competitions;

organize creative groups on issues of solving problems of physical culture;

introduce advanced pedagogical experience in teaching physical culture in general education organizations;

direct the activities of teachers of physical culture on a creative search in the "Health and Physical Culture" industry.

We recommend the heads of educational institutions when implementing education standards, pay attention to:

creation in general education organizations to promote the formation, strengthening and preservation of physical and mental health with students in physical culture and sports;

ensuring medical and pedagogical control on the organization of physical education of general education organizations in accordance with sanitary standards;

ensuring the effectiveness of organizing the motor activity of students, taking into account their age, psychophysiological, individual characteristics,physical development, and the mode of work of the school;

the organization of the sectional and circle work of physical education and recovery in the educational institution, persons who have a special education.

organization of additional classes with students attributed to a special medical group in medical institutions;

organization of profile classes of the industry "Health and Physical Culture";

organization of class 1 in September October in the gym;

system of explanatory work among parents about the need to control the real state of children's health;

holdingworking with a pedagogical team to prevent harmful habits and conducting a healthy lifestyle.

We recommend teachers of the subject "Physical Culture" when implementing education standards, pay attention to:

universal learning actions to conduct a healthy lifestyle;

physical education of students of a special medical group;

formation of motivation relative to a healthy lifestyle and exercise;

dosing physical exertion;

ensuring a differentiated and individual approach to students in organizing an educational process, taking into account age, psychophysiological, individual characteristics, peculiarities of physical development and gender;

evaluation of knowledge of students in physical culture lessons

formation of students of insurance and self-insurance regulations, control of the physical condition of the body;

repetition of life safety at each physical culture lesson when performing various exercise;

conducting instructions in organizing physical cultural events, competitions, etc.;

organization of work with physical assets

special training before each credit exercise (not less than two classes);

conduct workout before passing the standard, and after– restorative exercises;

conducting the school stage of the student Olympiad in physical culture.

Ministry and Education and Science of the Russian Federation

GSUPO "STET" Sevastopol Trade and Economic Technical School

on the topic: "Out of training classes in physical culture as a way to strengthen health"

Performed teacher

in physical culture: chariots

Pavel Viktorovich

Sevastopol 2018.

Object of study : Outside educational activities, organization of competently built classes in physical culture for independent conduct

Subject of study : Exercise used in outside the educational process to strengthen the health of children and recommendations of the organization physical Events out of school time.

goal : Training in independent physical education on the means of recommendations

Tasks : Formation of knowledge about the positive qualities of physical education, the development of skills and skills, grafting a healthy lifestyle

Relevance of work : Due to the fact that the overall health of adolescents worsened compared to past generations, in the country we go to popularize sports and propaganda of a healthy lifestyle. As a consequence, many students, disciples and working class began to show interest in this kind of activity (began to go to stadiums and fitness centers). But unfortunately, not everyone knows how to do it right and with the mind, since before that could only be engaged in physical education, under the guidance of the teacher. This work is relevant in that it carries the basic recommendations in independent physical education classes, which in turn positively affects human health.

Plan

Introduction ................................................... .................................................. ...... 3.

Chapter I. Analysis of the species of extracurricular activities in physical culture and their influence on the body ..................................... .................................................. ..............................four

1.1. The concept of physical culture as part of the educational process ......................................... .................................................. ........................four

1.2. The influence of physical culture on the body on extracurricular activities .......................................... .................................................. ........................nine

Chapter II. Mastering basic knowledge and skills in the section of physical culture ......................................... .................................................. .14

2.1. Analysis of literature on the preparation of students of the SPO on the subject of physical culture ........................................ .................................................. ....14

Findings................................................. .................................................. ...... 26.

List of references................................................ ...................................... 28.

Introduction

In this methodological work, the problem of physical culture in modern society and lack of awareness in this direction is illuminated. Having conducted an analogy with between the modern generation and generations that were previously possible to observe that their student health has fallen. More children with preparatory and special health teams appeared, which was considered not acceptable 30 years ago. In this regard, recommendations were developed for physical culture for students, these recommendations are suitable for most students, with the exception of those who have chronic diseases that do not give in one way or another kind of physical culture activities. The main types of independent physical culture activities (classes) were also covered. And they show the main sets of exercises, which will also fit most students.

The work featured the positive aspects of the heads and physical education, the influence of them on the body and how important it is not only to engage in additionally besides the educational process, but also it is important to do correctly.

ChapterI.. Analysis of the species of extracurricular activities in physical culture and their influence on the body

The concept of physical culture as part of the educational process

Physical culture as academic discipline is well acquainted by most students since childhood. At the same time, in secondary vocational educational institutions, its appointment as an educational discipline is determined by the fact that the contribution of physical education in general secondary education should consist of students with all aspects of knowledge of human life, about his health and healthy lifestyle. As well as in mastering all the arsenal of practical skills and skills ensuring the preservation and promotion of health, the development and improvement of its psychophysical abilities and personal qualities. Scientists who studied the concept of physical culture are inclined to unanimously believe that among the complex the reasons for the formation of physical culture should recognize the leading objective need to prepare the younger and adult generations to life practice. The main forms of which, in many respects, the very fact of human existence as a social biological being, and remain laborious and defense activities.

Physical culture - part of the culture, which is a set of values, norms and knowledge created and used by society in order to physical and intellectual development of human abilities, improving its motor activity and the formation of a healthy lifestyle, social adaptation through physical education, physical training and physical development.

There are a number of concepts: "Mass sports" or "Sport for all", "Sport higher achievements" These concepts differ significantly among themselves. Combines their rivalry. Researchers note that sports competitions are gaming, humanistically oriented rivalry. In relation to competitive situations in real life, sports competition acts as a humane model. Sport - The sphere of socio-cultural activity as a set of sports, which has developed in the form of competitions and the special practice of preparing a person to them.

Physical education is a process of solving certain educational and educational tasks, which is characterized by all common signs of the pedagogical process (guiding the role of the teacher-specialist, organization of activities in accordance with the pedagogical principles, etc.), or is carried out in order of self-education. A distinctive feature of physical education is, primarily in the fact that the process is aimed at the formation of motor skills and the development of so-called physical qualities of a person who determine physical performance. Note that physical education is one of the effective tools for education of personality.

Physical education is a process aimed at educating personality, the development of human physical abilities, the acquisition of the skills and skills in the field of physical culture and sports in order to form a comprehensively developed and physically healthy person with a high level of physical culture.

General physical training is aimed at creating a foundation for general or not specific adaptation to success in a variety of activities. Special physical preparation is aimed at achieving success in relation to the peculiarities of any special activity (professional, sports, etc.), chosen as an object of in-depth specialization (Kuznetsov).

Physical preparation is a process aimed at the development of physical qualities, abilities (including skills and skills) of a person, taking into account its activities and socio-demographic characteristics.

According to the State Educational Standard of secondary vocational education, educational discipline of physical culture is taught in secondary educational institutions.

The purpose of the physical education of students is to form the physical culture of the personality and the ability to use various means of physical culture, sports and tourism to preserve and strengthen health, psychophysical training and self-preparation for future professional activities.

Educational discipline Physical culture includes the following didactic units as a compulsory minimum, integrating the theory, practical and control curricula:

Physical culture in general cultural and vocational training of students;

Socio-biological foundations of physical culture;

Basics of a healthy way and lifestyle;

Wellness systems and sports (theory, technique and practice);

Professional and applied physical training of students.

The educational material of each didactic unit is differentiated through the following sections and subsections of the program:

Theoretical - forming a worldview system of scientific and practical knowledge and relations to physical culture;

Practical - consisting of two subsections: Methodico-practical, providing operational mastering methods and methods of physical education and sports activities to achieve educational, professional and life goals of the personality, and training, promoting the acquisition of experience of creative practical activities, the development of amateur in physical culture and sports in order to achieve physical perfection, raising the level of functional and motor abilities, aimed at the formation of the qualities and properties of the individual;

Control - defining differentiated and objective accounting of the process and the results of students' learning activities.

The professional orientation of the educational process in physical culture combines all three sections of the program, performing a binder, coordinating and activating function.

The distribution to training branches is carried out at the beginning of the school year, taking into account gender, the state of health (medical detention), physical development, physical and sports preparedness, the interests of the student. The main branch is credited with students attributed to the main and preparatory medical groups.

The special department is credited with students attributed according to the medical examination data to a special medical group. Training groups are completed by sex and taking into account the level of the functional state of students. Students exempted on the state of health from practical lessons for a long time are credited to a special training department for mastering the sections of the curriculum.

Physical education of students is carried out using a variety of forms of educational and extracurricular activities throughout the entire period of study at the university.

Training classes are held in shape:

Theoretical, practical, control;

Elective practical training (optional);

Individual and individually group additional classes (consultations);

Independent lessons on the task and under the control of the teacher.

Exacting classes are organized in the form:

Performing exercise and recreational activities in school day;

Classes in sports clubs, sections, interest groups;

Amateur exercise exercise, sports, tourism;

Mass wellness, physical education and sports events.

The relationship of various forms of educational and extracurricular classes creates conditions to provide students with the use of a scientifically based volume of motor activity necessary for the normal functioning of the body, the formation of a motivational value attitude to physical culture. Terms and procedures for performing credentials and tests are determined by the learning part of the educational institution for the entire academic year and are brought to the attention of students.

Practical credit requirements and tests are performed in school time control Competitionsto which students are allowed, regularly attend learning classes and receiving necessary training. Student offset adopt teachers in constantly fixed learning groups. The mark of standings is made to the statement and in the student's credit book.

Students, liberated from practical training in physical culture for a long period, perform written thematic control work related to the nature of their disease, and give a test on the theoretical section of the program. Students who fulfilled all the requirements of the curriculum and curriculum are allowed for the final certification of physical culture.

The influence of physical culture on the body on extracurricular activities

In unable to educational work on physical education, they are mainly the same tasks as in classes in physical culture: promoting health, hardening the body, the versatile physical development of students, the successful implementation of the curriculum in physical culture, as well as the upbringing of certain organizational skills in students and habits for systematic exercises in physical culture and sports. The management of the team of physical culture is assigned to the Council of the team and the teacher of physical culture. In addition, physical education organizers are elected in each class.

In the commonabloyal plan in extracurricular work on physical education, a number of areas can be distinguished. One of these areas includes the expansion and deepening of sanitary and hygienic education of students and the formation of the corresponding skills and skills. It is necessary that in a teacher's planning order, class managers and medical workers conducted a conversation with students about the importance of the correct day of the day, on body hygiene, how to harde and strengthen the physical forces and human health. The subject of sanitary and hygienic education includes also the issues of popularizing physical culture and sports and, in particular, the organization of meetings with athletes, conducting conversations, reports and lectures on the development of mass physical cultural movement, about the most important events of sports life, the effect of physical education and sports for raising Human performance, improving its moral and aesthetic development.

An important direction of extracurricular work on physical education is the use of natural forces of nature (sun, air and water) to strengthen the health of students. For this purpose, hiking excursions are carried out, hiking are organized. Usually they are accompanied by a message to children of certain knowledge and rules of behavior in the campaign. In the campaign, the disciples acquire initial tourism skills (on the ground orientation, the organization of the place of recreation, cooking, etc.). Walking and hiking is better to schedule in such places where students can replenish their knowledge of nature, hear the stories of interesting people. In the system of extracurricular work, sporting improvement of students, the development of their abilities in various types of physical education and sports is of great importance. This task is solved by organizing the work of sports sections on gymnastics, sports games, mild athletics, etc.

An essential direction outside of academic work is to organize and conduct sporting events in educational institutions. These include sports holidays, Organization of Spartakiad, Competitions, Evenings, "Health Days", "Weeks of Health", Olympics, Bleestafeth, Crosses, etc.

In a comprehensive program of physical education of students, extracurricular forms of physical education and sports are included. It defines the content of classes in the sections of popular sports, OFP groups and circles on physical education. This means that outside the study work is mandatory and requires fulfillment by teachers of physical culture and teachers of additional education of software requirements, and students in passing standards for improving sports skills in the chosen sport.

The sections of other curricula do not include extracurricular work with students, but almost all educational institutions have different sections, circles, groups, clubs in their ranks.

The main goal of extracurricular work is the organization of leisure of students who carry the wellness effect.

Classes in sports sections, circles are mainly in the urgent type, i.e. They have educational or educational orientation, content, time and place; the leading figure is the teacher-specialist, which is advisable, based on the pedagogical principles, organizes classes, teaches, brings up engaged in their activities, guides their activities according to the logic of solved objectives; Contingent engaged in constant and relatively homogeneous. However, such classes are characterized and determined by the peculiarities arising primarily from the fact that the choice of the subject of classes, the installation on achievements, as well as the costs of time and strength directly depends on the individual inclinations, interests, the abilities involved, as well as on the characteristics of personal free-time budget regulation. , the spending of which is not always amenable to unified regulation. Nevertheless, in such a situation, the preferred forms of the organization of the physical education process are often the urgent forms, especially when it is necessary to ensure clearly ordered formation of knowledge, skills, skills and strictly to effectively affect the development of motor and related abilities. The urgent forms of classes, as followed from the above, represent the most favorable opportunities for this.

Classes organized under the conditions of voluntary physical culture movement of the urgeous type are more variable. They are modified depending on the profiling of the content in the direction, voluntarily elected by their individual aspirations, respectively, or prolonged aspirations, or physical cultural and conditioner training, or classes aimed at implementing private tasks), as well as depending on a number of circumstances variable ( Change in the life of the life of the study, specific possibilities of allocating time for classes, the conditions for their equipment, etc.) This causes the originality of the urban classes used. In various situations, they differ significantly, in particular, by the ratio of structural elements, ways to organize activity engaged in, level and dynamics of loads, volume and nature of time distribution.

Extracurious work on physical culture include: sports sections on various sports (football, basketball, volleyball, handball, athletics, ski racing, gymnastics, choreography, ballroom dancing, Shaping, various types of martial arts, etc.), sports clubs, group OFP, sports clubs, teams, etc.

Under the influence of physical exercises on extracurricular activities, the blood supply to muscle tissue is improved (including the heart muscle). Physical education and sports activities improve oxygen supply nerve cells The brain, which in turn, contributes to increasing not only physical, but also mental performance. In other words, physical education is largely helped to intensify the cells of the brain and, on the contrary, not only our muscles weakens the lack of muscle movements, but also our brain, makes it vulnerable to various kinds of defeats.

Movement is an indispensable part of a person's life, but it is not a panacea. You can not get rid of the ailments and suffering, without changing the whole system of their active life. A uniform motor load in the form of running strengthens the immune system by activating, updating, and an increase in the composition of white blood tauri.Beg is needed for the body. Heart, stomach, intestines, liver, kidneys and other organs of our body for millions of years were formed under conditions of permanent movements. When limiting the movements of the function of these organs is broken. A practically healthy person must devote a run daily at least 15-20 minutes, running during this time a total of 3-4 km. With a high-speed run, the heart rate can reach 200-210 shots per minute. But under the influence of systematic classes, the work of the heart in peace becomes almost 2 times more economical than that of untrained people. Experienced runners are reduced to 35-40 times per minute.

Regular physical activity not only in the lessons of physical culture, but also on extracurricular activities make it possible to largely delay age-related involutional changes in physiological functions, as well as degenerative changes of organs and systems. The performance of physical exercises has a positive effect on the entire propulsion system, preventing the development of degenerative changes associated with age and hypodynamines (violation of the functions of the body with a decrease in motor activity). The mineralization of bone tissue and calcium content in the body increases, which prevents the development of osteoporosis (bone dystrophy with the restructuring of its structure and cutting). The influx of lymphs to the articular cartilage and intervertebral discs increases, which is the best tool for the prevention of arthrosis and ostechondrosis (degeneration of articular cartilage).

All of these data indicate the invaluable positive impact of practical culture on the human body as in everyday life and during the educational process. Thus, we can talk about the need for exercise in the life of every person. It is very important to take into account the state of human health and its level of physical training for the rational use of the physical capacity of the body so that physical exertion does not harm health.

ChapterII.. Mastering the main knowledge and skills in the section of physical culture

2.1. Analysis of literature on the preparation of students of the SPO on the subject of physical culture

After analyzing the literature on the physical training of students of the SPO, it is possible to draw conclusions that physical culture in the training of specialists has an important role in improving human physical abilities and increasing its cultural level. It took the creation of a legal basis for this type of social activity. This activity regulates two law of the Federal Assembly Russian Federation: The Law "On Education" of February 13, 2007 No. 19-FZ and the Law "On Physical Culture and Sports in the Russian Federation" of December 4, 2007 No. 309-FZ.

The Russian Federation establishes state educational standards, including federal and regional components, as well as the components of the educational institution. These standards are the basis for an objective assessment of the quality of education and qualifications of the graduate regardless of the forms of obtaining education.

A graduate of secondary vocational education should:

Understand the role of physical culture in the development of man and the training of a specialist;

Know the foundations of physical culture and healthy lifestyle;

Send a system of practical skills that ensure the preservation and promotion of health, development development and improvement of psychophysical abilities and qualities, self-determination in physical culture;

Purchase experience in the use of physical culture and sports activities to achieve life and professional goals.

Educational institutions are designed to create conditions that ensure the protection and health promotion of students, and health authorities provide medical care.

The Federal Law "On Physical Culture and Sport" considers physical culture and sports as one of the prevention of diseases, health promotion, maintaining high human health, education of citizens' patriotism, prepare them for the protection of the Motherland and guarantees citizens of the right to equal access to exercise classes and sports. State policy in the field of physical culture is carried out in accordance with the principles:

Continuity and continuity of physical education of various groups of citizens at all stages of their livelihoods;

Taking into account the interests of all citizens in the development and implementation of federal programs for the development of physical culture and sports, recognition of citizens' responsibility for their physical health and physical condition.

In order to correctly assess the influence of physical culture on the professional activities of graduates of educational institutions, it is necessary first of all to consider the importance and role of physical culture in a person's life in general, regardless of its professional affiliation, the nature and kind of future work. It is necessary to identify the basis of a healthy lifestyle, physical excellence, after which consider the specific features specializing in a certain form of professional activities that have their working conditions. For each category of employees, different requirements for the state of the employee, its physical strength, health, are imposed.

After the general and special features of physical culture are considered, as one of the most important indicators of the human life level, to determine its importance in both human life, and in his professional activities, and in particular in professional activities. To study the influence of physical culture on human life and his professional activities, it is necessary to take into account both the constantly existing factors that have not changed over the years and the trends of the new times, which put the task in front of a person more and more improve and develop, including Improve your physical condition and health. In addition, the importance and role of physical culture should be considered from the standpoint of not only the various age-related categories of people, but also from the standpoint of their social and professional orientation.

The subject of physical culture, which is taught in educational institutions, puts another reservoir in the general physical condition of a person, his health, physical fitness and physical perfection. However, it is greater importance than the same physical culture at school and school. Since in medium and higher educational institutions, physical culture is taught at a higher level and is perceived more consciously, with understanding its importance and role in human life and society.

For a more complete awareness of the physical culture value, a properly developed methodological and methodological approach to teaching and learning physical culture, sports and exercise are needed. To understand and evaluate the importance and role of physical culture in a person's life in general, and in professional activities, it is not necessary to wait for the time and you will really feel the lack of physical fitness when you realize that you missed the moment when we needed to physically cultivate, train , do physical exercises. Start today to engage in your health, it's not too late. The progressive rhythm of our lives requires all greater physical activity and preparedness. All increasing loads that fall on our shoulders throughout their lifetime require higher physical excellence, which should be achieved through physical culture.

Such textbooks were analyzed as: "Physical Culture 14E Edition", "Teaching Physical Culture for Basic Communist Party Tutorial for SPO" Alkhasov D.S., Amelin S.N., "Physical Culture of Student" Mouller A., \u200b\u200bDyadichina N., Bogchenko Yu., Potnenevsky A. In all textbooks, the importance of physical culture in the preparation of students to their future profession, be it seating or active work activity. Examples were given that for sedentary professions, physical culture helps to intensify the body to improve the influx of blood, there is most improved intake of oxygen into cells and this has a positive effect not only on health, but also to increase human performance. And on the turn when working on organizations where large energosatinity is required (physical labor), the percentage of a minute helped distract from the labor process, which had a positive effect on the psychological state of the worker, and also increased human abdication.

It was emphasized that the state is interested in the fact that physical culture would be part of human life, whether the usual morning gymnastics or professional sports. In elementary classes, physical education is significantly improved by the health and immunity of a person. A person of this or that profession must realize that much depends on his work, that he answers not only for his work, but also for the work of the entire enterprise and is responsible, since it is part of this mechanism. Therefore, the preparation of students of the SPO and universities is so paying attention to physical culture. Unlike school programStudents more consciously approach the subject of physical culture, they begin to understand why this subject is needed and how important it is.

As mentioned above, the physical culture has been told in an extra-hour time, this is the physical activity of a person who likes him more and does not set itself a goal of performing some kind of standard and the like. Extracurricular activities include: Morning gymnastics (charging), occupation in circles or sections, participation in competitions, participation in sporting events (Health Day, ready for work and defense, funny starts, etc.), tourism, hiking, etc. d. All these physical activity take place in extracurricular time and usually the main task for a person get good mood, activate the body and improve your well-being. But everything must be done with the mind, if our goal is improved, then with improper load or incorrect exercise, you can get injured, nausea, reduced pressure and other signs of not a healthy condition of the body. In order for this, this was not drawn up with recommendations in the main classes of physical culture, which most often found in our lives.

Charging. Charging in the morning helps the faster "enable" the body into the working condition. During sleep, all human systems are also immersed in sleep mode: the heart rate is reduced, muscles relax, the internal organs function in slow motion.

Charging activates the work of the human body. Improve blood circulation. Awaken and begin to work in the usual mode of visual, lobby, hearing aid. A nervous system mobilizes: drowsiness and inhibition. Already by the end of 10-15 minute light morning charging Man feels woken. Without charging in the mornings on the final awakening of the body, it can take up to 2-3 hours. Below is an example of a set of exercise for charging (Table 1).

Table 1

Exercise 1 Singing	Start with stretching up. Stand smoothly, legs on the width of the shoulders. Hand brushes to fold into the castle, palm turn out from yourself. Slowly raise your hands above the head and start reaching all the body to the ceiling. Keep your back and smooth head, do not bump. Exercise for 10-15 seconds 3-4 times.
Exercise 2 Step in place	Steps in place, alternately making focus on the heels, socks and side parts of the feet. Exercise for 30-50 seconds.
Exercises 3. Drugs with socks on heels	Stand smoothly. Foot position at a distance of 15 cm from each other. Inhale and stand on socks, exhale and smoothly roll on the heels. Repeat the exercise for 20-25 times.
Exercise 4. Rotation in Sustav	For the workout of the body, it is best to perform rotational movements. Start from the head, then go to hand, elbows, shoulders, feet, ankles and knees. On each part of the body, select 10 repeats in each direction.
Exercise 5. Tilt and squatting	Stand straight, lay legs on the width of the shoulders, hands on the waist. Slowly lean forward, then straighten your back and make one squat. Hold your back as soon as possible to avoid knee injuries. Exercise Repeat 10-20 times.
Exercise 6. Top housing	Raise right hand up. Smoothly, without sharp movements first bend left, then change your hand and lean to the right. Keep your back smoothly, lean clearly to the side. Repeat the exercise 15 times in each direction.
Exercise 7. Alternated foot pulling	Take the position lying. Hands straighten up. Start with the right leg. Bend it in the knee and pull to yourself as much as possible, at the same time pull the left hand to the knee. After change your leg and hand. Repeat the exercise 15 times for each leg.
Exercise 8. Twisting on the press	Loku on the floor hand hold on the head, perform twisting the housing. Elbows touching the knees, exercise 15 times a few repetitions.
Exercise 9. Pushups	Jump with the elongated legs, resting on the socks, if so hard, then learn to your knees. Perform 15 pushups.
Exercise 10. Singing	Stand up, raise your hands up. On the exhalation, go to the socks and smoothly pull as high as possible. On the breath, go down completely at the foot and relax the muscles. Repeat exercises 5 times 10 seconds.

Classes running. When a person is engaged in running, all systems in the body are trainedEven the minor joints and cartilage that come into motion increase and / or compress, which contributes to their best nutrition and release from dead cells. Without training, joints and cartilage become weak and low-loving. Running also trains bundles that maintain jointsthat reduces the risk of their stretching - injury. Also, the bone runners are longer than those who do not train.

Long-term aerobic running develops endurance, turns your overweight In the energy you spend in training. If you skillfully combine classes running with rational nutrition, eliminating everything that the calorie reserves that you burn in the process of training, the result will be noticeable after a few months.Moreover, improving blood circulationit will help your body to update the cells and blood vessels that die, "choking" from the lack of movement. Your body will be fully updatedYou will feel the tide of new forces and self-confidence. Running is an excellent tool that affects not only on the figure, but also improves your well-being, strengthens your health.

Also run contributes to the development of new capillariesthat germinate in places affected by various diseases. it helps stop the development of the diseaseOr completely eliminate the reasons that cause it. Accelerated blood flow avoids sclerotic blockage of vessels, warn heart attack. In the process of regular training, the pulse is gradually reduced during physical exertion and at rest. it gives you the opportunity to put blood pressure in normal condition. Constant increase in muscle tone positively affects the immunity. Engage regularly, in the fresh air, and you will forget about colds, shortness of breath and other ailments.

During and after running, the blood formation process is activated - "Young", healthy blood is formed.It has been repeatedly proven that running, especially in the morning hours, strengthen the nervous system. The accelerated influx of blood has a beneficial effect on the work of the brain, attention is gradually improving, consideration, memory, the ability to concentrate. Rogging helps tune in to positive way will increase the total body tone, get rid of depression. Regular running classes develop valuable personal qualities, such as dedication, willpower, self-control. Thinking people are usually more confident, calm and balanced.

The body will be healthy only under the condition of the active movement of the entire fluid (blood, lymph, intracellular fluid) inside the body. Start and maintaining a liquid and tissue circulation in the proper level and more efficiently with a regular run. Running gives cheerfulness, strength, energy.After a good jogging (and if the jog is very good, it is already during it) in the body there is a hormone of happiness. Run can take stress.

Be sure to start jumping with a warm-up

Keep your breath. Sport junction It assumes not only the right technique, but also the corresponding rhythmic breathing.

You can breathe during the run, only a nose. If a person begins to breathe mouth, it means that the body is overloaded - there is not enough oxygen, and if the grimaces begins to scary to cut, it means that it is time to call.

If you feel that fatigue accumulates or feel pain or not atmaching, and running in tightness, you do not need to break down, it is better to take a break for a couple of days and then start with new forces (see that the pain completely disappeared). In this question, it is better to none to nose than to overdo it. But it is impossible to stop sharply when running - just change the jogging walk.

A prerequisite is self-control during the training period: accounting of well-being, periodic testing of body weight, pulse frequency measurement before and after classes. The care of the pulse immediately after the run should not exceed 50-60% of the source data (that is, with the initial frequency of the pulse 80 beats per minute after the workout, it should be no more than 120-130). For half an hour, the pulse indicators must be fully recovered.

Try different types of running: jogging, running short distances, running with obstacles, etc. Touching different running techniques, you will find the best for yourself. It is best to alternate quickly running for a short distance with a slow run to a long distance - this will not give the body to quickly get used to the same loads, which will lead to the burning of a larger calorie.

Upon completion of each workout, it is necessary to get a little to cool and bring the breath and heart rhythm.

To enhance the effect, adhere to healthy nutrition: do not lean on sweet, flour and fried, abandon alcohol and night meals, give preference to vegetables fruit and porridge from whole croup. After 18-19 hours, it is better not to use anything at all except water. And throughout the day to eat 5 times, but small portions.

After tight power - wait at least 1 hour. After training, you can start food almost immediately.

In order to minimize the risk of injury during running, workout should be done. Below is an example of a set of exercises before running (Table 2).

table 2

Exercise 1 Workout neck	We make tilts in each direction. Follow the smoothness of movements. Better abandon the rotation head so as not to get injured for 16 times
Exercise 2 Rotation of hands	We are starting to rotate in different directions of brushes, then go to the elbow joints and finish the shoulders of 12 times
Exercise 3. Twist	Legs are not very wide, hands together in front of them. We begin twisting the hull to the right and left, the press is in voltage. Good exercise for the waist study 12 times
Exercise 4. Workout feet	One foot at a right angle is raised in front of the hip level, the sock is directed down. We start rotation in different directions, draw the footsteps of the circles 12 times
Exercise 5. Stretching the front of the thigh	Bend one leg in the knee and enter it back, press your hand to the buttocks. Fix the position. It is felt stretching the four-headed muscles of the hip 4 times / 10 seconds
Exercise 6. Stretching of calf muscles	Standing straight, one leg is listed back, focusing on ahead standing leg. Sat on a supporting leg, stretching the calf muscle. Light tension is felt without a strong pain 4 times / 10 seconds
Exercise 7.	Bend the housing and stretch to the socks. It is felt stretching the back of the thigh and the calf muscles 4 times / 10 seconds
Exercise 8.	Legs are spread wide, hands with focus on hips. We make attacks in different directions, leaning on the supporting leg, stretching the muscles of the other. You can make light shocking during the exercise 4 times / 10 seconds
Exercise 9. Rotation	Exercises are focused on developing the legs, hips, pelvis and feet. Without sharp movements, we perform rotation in different directions 12 times in each direction
Exercise 10. Drainage massage	Tapping and patting the muscles of the legs, starting with the muscles downstairs and ending with the muscles of the hip 2 times on each leg

I would like to add that it would be necessary to deal with any physical culture activities to get acquainted with its theoretical part, and then go to the practical one. Since you must first find out how to deal with it correctly, whatever time is wasted or worse to harm yourself. When practicing physical education, especially in extracurricular time, it is worth paying for itself more attention. It is very important to listen to your body, he will give you to understand if you do something wrong, it is not necessary to overload yourself, it will only aggravate your physical condition and in the addition of overtraining adversely affects the nervous system.

There must be goals and tasks that

Be theoretically aware in the field of physical culture in which plans to engage

Self-control of the body (measuring heart rate and blood pressure, general well-being)

Suitable equipment (for each physical education, it may differ)

Properly choose time to exercise physical education (what is suitable for one, not the fact that it will come true for another)

Prepare your body to exercise (warm up, stretching)

Classes must be systematic (to get due results)

For more productive physical education classes, it is worth abandoning bad habits (harmful and interfere with the full development of the body)

It is necessary to build a program and a power mode depending on the goal

It is worth considering external factors that may affect the occupation (weather, allocated time, time of day, etc.)

findings

Summing up can be said that physical education has a positive effect on the body as physical and its psychological state. Starting from strengthening immunity and ending with stress resistance and improved mood. Not only that a person learns physical culture throughout the entire educational process, these skills and habits should remain with it throughout life, since physical culture is in all aspects of human vital activity, just someone else, someone less. In essence, physical culture is in walking and some domestic manifestations that are often used in everyday life.

To engage in physical education and sports, it is necessary to own the basic skills and knowledge that help minimize problems with one or another physical activity. Since instead of recovery, you can get injured that can stay for life.

During outside the educational process, the physical education helps to be more productive, both in relation to the body and in the preparation of the implementation of standards that are in the program training of specialists. In general, extracurricular physical culture can be directed simply on improving and strengthening the body, and is aimed at preparing a person to fulfill the standards that are approved by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.

Before the student independently begin to engage in physical culture, it is worth consulting with teachers or read any professional literature. Since instead of improving indicators of standards and improving well-being, chronic diseases can be obtained.

As a result, it can be said that extracurricular physical activity has a positive effect on the body, only if it passes with some kind of knowledge luggage. In aggregate with lessons, extracurricular physical education brings more positive than only physical education lessons.

List of references

Vilensky M.Ya., Solovyov G.M., the main essential characteristics of the pedagogical technology for the formation of the physical culture of the personality: Tyatifk, No. 3, 2001. - P. 2 - 7.
Davidenko D. N., Ponomarev G.N. Reflections on the concepts and essence of education in the field of physical culture / TIPF 2004, No. 5. - 52 - 54
Egorchev A.O., Egorcheva E.V. Studying the relationship of students to FKIS classes.
Instructions for the organization and content of the work of the Department of Physical Education of Higher Educational Institutions / Approved by the Order of the State Committee of the Russian Federation for Higher Education of July 26, 1994. №777
Lubysheva L.I. Sociology of physical culture and sports: studies. Benefit. - 2nd ed., Stereotype. - M.: Publishing Center "Academy", 2004. - 240c.
Polyansky V.P. Tateco-Methodological Justification FC, 1999
Sociology of physical culture and sports: textbook / V.I. Stolyarov - M.: FIS, 2005. - 400s.
The Federal Law "On Physical Culture and Sports in the Russian Federation" adopted on December 4, 2007.
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16. "Physical Culture 14E Edition" Academy 2015

17. "Teaching a physical culture for the main general educational programs textbook for SPO" Alkhasov D.S., Amelin S.N., 2016

18. "Physical Culture of Student" Mouller A., \u200b\u200bDyadichina N., 2016

In accordance with state educational standards, the Industry "Physical Culture and Health" is represented by the subjects: "Physical Culture", "Propular and Health Training", "Basics of Life Safety".

The subject "Physical Culture" solves the problem of the formation of health, which includes physical, spiritual and social well-being.

The purpose of the subject "Physical Culture" in the general education organization is to promote health, promoting harmonious physical, moral and social development, successful training, the formation of the skills of self-regulation by means of physical culture, as well as the formation of a plant for preserving and promoting health, skills of a healthy and safe lifestyle.

To achieve a goal in the teaching process, the following tasks are implemented:

Wellness:

prevention of diseases, stressful states by means of physical culture;
the formation of the body's ability to adapt to the environment;
facilitating the health improvement of students, the formation of proper posture, prevention of flatfoot, myopia and other diseases;
increase mentalperformance;
mastering the skills of forming a healthy lifestyle.

Educational:

mastering physical cultural knowledge necessary for organized and independent activities;
development of the spiritual values \u200b\u200bof Olympism and the Olympic Movement (Olympic Education);
learning vital motor skills and skills;
formation of culture of movements, enrichment of motor experience with physical exercises with overall and wellness orientation, technical actions and techniques of basic sports.

Educational:

formation of patriotic self-consciousness;
upbringing positive traits, such as disciplined behavior, friendly attitude to comrades, collectivism, mutual execution, honesty, responsiveness, courage, perseverance in achieving the goal;
forming a careful attitude to their own health and health surrounding as values;
implementation of the principle of the harmonious combination of moral, physical and intellectual qualities of the individual;
formation of motivational plants for physical and spiritual self-improvement;
prevention of asocial behavior by means of physical culture.

Developing:

development of conditioned and coordination qualities;
development of creative abilities;
development of worldview;
development Thinking abilities, through the integration processes of education.

Applied:

learning skills and skills of cooperation with peers in the process of physical education and sports activities;
mastering knowledge, skills and skills required To ensure security during independent games and physical education.

All objectives of the subject are equivalent.

In the new student 2015/2016 in accordance with the new Republican state educational standards, typical curricula, the subject "Physical Culture" refers to the invariant part and on its study in grades 1-11 is allocated to 3 hours a week, in the specialized classes of sports direction - 5 hours a week. The lesson in physical culture should not exceed 45 minutes. With a modular training system, the lesson of physical culture is planned to schedule 45 minutes with lessons of labor learning, foreign language, music, visual art, etc.

According to the Law of the Donetsk People's Republic "On Physical Culture and Sport" Article 76,pedagogical activities in the field of physical culture and sports have the right to carry out persons with secondary special or higher education in the field of physical culture and sports, as well as admitted to such activities in the manner established by the Republican executive authority in the field of physical culture and sports of the Donetsk People's Republic. "

To solve the problem of lack of sports halls in general education organizations, we recommend organizing adapted facilities for physical culture (gymnastics hall, aerobics, gym, etc.)

The modern lesson of physical culture includes individual and differentiated approaches in determining the load and selection of funds, forms and methods of training. Particular attention is required to disciple a special medical group. The main goal for students of a special medical group through the means of physical culture to increase the vital activity of organs and systems, to achieve an individual-sustainable improvement in well-being. For this, students must perform available exercises according to their nosologies and correctional-developing complexes.

The distribution of students to the main, preparatory and special group to participate in physical education and sports and mass events is carried out by the doctor, taking into account their health status (or on the basis of information about their health). The acquisition of special medical groups before the new school year should be carried out.until June 1 Taking into account the age, the indicators of physical fitness, the functional state and the degree of pathological process according to the medical examination, conducted in April-May of the current year. Lists of children indicating the diagnosis of the medical group are transferred to the director of the school and teachers of physical culture. Directoruntil September 10 The current year should issue a special medical group by order at school.Students who have not passed medical examination, physical culture not allowed to physical exercise. Classes with a special medical group in general education institutions are conducted by a physical culture teacher, or in the office of the LFC local polyclinic. To do this, there is a diary of visiting classes, which is controlled by a physical culture teacher, a class leader and parents. Lists of students who are assigned to different medical groups are approved by order of a general education organization. The medical group for the physical culture of each studying is made in the "Health Sheet" of the Class Magazine. The second copy of the Health Sheet, indicating the nature of the disease, should be transferred to the physical culture teacher.

To implement new educational standards, a new program for "Physical Culture" has been prepared by the creative group for grades 1-11.

The Physical Culture Program includes such sections:

"Basics of knowledge of physical culture" (information component);
"Motor activity methods (sports, monitoring of physical development) basic and variable part" (activity component).

Knowledge of physical culture is studied directly on practical classes, in the course of performing exercises, tactical and technical actions or separately no more than 2 hours in each topic. At the end of each quarter, a separate assessment of the theoretical preparation of the section "Fundamentals of knowledge on physical culture" and the theoretical material covered by topics is necessarily an estimate.

Evaluation of knowledge in grades 5-11 is recorded in the journal in a separate column "OZ". Knowledge control can be performed orally or writing.

When studying the section "Basics of Knowledge of Physical Culture", we recommend using a notebook in the lessons. In notebooks can be reflected a schoolboy's health diary, which he behaves independently. To form students' knowledge, modern pedagogical technologies become relevant such as: computer (information) training technologies, project learning technology, training technologies. We draw your attention to the need to use textbooks, in physical culture, which are presented in the list of recommended literature, electronic versions are on Internet resources.

Activity component Includes the themes of the basic and variable part.

The basic part in all classes includes the topic "Monitoring of physical development" (IFR) and themes on the study of basic sports.

When determining the level of physical fitness, the teacher must use the results table without taking into account the dynamics of development.

Diagnostic exercises other than levels have a balm assessment scale, which makes it possible in April-May the teacher to evaluate the student, except 1-4 classes, taking into account the growth rate of its indicators of physical fitness. The topic "Monitoring of physical development" in September is not estimated. An assessment for the topic is set in May in accordance with the criteria for estimation on physical culture.

Basic themes are mandatory for study. The basic part includes topics:

10-11 Class - "Gymnastics", "Athletics", "Tourism", "Sports Games" (two types of choice of a teacher from 4: Football, handball, basketball, volleyball, taking into account the material and technical base and student interests), "Organization of active leisure."

When selecting sports games, it is necessary to take into account that, for the formation of skills and skills, it is necessary to conduct classes on selected basic sports at least 3 years.

Studying a variable topic, when the year of study does not comply with the class of learning (for example, in grade 9, the theme of martial arts is studied, the first year of study), the teacher must independently adjust the content of the variable theme and control standards, taking into account the physical fitness and the psychological age characteristics of students.

Gaming activity, as a means of learning and improving the motor training of junior schoolchildren, is the most productive direction of the educational process in the modern method of physical education. This circumstance is due to the fact that the features of the development and functioning of the basic systems of the body of young children are most adapted to the game activity.

In 1-4 classes in each lesson of physical culture, it is necessary to include the game activity of students. When using moving games and game tasks in the lessons, the following tasks are solved:

development of coordination (accurate reproduction of spatial, temporary and silets characteristics movements, preservation of equilibrium, fast and timely response to changing situations, consistency of simultaneous and consecutive movements by various parts of the body, reproduction of the tempo and rhythm of movements) and conditioned (high-speed, power, speed-power, total endurance, flexibility) abilities.
consolidation and improvement of motor skills, skills and studied ways of activity;

Games must be seamless taking into account the topic studied to secure the elements learned.

Due to the increased emotional activity of children during games, it is necessary to strictly regulate the load during their conduct at the expense of:

holding games with short-term interruptions that enable students to restore their strength, reduce heart rate to optimal values \u200b\u200b(110 - 120 ° C.);
increase or decrease the number of repetitions of the game or individual episodes;
increase or decrease time ongame;
elongation or reduction of distances, size of a plot for the game;
increase or reduce the number of playing in the team and others;
increasing the number of obstacles, reduce or increase weight and the number of transmitted items.

The physical activity during the game needs to be tracking on visual features: the skin of the face, the respiratory rate, coordination of movements, sweating, facial expressions, well-being.

Control and verbal estimate in the younger school ageapplied Thus, in order to stimulate the desire of a student to their personal physical improvement and self-determination, improving the results, an increase in activity, joy from exercise.

In the period from 01.09 to 01.10 of the school year, with the aim of adapting students to loads in the lessons of physical culture, the reception of control training standards is not carried out, the basic topic "Monitoring of physical development and physical fitness" is implemented through 6 functional samples (indexes), and classes are recreational and wellness Character with moderate loads.

Anatomy physiological and psychological features of young men and girls require a different approach to the organization of classes, selection of funds and methods of teaching motoraction and raising physical qualitiesdosage of exercise .

Special attention also requires sport-gifted students who are engaged in sports sections, circles, participate in sports competitions and sports and sports schools. For these students, it is necessary to select special forms of methods, means and exercises that will enable the opportunity to improve their physical development and their sports results. It will be advisable to maintain links with the coaches of these students to bring a schoolboy to the desired sporting result. Pupils should receive a sufficient burden on the lessons of physical culture, but there should be no overload (transition), taking into account their sports activities. Sport-gifted students need to be involved in the physical culture in the student Olympiad and prepare, starting from the 9-10th grade.

Sports profiles give the prospects to be trained in universities where it is an important component of physical training. The knowledge gained enable students to use them also in everyday life.

Evaluation of academic performance should be mainly fromqualitative criteria assessments of the level of student achievements, which include: the quality of mastering software,including theoretical and methodological knowledge, methods of motor, physical recovery and sports activities, as well as from quantitative indicators achieved in motor actions.

In order to correctly and accurately assess the level of physical fitness of students, indicative control standards to the teacher should take into account two indicators. The first is the initial level of preparedness in accordance with the program of physical education. The second is the changes in the indicators of physical fitness for a certain period of time. For this, the initial level can be determined by conducting the control standards at the beginning of the topic that is planned at the end of the topic when creating identical conditions. Evaluating the positive changes in certain qualities, the teacher must take into account the features of the development of individual motor abilities, the dynamics of their change in children of a certain age, the original level. This uses the formula for calculating the growth rate of physical qualities, author A.G. Trucin. If the increase is 10-15%, 1 ball is added to the evaluation of the student's result, and in the event of an increase of more than 15%, 2 bala is added to the student's result.

One of the directions of physical education work is extracurricular and out-of-school work, extracurricular physical culture and wellness and sports work affects the entire pedagogical team. In the preparation of physical education and wellness or fitness and sporting events, the school director (since it should directly manage physical education in the general education organization) makes an order in which the duties of the pedagogical team, public organizations (by agreement), parents, and students, on the organization and conduct are distributed activity. Extracurricular work includes: Physical and wellness and sports events (physical education holidays, tournaments, sports events, competitions, day of health, Olympic week), training teams to participate in competitions, work with the school's sports assets, a circle, sectional work, which provides for Additional payment for hours on the circles. Extracurricular work complements the mandatory educational component, taking into account the individual motives of interest and the needs, natural abilities and the health of students.It is impossible, students, to allow for classes in circles, sections of the sports direction without a certificate of a doctor in which a permit for classes in a sports club, sections.

According to new republican state educational standards, new software requirements dictate a new approach to planning the educational process in physical culture. Teacher of physical culture According to an explanatory note of the program on physical culture, grades 5-11 should first of all, decide on the distribution of the watches of the variable part, taking into account: the availability of the material and technical base, regional sports traditions desire for students. The second step of the teacher of physical culture is the preparation of planning. The features of the planning of the annual plan are that in the plan separately determines the themes of the basic and variable part of the program together with the number of hours in the variable part of the program, it is noted what the topic is taken or on what the scope of the clock is redistributed when the variative of the study is prescribed, because the teacher is prescribed Maybe each year choose various themes. If necessary, within the framework of one variational theme, it is possible to master the training material provided for two years of study.

In the event of the development of two years of a variable topic for one academic year and in the case when the year of studying the variable topic does not correspond to the class of learning (for example, the martial arts module is studied in the 10th grade, the teacher must correct the content of the variable theme and valuation standards .

For example:

Table 1

Plan-schedule for physical culture for students of the 5th grades for 2015/2016 uch. year

p / P.	Type of software	Clock	I quarter №№ Lesson 1–27	II quarter №№ Lesson 28–48	IIII quarter №№ Lesson 49–78	IY quarter №№ Lesson 79–102
	Basic part
		In the course of the lesson or no more than 2 hours in the subject
	Gymnastics				49-61
	Athletics		4-11			86-93
	Sports games football			28-47
	Sports Games Volleyball *		12-27
	Tourism				62-75
	Monitoring physical development					94-102
	Variable component
	Florolball				76-78	79-85
	Sports Games Volleyball *
	Total	102 + 3 (Watch Reserve)
* The clock is redistributed to the base part

An example of a graphic calendar plan:

Calendar Plan-schedule of the distribution of educational material
On the third quarter-quarter of the 2015-2016 academic year for __5 ___ class

p / P.	Theme and content of the program	Clock	Numbers, date of lessons


	VOLLEYBALL
	Basics of knowledge of physical culture

	Special physical training

	Training volleyball elements:
		Oh, I.
	Educational game Movable game, relay
	Homework
	Floor pressing

O-acquaintance; And study; Z-secure; P-repeat; C-control.

Block Abstract lessons No. 11-18 for young men10 cl.

Topic: Volleyball

Goal: ____________________________________________________________

Tasks:

Didactic;

Wellness;

Educational;

Developing.

Applied

Location: gym

Inventory: Stopwatch, whistle, volleyball balls, volleyball mesh, didactic materials.

Stroke lesson

Part of the lesson			Room, Date, Lesson, Load Dosage

			1.11	3.11
Preparatory 10-12 min.	Building, greeting		min.	min.	min.	min.	min.	min.	min.	min.
Preparatory 10-12 min.	Check CSS for 15 seconds.		30s
The main part of 28-32 minutes.		SMG works on cards	3 min.
			8 r.
			5 M.
	Check the heart rate for 30 seconds.	In students, whose pulses did not recover after the restoration exercises after 3 minutes. re-check the heart rate	1 min.

Example Abstract Plan:

Plan Abstract lesson № _____ for students ____ CL. date_______

Topic: _________

Goal: __________________________________________________________________

Tasks:

Didactic;

Wellness;

Educational;

Developing.

Applied

Location: ___________________________________

Inventory: ___________________________________________________________

During the classes

Part of the lesson		Dosage	Organizational and methodical instructions
Preparatory 10-12 min.	Building, greeting	1 min.	Pay attention to the readiness of students to the lesson. Ask the well-being acumen
	Check CSS for 15 seconds.	30s	Pupils with increased heart rate give individual tasks to restore physical condition
The main part of 28-32 minutes.		3 min.	SMG works on cards
		8 r.
		5 M.
Final part 3-5 min.	Check the heart rate for 30 seconds.	1 min.	Students who have no pulse recovered after recovery exercises after 3 min. re-check the heart rate

The dosage of the load is determined by: S.-seconds, min. Minutes, R. - by the number of times, M. - meters.

In order to improve work on supporting the teaching of the subject "Physical Culture", we recommend methodical services:

introduce teachers with a new regulatory framework;
help teachers get acquainted and analyze the methodological recommendations on the subject of "Physical Culture";
pay attention to the forms of extracurricular work;
assist teachers in preparing for professional competitions;
organize creative groups on issues of solving problems of physical culture;
introduce advanced pedagogical experience in teaching physical culture in general education organizations;
direct the activities of teachers of physical culture on a creative search in the "Health and Physical Culture" industry.

creation in general education organizations to promote the formation, strengthening and preservation of physical and mental health with students in physical culture and sports;
ensuring medical and pedagogical control on the organization of physical education of general education organizations in accordance with sanitary standards;
ensuring the effectiveness of organizing the motor activity of students, taking into account their age, psychophysiological, individual characteristics,physical development, and the mode of work of the school;
the organization of the sectional and circle work of physical education and recovery in the educational institution, persons who have a special education.
organization of additional classes with students attributed to a special medical group in medical institutions;
organization of profile classes of the industry "Health and Physical Culture";
organization of class 1 in September October in the gym;
system of explanatory work among parents about the need to control the real state of children's health;
holding working with a pedagogical team to prevent harmful habits and conducting a healthy lifestyle.

universal learning actions to conduct a healthy lifestyle;
physical education of students of a special medical group;
formation of motivation relative to a healthy lifestyle and exercise;
dosing physical exertion;
ensuring a differentiated and individual approach to students in organizing an educational process, taking into account age, psychophysiological, individual characteristics, peculiarities of physical development and gender;
evaluation of knowledge of students in physical culture lessons
formation of students of insurance and self-insurance regulations, control of the physical condition of the body;
repetition of life safety at each physical culture lesson when performing various exercise;
conducting instructions in organizing physical cultural events, competitions, etc.;
organization of work with physical assets
special training before each credit exercise (not less than two classes);
conducting a workout before passing the standard, and after - restorative exercises;
conducting the school stage of the student Olympiad in physical culture.

"Physical culture for students

With weakened health "

Based on the experience of working with students who have rejected health, recommendations on the organization, content and methods of conducting classes in a special medical group are given.

To provide practical and methodological assistance to teachers of physical education, an approximate curriculum is offered, complexes of general array exercises and morning gymnastics, complexes of exercise for certain diseases.

In order to control and self-controlling the physical culture, a methodology for assessing physical development and a functional state is given.

CONTENT

Introduction

Organization and content of classes in physical culture in a special medical group

Working program on the discipline "Physical Culture" for a special medical group

Molding exercises - means of health promotion, restoration and improvement

Methods of determining the individual level of physical development and functional state of the body.

application

List of references

Introduction

In the modern Russian education system many problems. But the problem of moral and physical health young generation, the formation of a healthy lifestyle without exaggeration can be called the number one problem.

It is no coincidence that at this historical stage - this problem is solved on state level. The government and the Duma take laws on the development of physical culture and sports, to raise a healthy generation.

Especially causes fear of children and adolescents. According to the Ministry of Health of Russia, only 14% of children are practically healthy, 50% have functional deviations. 35-40% - chronic diseases. And for the period of training at school and in educational institutions, the health of adolescents and young people deteriorates sharply.

Among the student of young people, 30% have various deviations in a state of health, temporary or permanent disease. It is no secret that the number of these students from year to year is steadily increasing. And I am sure that these young people have exercise are needed even more than their healthy peers. Since mostly all of them have a weak physical development, often sick, are committed to harmful habits.

In this regard, it is very important to increase efficiency in the activities of special medical groups (SMG). Classes in these groups contribute to health promotion, involvement of scientific and physical education in physical environmental practices, propaganda of a healthy lifestyle.

Practice shows that the work of SMG's work in educational institutions is still seriously lagging behind the requirements of time. Many teachers who do not have a sufficiently necessary level of knowledge about the organization and methods of SMG activities, manifest passivity and inertia in this important work, erroneously reading it only with additional load.

Meanwhile, a primary role in solving complex methodological problems belongs to the physical education teacher. The process of physical education of weakened students is very complicated. Only with deep understanding of all composite process can be effectively and correctly used to use all available opportunities for successful work with this contingent. Now it is especially necessary to update the forms and methods of this work, the decisive overcoming of inertia, stagnation and conservatism.

The proposed allowance is devoted to the description of the main organizational and pedagogical and methodological aspects of the work of a physical education teacher with students who have deviations in a state of health. The specific experience of the author is reflected, which believes that the present allowance will be useful for teachers of educational institutions engaged in students in a special medical department.

Keywords: health, oversized exercises, physical development, education of physical qualities, functional state, gymnastics for students with weakened health.

Organization and content of classes in physical culture in a special medical group

The SMG includes persons with deviations in a state of health status of a temporary or constant character, requiring restrictions on physical exertion. The recruitment of SMG is carried out by a educational doctor with the obligatory participation of the head of physical education and is approved by the Director.

Students related to SMG are engaged in a separate schedule for at least 2-4 hours per week. Educational groups of 12-18 people are created for classes with these students.

Objectives and objectives of the classes:

Health promotion, improvement of physical development, hardening the body;

Expanding the range of functionality of the basic physiological systems of the body;

Improving mental and physical performance;

Increase the protective forces of the body and its resistance;

Mastering the main motor skills and skills;

Education of interest in regular exercise and moral and volitional qualities;

Promotion of healthy lifestyles.

The physical education of UMG students has its own specifics. Along with general educational tasks in the process of occupation, the issues of improving and strengthening the body involved are occupied.

The leading principle in working with students of the SMG is a differentiated approach, dosing by load taking into account individual characteristics.

Before each lesson, the heart rate (heart rate) is determined. If the heart rate is above 84 ° C. / min., These students are engaged in well-being with reduced load.

For students with deviations from the cardiovascular system, the exercises are contraindicated, the execution of the respiration and the outset, with a sharp acceleration of the pace, with static voltage.

Students with respiratory disease (chronic bronchitis, lung inflammation, bronchial asthma etc.) contraindicated exercises that cause breathing delay, outrunning.

In the diseases of the kidneys (jade, pyelonephritis, nephrisosis), the physical activity is significantly reduced, jumps are excluded, the body is suspended.

With impaired nervous system, the exercises causing nervous overvoltage are limited, the game time is limited.

In case of diseases of the organs of vision, jumping, squabbles, exercises with a fitting, racks on hand and head are excluded.

In chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, gallbladder, the liver decreases the load on the muscles of the abdominal press, jumps are limited.

The scheme of building a classes in SMG in principle does not differ from the usual physical education classes, but has a number of fundamental features.

The introductory part includes overall exercises, which are advisable to carry out in a slow and average pace, necessarily alternating with breathing exercises. The load should increase gradually on the basis of flexible and rational use of funds and exercises ensuring the preparation of all organs and systems for the implementation of the main part. In the introductory part should include elements such as building, explanation of classes of classes. Counting the pulse, walking in different pace and direction, slow run, complex of breathing exercises, exercises with various objects (balls, gymnastic sticks, rope), exercises on a gymnastic bench or a gymnastic wall.

In the main part, students are mastered by the main engine skills, they receive a certain physical activity and emotional stress. The tasks of the overall development of the muscular system, the formation of the correct posture, improving the coordination of movements, the development of basic physical qualities and mastering engine skills. Funds are general arraying and special exercises, the circle of these funds should be wide and diverse.

In this case, the selection and alternation of exercises, dosage of the load, organization of sanitary and hygienic conditions takes great importance. Exercises for flexibility and strength can occupy a different place depending on the type of lesson and its tasks.

Exercises on speed and coordination should be given at the beginning of the main part. And exercises giving a large general load (game, etc.) and causing emotional overvoltage, it is more expedient to use at the end of the main part. To remove the fat, and this is very important, the use of exercises for relaxation is recommended between performing various exercises.

In the final part, it is necessary to create conditions in order to restore the forces, remove fatigue and summarize. In this part, it is recommended to use simple, simple exercises for individual parts of the body, various types of walking, calm dance steps, exercises for relaxation and breathing, on the formation of the right posture and necessarily a rest sitting.

The lesson should be emotional and aesthetically decorated. It should give engaged joy, vigor and aesthetic pleasure. They must feel healthy and forget about their illnesses. As practice shows, it is advisable to include moving games, elements of dancing and aerobics, use music, diverse sports Equipment and simulators.

Two years ago I spent public lesson with students of special medical groups for teachers of physical culture of our republic. The lesson was approved and received a positive assessment. Of personal experience I can offer the following structure and lesson content. Typically, the occupation begins with the construction of students from the gymnastic wall, checking the pulse. Next, exercises are carried out on the formation of proper posture: walking with a bag on the head with a different position of hands, generalizing exercises in pairs or with various objects (gymnastic sticks, small balls, rope, etc.)

In the main part of the lesson, the development of forcefulness is underway, students perform exercises for muscles of the back and abdomen, the coordination of movements is improved, the skills of the correct posture are fixed. A variety of exercises for the muscles of the body, the upper and lower limbs are performed in different initial positions: standing, sitting, including in the vessels on the gymnastic wall. Special correction exercises are included. At the end of the main part of the lesson, various opposing games are held, relay, elements of sports games.

In the final part, the physical activity is gradually decreasing. Exercises are given to flexibility, relaxation and breathing, the pulse is checked.

Motor mode is recommended at a pulse frequency 120-130 Д. / min. At the beginning of the school year and gradually bring up to 140-150 wt. / min. (in the main part of the lesson). Movement mode at a pulse frequency 130-150 Д. / min. The most optimal for the cardiorespiratory system in the conditions of aerobic power supply and gives a good training effect.

In indispensable conditions when conducting classes with this contingent, students are pedagogical control.

The teacher must follow the intensity of the given loads and not allow the appearance of signs of fatigue (sweating, redness of the skin etc.). Used loads should cause a sense of fatigue. The criterion for the correctness of the load dosing is the change in the pulse.

Control over the level of physical fitness and functional state of the body of students is carried out with the help of special tests at the beginning and at the end of each academic year

An important value is the style of conducting a teacher's work. It takes a sensitive, attentive, benevolent attitude towards a high professional skill, the ability to instill interest in regular physical education. Any breakdown, rudeness or simply the tactlessness of the teacher has a negative impact, create neuro-psychological and physical overload.

To increase the volume of motor activity, improving physical fitness and strengthening the health of students in the form of independent work, the following approximate complexes of physical exercise are proposed:

Approximate complex Morning gymnastics (Appendix No. 1)

Exemplary Command Communication, Health Gymnastics (Appendix No. 2)

Wellness complexes physical exercises on various diseases (Appendix number 3)

Approximate control exercises for evaluating physical qualities

1. Forces and speed-force qualities

Flexing and straightening hands in the stop lying on the floor (young men)

Flexing and straightening hands in the stop on the bench (girls)

Lifting the body from the position lying on the back, hands behind the head, legs are fixed (girls)

Long jump

2. speed - no 30 meters, 60 meters

3. Endurance - 10-minute run

4. Dexterities - throwing a tennis ball in target, throwing a basketball ball in the basket.

5. Flexibility - standing on a gymnastic bench, tilt forward (distance in centimeters plane support).

Out-of-hand exercises - means of strengthening health, restoration and improving performance.

Out-of-hand exercises (yoke) are the main means in the classroom of the Special Medical Group. Oru, as a rule, are used for the comprehensive development of physical fitness involved. Depending on the decree of the goals and objectives, the workout classes can be directed to the preparation of the body of students for the upcoming work, the improvement of various functional systems, correcting the deficiencies of the physique and the formation of proper posture. Thus, the engine can be used in all parts of the lesson. They can be performed without objects, in pairs, with objects (gymnastic sticks, stuffed balls, dumbbells, rope, on the gymnastic wall and bench on simulators).

As a fundamental factor in the formation of posture, the muscles of the entire body strengthen the muscles and promote proper position spinal column. At the same time, having a beneficial effect on the formation of the musculoskeletal system, the engine serves as an excellent means of developing cardiovascular and respiratory systems, strengthening the diaphragm, intercostal muscles and the abdominal muscles.

Exercises with objects are well developed coordination and develop all physical qualities. Having a large range of diversity and difficulty, exercises with objects are available and attractive to all engaged.

Depending on the pedagogical orientation, all rockers are divided into exercises for the development of forces, flexibility, speed, endurance, coordination and accuracy of movements, ability to strain and relax individual muscle groups to form a correct posture.

In recent years, such non-traditional exercises such as rhythmic and athletic gymnastics, shaping, step-aerobics, breathing gymnastics, hahatha-yoga, wushu, etc. have received recognition. The widespread use of elements of these types of gymnastics contribute to the diversity of classes and are of great interest in engaged in what, in turn, is positively reflected in the attendance of classes.

For use in classes, we bring to your attention a few diverse complexes.

Methods for determining the individual level of physical development and functional state

To improve the efficiency of health and creative use of the principle of a differentiated approach, dosing the load, taking into account the individual characteristics of those involved, the teacher must have specific data on the level of physical development and the functional state of the body of each involved.

For this purpose, everyone engaged in SMG at the beginning and by the end of the year they are examined.

Individual assessment of physical development is based on anthropometric dimensions:

1. Growth (standing, sitting in cm)

2. body weight (kg)

3. Chest Circle (cm)

4. The life capacity of the lungs (faced) is measured by a spirometer in meters (a good indicator for girls - 3 l., Yunows - 4-4.5 l).

5. The power of the muscles of the cell, is measured by a dynamometer in kg (a good indicator for girls - 30 kg, boys - 45 kg)

6. Ranged force (girls - 95 kg, boys - 155 kg). Using these measurements, anthropometric indexes are used to evaluate physical development.

1. Refuge index \u003d body weight (g) / growth standing (cm) \u003d

A good assessment is within:

Girls - 360-405 g / cm

Boys - 380-415 g / cm

2. Life index \u003d jack (ml) / weight thale (kg) \u003d

Good rating: Girls - 55-60 ml / g

boys - 65-70 ml / g

3. Power index \u003d (Power (kg) / body weight (kg)) * 100 \u003d

Good rating: Girls - 48-50%

boys - 65-80%

4. Proportionality ratio \u003d (x 1 -H. 2 / H. 2 )*100

h. 1 - Standing growth (cm)

h. 2 - Growth sitting) cm)

Normally kp \u003d 87-92%

chest development growth standing (cm)

The norm for girls and boys - 50-55%

Functional state The body or training is determined by morphological and functional changes reflecting the condition of individual organism systems (cardiovascular, respiratory, nervous). To properly evaluate the degree of training, it is necessary to use one or another method not only to the state of rest, but also during exercise.

The simplest method is to determine how physical exercises On the state of the cardiovascular system is the calculation of the pulse and measuring blood pressure.

Normal pulse at rest 60-78 wt. / Min. Arterial pressure maximum - 100-100 mm

minimum - 60-80 mm

The less often heart blows and the lower level of blood pressure and the faster these indicators come to the norm after determining the physical activity, the higher the extent of the body's training. The body's training is determined using functional samples.