When riding a bike, there is no iron box around you, like when riding a car, and you are exposed to the wind and other weather conditions. When riding a bike, there is no heavy steel body under you, like when riding a motorcycle, and you just fly above the ground. Speed \u200b\u200bin such conditions is felt as fully as possible.
Many novice cyclists overestimate the speed at which they ride. Noticing the numbers 25-30 km / h on the computer, many people think that they most often move with this speed, and this is the average speed. But this is not so, only an experienced cyclist can maintain such a speed, and athletes are also capable of unimaginable records.
Bicycle speed records
The maximum speed at the velodrome is 51.151 km / h. In a race on a track in Mexico City, Italian athlete Francesco Moser in 1984 covered a distance of 51,151 km in one hour. This result is considered a record for speed and endurance. As the record holder himself admitted in 1999, he was helped by blood doping, which at that time was not prohibited, to maintain a high speed and not slow down the pace for a second.
when installed on a bicycle aerodynamic fairing - 133.78 km / h. This world record was set by 26-year-old Dutchman Sebastian Bowyer in 2013 at a distance of 200 meters. The athlete was lying on his back, this bike has pedals installed in the front, and the velomobile itself is completely enclosed by an ultralight carbon fiber fairing. This velomobile was jointly built by students from the Free University of Amsterdam and the Delft University of Technology.
Maximum speed in a straight line, when hiding the bike in an air bag - 268.83 km / h. This absolute speed record on a bicycle was set by 50-year-old accomplished athlete Fred Rompelberg from the Netherlands in 1995. Such a result was achieved on a flat surface of a dried-up salt lake in Utah (Bonneville Salt Plain), and only by following the bicycle in front of a moving racing car, the large fairing of which protected the cyclist from the incoming air stream. Of course, a special bicycle was built that cannot be ridden under normal conditions.
The maximum speed at is 222 km / h. This speed record was set on a mountain bike (mountain bike) by the Frenchman Eric Baron in 2000 on a run-in ice ski slope in the French Alps. To set this speed limit, a bike was built with improved aerodynamics, but with a shock-absorbed fork and rear suspension. The athlete himself was dressed in an aerodynamic rigid spacesuit. In 2002, Eric Baron, already on the dry gravel slope of the Sierra Negro volcano in Nicaragua, was able to accelerate to 210.4 km / h. Having passed about 400 meters, the bicycle under the daredevil, due to the unbearable load on the frame, was torn into two parts. Eric Baron suffered a severe hip fracture, dislocation of the left shoulder and cervical spine, numerous bruises and cuts, but the athlete survived thanks to a helmet and protective suit.
Maximum average speed on road bike is 41.654 km / h. American road racer Lance Armstrong in 2005 was able to keep such speed at the Tour de France distance. On descents from the mountains, the participants of this competition develop a speed close to 90 km / h.
Opportunities for an untrained cyclist
Hard-to-reach records inspire any athlete, and it is much more interesting for an ordinary person who sometimes goes on a bike ride to find out how fast one can move on ordinary roads without taking part in competitions.
To measure speed on a bicycle, not so long ago - fifteen to twenty years ago, large, heavy and unreliable mechanical speedometers were installed. Today everyone can afford to buy a miniature electronic cycling computer, which, in addition to the current speed and total mileage, displays the average speed, maximum speed, route length, pace per minute, calorie consumption, travel time, and other useful information in more expensive models.
The average cyclist on a modern mountain bike can easily maintain an average speed of 18-20 km / h on the highway without undue effort, covering 10 km in 30 minutes. The same cyclist on a road bike can move at an average speed of 20-25 km / h on a straight paved road, covering 10 km in 25 minutes. The rider's gender is not critical at these speeds. The average cyclist is a person who rides about 20-50 hours a month or 1-2 hours a day.
At short distances of about 10 km, everyone can develop an average speed of 18 km / h, including adolescents from 12-14 years old. A more experienced cyclist, who travels more than one thousand kilometers a year, will cover the same distance twice as fast. He has higher physical strength, better riding technique and, as a rule, a better bike. Such people, thanks to trained endurance, can maintain a speed of about 30 km / h, at a distance of 100 km on the highway. The average cyclist rarely travels such distances, or does not travel at all.
In urban conditions, it is necessary: \u200b\u200bto bypass stopped cars and public transport, stop at intersections and crossings, slow down before entering bends and in front of pedestrians, so the average speed of a cyclist in a city is always lower than on a highway, by about 5-10 km / h.
Although you can ride a road bike faster on tarmac than a mountain bike, it cannot be recommended for city trips. The biker sits low on the road bike and has poor visibility, and it is impossible to stop emergency on such a bike without a skid. A mountain bike, although slower than a road bike when driving on hard surfaces, is more preferable for city cycling. The mountain bike is very easy to maneuver thanks to the wide handlebars, and the excellent grip of the wide tires on the asphalt will instantly freeze in place.
When riding on rough terrain, even on a mountain bike, it is impossible to reach a maximum speed of 30 km / h. Since outside the asphalt on the way there are often pits, bumps, sand, when passing through which the speed will significantly decrease. When riding a mountain bike on a forest road, the average speed is usually 15 km / h.
On the other hand, a road bike, with a thinner tire and a greater weight distribution over front wheelis actually not suitable for riding in the forest. The average speed of a road bike when riding on sand, fallen leaves, and snow will be 5-8 km / h. When trying to tackle deep sand or snow on a road bike, the front wheel will skid or bump into the squeezed sand and the rider may be catapulted through the handlebars. In addition, when cycling without shock absorbers on a gravel or tracked road, fatigue very quickly accumulates, due to blows to the hands and spine.
Factors affecting travel speed
Cyclist training level
The speed of movement depends most of all on physical strength and the stamina of the rider. Rider experience influences riding speed more than the choice of bike type. On the highway, the experienced mountain bike rider will be able to keep the novice road bike rider on the trail while maintaining a higher speed even uphill.
Oncoming air resistance
At speeds of 25-27 km / h, air resistance significantly slows down the movement of the bike. If a headwind is blowing, it becomes difficult to move at a speed of 10-15 km / h. On a mountain bike with a wide and high handlebar, and especially with a low saddle, it is much harder to pedal at 30 km / h than on a road bike. The road bike has a special detail - a narrow handlebar with a lower grip (ram horns). If there is a significant amount of headwind resistance, the road bike rider can bend over to the handlebars, grabbing the handlebars at the bottom of the arc, thus significantly reducing the load.
You can completely get rid of the pressure of the oncoming air only by driving into an air bag, under the protection of a bus or truck in front. But it is very dangerous to sit behind a bus or a truck, as they can brake or turn sharply when going around a pit.
Rolling resistance
This opposition is especially felt at the beginning of the movement. It takes more energy to accelerate from a standstill, both for the cyclist and for the car engine. After the start of the movement, the rolling resistance has less effect on the amount of effort required for acceleration. With an increase in the speed of movement, this opposition gradually decreases.
The increase in friction between the tire and the road primarily increases the rolling resistance value. A narrow tire that has pressed through soft ground is difficult to tear off the ground. A tire with a wide tread will rub excessively against hard asphalt surfaces and will wear out quickly. Therefore, you should choose tires according to the width, area and tread depth, taking into account the roads on which you will ride your bike.
The chamber pressure significantly affects the friction between the tire and the road. The more the camera is pumped up, the easier the wheel rolls on asphalt and hard ground. To facilitate driving on gravel, sand, mud, snow, it is recommended to lower the pressure in the chambers.
Heavy weight a bicycle greatly increases the rolling resistance value. Accelerate and push uphill heavy mountain bike always harder than the lighter road bike.
Increasing the wheel diameter decreases the rolling resistance. A bicycle for adults coasting much longer in a straight line than a bicycle for children. In addition, a large wheel can more easily overcome bumps in the road, rolling over small holes.
Friction in transmission mechanisms
An unlubricated or dirty chain, as well as worn bushings and bottom bracket, will certainly slow down the bike speed. If you strive to achieve high speed, then you need to buy expensive bushings and carriage mechanism, and further monitor the state of their lubrication.
Shock absorbers on a bike, especially those that are too soft, slow down on smooth asphalt. But they turn out to be indispensable when overcoming road sections with small irregularities. The cushioned fork turns out to be irreplaceable when driving around the city, while the rear suspension can be omitted.
In general, it is not worth sticking to the above average speeds strongly, especially the maximum ones. You should ride your bike at a speed that is comfortable for you and enjoy the ride.
Let's start with the average figures obtained by analyzing statistical data and based on running standards ... There are four main speeds here.
44 km / h
- maximum possible running speed of a person, speed record.
30 km / h
- average running speed of a trained person at a short distance (100m - 400m).
20 km / h
is the average running speed of a trained person on middle distance (800m - 3km).
16 km / h
- the average running speed of a trained person at a long distance (10 km - 42 km).
Comment:
All conclusions are made for men, for women the speed indicators will be lower.
Table of running speeds at various distances, depending on the category of the athlete
| Distance | 3rd rank, speed (km / h) |
1 rank, speed (km / h) |
MSMK, speed (km / h) |
| 100m | 29 | 32,4 | 34,8 |
| 400m | 25 | 27,8 | 31,4 |
| 1000m | 20 | 23,2 | 26 |
| 3km | 17,4 | 20,2 | 22,9 |
| 10km | 16 | 18,5 | 21,2 |
| 21,1km | 15,6 | 17,7 | 20,3 |
| 42.2km | - | 16,1 | 19 |
Supplement # 1:
It should be noted here that these numbers do not mean the average speed of a person's running, but the average maximum speed. That is, in normal training conditions, athletes run 10-30% slower than their maximum speed (depending on the type of training). Namely, this very maximum running speed is taken into account by us in a diagram based on sports running norms.
Supplement # 2:
The second note concerns short sprint distances (100m - 400m). The important point here is that the maximum speed is gained gradually. If you take a hundred-meter distance, then the first 10m segment will run in 1.83 seconds, which is only 19.6 km / h. The second segment (10m-20m) is already in 1.03 s - and this is already 35.1 km / h. By about the fifth - seventh intervals (50m-70m), the record holders reach their maximum running speed.
Some conclusions from the table with the diagram:
1. 44km / h is the fastest running speed recorded so far. The owner of this record is Usain Bolt - in 2009 he ran the 100m in 9.58 seconds (average 37 km / h, and he developed peak speed to 60-70 meters at 43.9 km / h). And this is running in ideal conditions, and at a very short distance.
2. Even elite athletes are not able to develop a running speed of more 44km / h.
3. The vast majority of trained people are able to run at a speed 20km / h, but not more than one kilometer.
4. The average speed of a trained person in long-distance running (10 km, 21 km, 42 km) will be about 15-18km / h... Elite Athletes Run Faster: 19-21km / h.
The reasons why the bicycle, as a mode of transport, occupies one of the leading places in the world, are:
- economical;
- fast enough;
- good for your health;
- environmentally friendly;
- and just cool.
However, many are wondering what speed a cyclist can reach in various conditions? Regardless of the reasons, we will try to answer this question and deal with the factors that affect the speed of movement.
Speed \u200b\u200btest
Other types are not intended for fast driving, so they are not included in the comparison. For interest, let's add the indicators of the electric bike. Also read and make no mistake with your choice.
Test conditions: distance 15 km; asphalt road good quality, without sudden changes; air temperature 22 degrees Celsius, weak crosswind 3-5 m / s. Subjects: Men and women between the ages of 25 and 35, cycling for 1-2 hours daily.
Results:
- electric bike - 25-30 km / h;
- highway - 21-25 km / h;
- tourist - 20-23 km / h;
- hybrid - 19-21 km / h;
- mountain - 18-20 km / h;
- city \u200b\u200b- 15-17 km / h.
An e-bike could have done better, but its ride speed is limited by the controller. For touring bikes equipped with cycling backpacks, the optimum speed is 17 km / h.
City
Urban riding conditions negate the speed characteristics of different types of bicycles due to the need for frequent maneuvering and overcoming obstacles. Bicycle speed in the city is 15-18 km / h.
It is also interesting that in the conditions of megalopolises, at distances of up to 5 km, a bicycle is "faster" than other types of transport. At distances of 5-10 km, its average speed is comparable to that of a car. Plus, the cyclist has the opportunity to move not only along the carriageway, but to make his own route through the park or courtyard areas.
Professionals
Experienced athletes are able to cover distances of 100 kilometers, moving at an average speed of about 30 km / h. So Rui Costa (winner of the 242 km group race) in 2013 covered the distance at an average speed of 36 km / h.
For example, let us give the norms for obtaining the categories of cycling-highway in the discipline " individual race for a while "(RUSSIA):
| Rank / rank | Distance (km) | Time (minutes) | Average speed (km / h) |
| MSMK men | 50 | 64 | 46,88 |
| MSMK women | 25 | 35,5 | 42,25 |
| MC men | 25 | 33 | 45,46 |
| MC women | 25 | 37,5 | 40 |
| CCM men | 25 | 35,5 | 42,25 |
| CCM women | 25 | 40 | 37,5 |
A bit of history
According to the TRP standards in the USSR, in order to receive a gold badge, it was necessary to ride a bicycle:
| Age (years) / gender | Distance (km) | Time (minutes) | Average speed (km / h) |
| 19-28 men | 20 | 43 | 27,91 |
| 18-28 women | 10 | 25 | 24 |
| 29-39 men | 20 | 46 | 26,09 |
| 29-34 women | 10 | 27 | 22,22 |
Factors Affecting Bicycle Speed
Cyclist training
Most of all, driving speed depends on the physical strength and endurance of a person. Driving technique ranks second. The rider's gender does not significantly affect travel speed.
Windage
In the absence of wind, airflow resistance problems begin at speeds of 25-27 km / h. With a headwind, movement difficulties arise at a speed of 10-15 km / h. The effect of the air flow depends on how much.
On a mountain bike, when riding high, the area of \u200b\u200bresistance to the incoming flow increases, and the ride slows down. On a road bike, thanks to the narrow handlebars with lower grip, it is possible to keep the torso in a nearly horizontal position. This allows for easier movement, due to the reduction in body area that resists the oncoming air flow.
Rolling resistance
On hard surfaces, rolling resistance is reduced due to less wheel-to-road contact. This can be achieved either by pumping wide tires strongly, or by replacing them with narrower ones.
On soft surfaces (soil or sand), the opposite is true. Wide or slightly flat tires take precedence over narrow ones.
The weight of the cyclist and the bike itself affects uphill travel, reducing average speed. Therefore, it is recommended to choose lighter bike models.
Wheel size is also not the least important. retains the force of inertia longer and overcomes unevenness of the road surface more easily, which has a positive effect on driving speed.
Friction forces
The speed of the bike reflects the technical condition of its rubbing parts. Keep the chain and bushings well lubricated and free from contamination. Too soft shock absorbers reduce speed, but add comfort when driving on uneven surfaces.
We hope that the information in this article will help you to optimally choose and configure a bike for your conditions of movement. We wish you good speeds and driving pleasure.
Running a man: what is the average speed he can develop? Running is one of the capabilities of the human body, helping it to move in space. Running speed can vary depending on desires and physical fitness a certain person. What values \u200b\u200bof average speed can people show under different conditions.
Average running speed based on gender.
IN childhood (before puberty), this indicator is almost the same in boys and girls. They develop muscles very similarly, the amount of lactic acid after exercise is identical, and the heart rate does not differ either. The value will be in the range of 9-11 km / h.
When a person grows up, there are many changes. The average speed of a woman's normal running becomes less than that of a man, due to elastic and soft muscles. Also the indicator subcutaneous fat in women it is 10% higher. That complicates the process of speed development a little, and in this case it will amount to 12-15 km / h. A man with active running will keep a value of about 15-20 km / h.
Indicators of trained runners at different distances.
- Sprint - short distance (from 60 to 400 m), respectively, the average speed will be the highest. The athlete's body is full of strength, in a short period it does not get tired, as in a longer distance, and the average indicator reaches 36 km / h.
- On average (up to 3000 m), athletes run within 20-25 km / h. They move fast enough, practically without slowing down the pace throughout the entire segment.
- On long In marathon races (up to 30 km or more), athletes distribute forces over the entire length of the distance, accelerating only towards the end. Stamina is most important here. Average value is 18-20 km / h.
The value of the indicator for health running.
Wellness jogging is a common form of physical exercise for ordinary people who are thinking about their health. It is also called jogging. It is like a shuffling run, it is. The average value is 7-9 km / h, this is an indicator slightly higher than active walking. With this movement, the load on the legs is reduced, and the risk of injury is minimal. This kind of running is popular among athletes during warm-up and recovery.
Running on the spot (also jogging) can be at a speed of about 5-7 km / h, suitable for elderly and not very trained people who are not torn for records.
Each person is capable of different achievements in his life. Also, the average speed indicators have their own deviations.