Paralympiad: In a healthy body, blind spirit. Paralympic Games

There are people in sports who are talking about falsifying athletes' diagnoses

Paralympic games started in Brazil. Officially, our team was removed from participation for the use of doping. In samples of 35 athletes found a forbidden drug. The names of the violators were not disclosed. Attempts by Russian officials to shape those who endured the decision, did not lead to anything, to refute the verdict in the court also failed.

In the meantime, we found people who believe: removed our national team at all for doping, and the policy here is also nothing to do with it.

Just every victory has a backpage of the coin. Our interlocutors who are directly related to sports disabled people believe that among the Paralympicians a lot of those in fact are a healthy athlete.

Our first interlocutor - Alexander Kachanov, President of the Rostov Regional Public Organization of Disabled Personal Sports Club.

I have long been engaged in sports blind and rehabilitation of persons with disabilities, since I myself am a disabled person on the sight of the first group, "Alexander began a conversation. - The theme of the false champs on the Paralympiad is one of the dark areas of adaptation of persons with disabilities. Healthy no longer disappear to select scant opportunities in blind. It is clear that hands in such a situation are lowered hands.

- In Soviet times, also the substitution of persons with disabilities?

In Soviet times, I had a chance to play the bombing of the Soviet Players of the USSR, to organize competitions among blind. Fucking we did not notice then.

But one day I was entrusted to the organization of fees for the USSR Championships on the Greek-Roman wrestling among the blind, which were held in Tbilisi. And here I first noticed that among the Georgian fighters were clearly attended by three elder athletes.

I personally participated in the procedure of weighing athletes and verifying documents using one of our sighted coaches. As a result, one wrestler was dropped due to the lack of a certificate of disability. The second shot after the first defeat from the blind. But the third easy, playing, defeated the strongest blind fighters, and then plunged the entire Georgian national team in his car, got behind the wheel and took them after the tournament closure. I remember, in the same wrestling hall, a portrait of this Georgian champion among healthy was hung. Then we were not alone. That's how I first encountered a deception.

- When did the flourishing of fraud begins?

In my opinion, with the advent of Lydia Abramova in 1986, which is the vice-president of the All-Russian Society of the Blind. We have repeatedly addressed her about the violation of the sports principles, but soon realized that she was not going to decide anything, just takes place.

Many can be told about the suffocation of sports blind, but back to the falseinalids. When the blind began to receive from the state of the award, many times higher than pensions, it would be possible to wait for the rise of sports of the blind in all regions. However, the policeport gave it to the deposit of the Federation of Blind - and since then has come full collapse. Since in Russia there are no normally functioning sports sections for disabled people, and it is necessary to conquer the medals, then coaches appeared who began to introduce healthy fault athletes in the national teams. They received huge money, rank, state awards, scholarships, apartments, cars, honor and respect. The possibilities of blind decreased now almost to zero ...

- Where are athletes who are ready to pretend to be disabled?

The coach finds a suitable candidate among the awesome athletes. It is desirable that a person has at least a meager island. And approximately such a conversation is underway: "You have reached the ceiling, and among the disabled people are waiting for gold, money, glory. Will pass the survey, I agree everywhere. " After the victory of such an athlete, the coach receives the title of deserved and premium - almost all the same as the ward. I heard that sometimes some coaches and individual leaders of the Sports Federation are forced the winner of the Paralympics share. Recently happened a loud scandal with deaf paralympians on this topic. But the case was hushed up.

- It turns out the falseinalid so should thank those who covered it?

- How do the admission of disabled athletes for serious competitions?

Moscow declared a special document to admit to international competitions. There are no problems with this. When I once surveyed in Tsentine, the doctor in the field was then told the representative of the CPU VSP: "You know, and you have a real disabled person of the first group of vision!" Imagine, it means that for the doctor it was rare.

On the Paralympiad, in addition to the delivery of doping samples, you need to undergo a medical commission to prove the disability?

Each national team presents special documents of the international sample. There are specialists who need to follow, check, remove and so on. But they are rarely removed, since it is difficult to seriously examine the falseinalide, even if he forgotten and found his "gift of clairvoyance". On the other hand, other prefabs are even more false indices - they are simply weaker thanmed in the sporting plan. Seriously as athletes are allocated only African athletes and individual judoists from Europe.

True, that while fraudsters take part in Paralympiad, real disabled people cannot even go to regional competitions?

This is a sore question, since not yet blinding can be champions of the Paralympic Games. Sometimes scammers use it, they say to disabled: "You show the result - and go to the Paralympiad or World Cup."

I will give the easiest example. In the Rostov region there are several strongest blind chess players of Russia, but the officials of the Maxport do not miss them even at the Russian Championship.

Last year, we achieved through the governor, so that the Marsport put in the plan the championship of the region among the blind chess players. But the sports leadership of the region did everything possible so that the blindness does not come to this event. Our organization at the last moment learned about the timing, place of holding and gathered 17 chess players. But according to the results of this regional championship, no one went anywhere. This we tried one of the most accessible sports for disabled sports something to organize something.

We are no longer talking about regular classes, halls, inventory, fees, preparatory competitions, friendly matches. There is nothing anyigue. Only in paper secrets reports appear thousands of circles, competitions, athletes ...

- You complained somewhere?

Already tired of complaining. Therefore, many blind athletes moved to the side, others began to spawn ...

- Alexander, in what kind of sport is the most false forever?

From me, famous facts can be judged about the presence of false plays in swimming, holbe, athletics, football, chess.

- Chess - not a paralympic sport, why are there to deceive?

There were monetary prizes at the Russian Championships.

"Fooling a medical examination is worth nothing."

We give publicity separate facts. As I have already reported, this falseinalide after our video The Federation of Sports of the Blind was forced to remove from the national team.

False information was accumulated for many years. The leaders of the VOS and FSS operate in strict classification, so it was very difficult to collect reliable information. But nevertheless, the prosecutor's office is inactive, does not even check the facts provided to them.

- Athletes you call, react to accusations of their address?

The richest just silent. The rest report to their superiors. Naturally, none of them responds to acute questions. They are under reliable protection. They are covered by the leadership of the Federation of Sports of Blind, coaches of these athletes and new false uniforms, which are already in line for participation in competitions. To deceive the international medical examination, they also do not stand anything. There are diseases among the blind, which are poorly studied by doctors, but lead to disability. It is such diagnoses that have most false false diseases.

- And why from year to year the same people go to the paralympiad?

Once sports are not blind in the regions and capital, the organizers of these focus and "paper" events are interested in rare rotation.

- A truly disabled is difficult to break into serious competitions?

I myself had such a case. At the Russian Championship, I scored enough points and entered the Russian national team in chess. I spent on the design of a passport, but the leadership of the Federation of Sports of the Blind crossed out my surname without any explanation. Of course, the blind is hard to compete with moays. After all, falseyints are not random people, but losers from a lot of sports, and they have sports preparation at a fairly high level.

- The blind athlete can not achieve those heights in sports that are subject to moaning?

Such in the history happened. I remember the blind fighter Rodion Nikolaev became the champion of Rostov-on-Don among healthy, but only once. The blind struggles are very correct. Hello often have stiffness. Nikolaev in the final fight broke the eyebrow, caused a few bruises, a miracle of his judge did not take it off the competition. The victory went to him not so easy. You can, of course, talk about the preparation difference, the presence of specialized halls, relevant specialists, inventory, and just initial data are very different in the patient and healthy.

True, that on the preparation of the blind athlete to competitions in the level of the championship of Russia is 8-10 years old, so it's easier to take healthy?

It rarely happens that some kind of blind to take from scratch and have been completed at least to the champion of Russia. Too many barriers. Why so strain if you can take a ready-made athlete from the sports school, which may have only any little bit of vision problems? ..

- All this for money?

Of course. Previously, there were letters and medals, rare departures abroad. But even foreign exchange did not sequel. Now the false initials receive prizes for medals, for seats, to various holidays and anniversaries, gifts, cars, apartments. The journalists represent their courageous people who won their ailments and reached heights in incredible efforts of the Spirit and connecting the reserves of the whole body ...

- Similar things began to occur when people realized that in the sport of higher achievements you can earn?

Yes exactly. Previously, the blind knew each other, often met at competitions. Many knew each other in their studies in the blind schools. Now the blind cut off apart and carefully follow that they do not receive information and could not make group appeals.

- In the national teams of other countries there is something like that?

There were such signals. But Russian leaders are interested only in their earnings and avoid friction. Therefore, they do not protect their athletes if they come across the lies, but do not give protests against violations of others.

- Judges also know?

In Russia, people with disabilities are trying to carry away from other blindness so that there are no fans, journalists. There is no announcements of such events. The judges are appointed by the leadership of the Sports Federation of Blind. For example, at the Russian chess championships among blindness among the blinds, the chairman of the organizing committee was told during registration: "You would have brought any kind of help!". And everyone was admitted to the tournament - they took the first four places exactly such falsely and received pretty good remuneration and trips to the Russian national team.

- If these facts are known, why are everyone silent?

The blind is crying, screaming, treat, even excite criminal cases. But do someone hear them? Well, when the Paralympias already comes, it is clear that the leadership wants to be referred to at any cost.

- What is your opinion on the removal of our Paralympic team from Games in Brazil?

My opinion is very categorical. The blind athletes do not take any medicines if it is not required for their chronic or temporary sores. But in the last, money years, blind athletes began to hold fees along with healthy athletes. And naturally, they sometimes serve the same specialists as healthy. And here it all depends on these specialists. For example, these in the summer disqualified a blind veteran skier, finding this unfortunate Meldonium ...

"War for a ticket to the national team is not on life, but for death"

Second interlocutor Alexey Shipilov- Senior coach of the national team of the Moscow Region on Holbela. Golobal is a sports game for the blind. The essence of the game - a team of three should throw the ball with a built-in bell in the opponent's gate. Shipilov, probably, could represent their athletes on the Paralympicide. But it is not even close to prestigious competitions. Why?

For many years, the same athletes are sent to Paralympiad. Some and the same coaches for years are engaged in the national teams. Someone else's sports is not a place, "says Alexey. - For example, there is one person who is a coach as much as six teams. This is nonsense. He is the senior coach of the male and women's teams on the holbe, also heads the male and female teams on torcuing - varieties of crook. In addition, he also trains the team of the Russian Football team. Among other things, this person is the world champion in football among the visually impaired. Speakers in class B2.

- class B2 - what?

A person speaking in this category sees up to 6 percent. The athlete with such vision is not considered totally blind. This vision is called "with the rest."

- What sees such an athlete?

It can distinguish only silhouettes. At a distance of one and a half or two meters, he is not able to even see the face of the interlocutor. Can not read the twentieth font on the computer screen even to the focus. Nevertheless, among our athletes speaking in the B2 category, there are those who easily drive the car. The same coach for six disciplines feels perfectly behind the wheel ...

- As far as I understand, the disabled fraud exists for a long time?

It appeared when the medals began to pay decent prizes. This situation is characteristic not only for Russia. Do not sway with similar scams and Ukraine. Their athletes pay decent prizes, and the financial conditions in the country are much worse than we. Therefore, to get a healthy person to Paralympiad there is much more important: it is necessary to think, for a ticket to the Paralympic team there is a war of not for life, but to death.

- How are things in other countries?

In other countries there are no prizes. Therefore, there is no sense there is a healthy person to pretend with disabled. For what? And when our pseudoparalympians come to the international start, then the classifier doctors who allow athletes to games, it cannot even think that a healthy person will give himself for the disabled.

- Before starting games from athletes, requires medps?

No one shows a certificate.

- Doctors classifiers check vision?

Understand, in vision there are many different diagnoses. This such area, where even a good specialist is sometimes difficult to determine whether a person sees or not. The athlete may have an external defect of the eye itself, and there may be a defect at the level of nervous conductivity - the eye itself looks completely healthy. The latter often occurs as a result of injury - the conductivity of the optic nerve to the brain is disturbed. And with an absolutely healthy eye, the person "at the exit" will not have at all view. The doctor these subtleties can not determine quickly. Doctor at competitions only state the fact - there is a diagnosis or not. But even in the absence of a diagnosis there may be a mass of the reasons for which a person will not see. Athlete's paralympics come with diagnoses that Russian doctors write them down.

- Also easier to assure a deaf?

More difficult there. Deaf is checked on a special equipment that does not depend on a person. An audiogram is made, which shows the sound or not.

In Europe, there are devices with which you can calculate a deceiver and vision. In front of the paralympiage in Vancouver, thus removed our strongest skier. There, just to verify the vision of the French doctor, a unique technique was applied. In front of the eye was a flicker, and on the head of the athlete was recorded the sensor, which read, perceives the pupil information or not. Upon flash, the pupil changed, vibrations went. After that checking our skier, which was considered a favorite in the relay, removed. The reason was not voiced out. They said: "No qualifications have passed." But this is a single case. No more such checks were carried out.

- It turns out, now athletes check only for doping?

Sure. But it seems to me that the situation with the doping of our paralympuses is contrived. Paralympians do not need to take doping. This is not a sport of higher achievements. In addition, the meaning of a healthy person who replaces the disabled person, take doping, if he is still physically stronger on his head? ..

- Weak vision significantly affects physical training?

To more or less prepare a blind athlete to competitions, we need to deal with early childhood, from 7-8 years. Coordination of movements can be developed at the blind, if you put such a task. But in our country there are no opportunities to raise the team of bolts from scratch.

During the game, the Golbolists stretch dark bandages on the eyes. It turns out, the chances of the blind and moan on the site are equal?

In any case, coordination and orientation in space is better in moant, even if they close their eyes with a bandage. Moreover, healthy athletes get a salary for deception, they have motivation learn to run in complete darkness. By the way, the vulture is also trained in the bandages. A healthy athlete is enough a couple of months so that he learned to navigate in the dark. But in swimming and athletics there are no dressings. Although I can't say anything about athletics, there are worthy coaches. In swimming, such a problem is a long time ago.

- What is the percentage of healthy people on Paralympiad?

It is hard to say. Some names are known to us, some not. New people appear. This year, the composition of the national team was kept secret. I as a coach could not get it either.

- Do you think about these framed members of the IOC?

I think it is known. And when our Paralympians were removed from Games in Brazil, for sure this moment was also discussed.

- Why do this problem silent?

IOC does not know how to deal with it. The situation of hopeless is also because all the leadership of the Federation of Sports Blinds is aware of what happens, but does not take anything. I clarify that the President of the Federation Lydia Abramova was informed by me, and not only that we have many dons among people with disabilities. But WHO and now there.

If from the Russian national team removed all the falseinalides, we would not have conquered so many medals on Paralympiads, would not come out into the leaders?

Such a number of medals our real disabled people will definitely never get.

It is strange that the same fake persons from year to year become participants in games. There is no age cencing on Paralympics?

Age centers is. And some falseinalids are replaced by others after some time. But those who have been trying to fight to the last. Do you imagine what money is we talking about? Paralympicians get the same prizes as ordinary Olympians. For "gold" they pay 4 million rubles, for the second place - 2.5 million, for the "bronze" receive more than a million. "Top" athletes pay regional prizes. Muscovites for "Gold" receive another 4 million, the administration of Mosoblasti allocates their apartment. Plus, they are still given cars ...

- Why disabled, for example, a blind machine?

Apparently, it is assumed that someone will carry them. But some themselves do well with driving. When the swimmer, the champion of Paralympiad Alexander Nolovin-Lights, the disabled person of the first vision group, got into an accident, even the doctor who put false diagnoses athlete attracted responsibility. But nevertheless, angular lights as part of our team. The world champion in football among the blind and champion of Russia Ilkov Nabiyev is also weak, spoke in football in category B2. However, calmly drives the car, comes driving at the meeting. Or Oksana Savchenko, also the Paralympic champion, was noticed for driving the car ... The situation is so impolitiated that people even stopped shy something and hide.

- Have you tried to break through your athletes in the national team?

I can assume that corruption schemes exist in the national team. Trainers also receive prizes, so only their own paralympics. Who is in the clip. Perhaps, at the end of the competition, everyone shall be shared with. I'm not my own in this company.

- Totally blind in the Russian national team?

Their minimum quantity. I know the Totalnitsa, judoist Victoria Potapov, which miraculously fell into the team. I think it was turned on to cover up. Basically, all Russian athletes pass in category B2. Although other countries, all without exception, are carrying totally blind guys. And you know why? Because their totanists are competitive. For example, the Turkish team on bare, where most athletes just Totanniki became European champions. Abroad are engaged in such disabled since childhood. And we have no people with disabilities. Maxport allocates only a certain circle of people crazy money for fees. And ordinary people with disabilities cannot find funds to pay a trip to the Russian Championship. Blind in the regions do not need anyone.

- Have you tried to fight this?

I tried to bring the coach for clean water, which for 10 years deceives people and within the country, and in the international arena. Denies information before the president of the Federation Federation. For the coach, no measures were taken out, but the punitive sanctions on me began. As a result, I am generally want to remove from coaching work and threaten to cancel my applications for participation in the championships of Russia.

You say that in Europe it is impossible to imagine. But a few years ago, the entire Spanish national team was removed from the games, where the alleged mentally retarded participation. In fact, it turned out that the disabled in the team was not.

I remember. Then there was a big scandal with the Spaniards, after which the disabled with the diagnosis of "mental retardation" was generally excluded from the Paralympics program. Only in the last year they seemed to decide to allow them again. But this is a single case.

- Be that as it may, these people with disabilities in our national team are too enough?

Sure. We have a lot of decent flavors, wheelchairs. But most of the honest disabled victims who trained and wanted to participate in Paralympiad, were in the span.

- Are our vigorious athletes who pretend to be blind, never pierced?

They seem to do anyway. When a complete impunity reigns so many years, everything is aware of what is happening, the leadership covers fraud, what fear can we talk about? On the Paralympics itself, these guys behave competently - everywhere go with the accompanying.

- Can the current system be defeated?

The only thing that can break this system is a large international scandal. I do not see another exit.

Tomorrow XI Paralympic Winter Games start in Sochi. For ten days, 1650 athletes from 45 countries will fight for rewards, but most importantly - to surprise the whole world by the power of character and the greatness of the human spirit. On the eve of Sochi Competitions "Mercy.ru" is trying to figure out the features of sports for the disabled.

How it all began

Paralympic games today are familiar and mandatory addition to the Olympics. Of course, they collect less spectators in the stands, and television broadcasts attract not so massive audience to the screens. But by the heat of struggle and the power of emotions, the participants of the Paralympians are not inferior to the Battle of the "Big" Olympiad.

For domestic sports lovers of Paralympiad - a relative new phenomenon. For the first time, Soviet athletes took part in the games of the persons with disabilities only in 1988, although the Paralympic movement originated immediately after the end of World War II. In 1948, the doctor of the Stock-Mandeville Rehabilitation Hospital under London Ludwig Gutman held the first sports competitions among British veterans who received spinal cord injury.

Physical exertion, competitive excitement and spirit of healthy rivalry have had a beneficial effect on disabled people and contributed to their social adaptation. Guttman competition coincided in time with London Olympiad. They got the name "Stock-Mandeville player's games" and became a prototype of modern Paralympics.

The initiative of the British neurosurgeon quickly gained popularity. In 1952, the games received international status. To the competitions held in 1960 in Rome, not only veterans of war were admitted for the first time. This tournament is considered the first official paralympiage.

After 16 years, the first winter paralympic games took place in Swedish Erncheldswick. They took part not only wheelchairs, but also athletes with other categories of disabilities. The next milestone in the history of Paralympics was 1988. Participants in Summer Games in Seoul first competed on the same objects on which the Olympiad was held. Since then, it has become a tradition, and in 2001 this rule was documenting documented.

Over the years, the number of participants in the Paralympic Games and the countries they represented grew, and a competitive program became more diverse. At the Roman Paralympics of 1960, 400 athletes from 23 countries fought for 291 a set of awards in eight sports, and in the last years at the moment, the summer Paralympic games took place two years ago in London, 4302 athletes from 164 countries participated. They played 503 sets of awards in 20 sports.

Winter paralympic games are becoming increasingly popular. However, like the Winter Olympics, they have a more modest scope. At the Games of 1976 there were 198 athletes from 16 countries that competed only in two types of ski racing and skiing, playing 53 incomplete set of awards. At a month after the month of Paralympiad in Sochi, 1650 athletes from 45 countries are expected. Sports has become five, sets of medals - 70.

It is worth noting that in Paralympic Games, as a rule, athletes with hearing impairments and mental disabilities do not take part. For them, separate contests are held.

Paralympic disciplines

Starting from the 2006 paralympiad in Turin, the winter game program remains unchanged. Participants compete in five sports: Kerling on wheelchairs, biathlon, skiing, ski racing and map-hockey. Only the number of rewarded awards sets is changing.

In general, the organizers try to make the Paralympic Competitions as far as possible from the contestants of ordinary athletes. Although, of course, in each paralympic sport there is its own specificity. The main difference is that in the adaptive sport, participants are divided into groups depending on their physical capabilities. The division occurs on the basis of a functional classification approved by the International Paralympic Committee. Initially, competitive groups were based on a medical diagnosis, that is, athletes with amputations had their classes, athletes with impaired musculoskeletal system - their own. However, over time, more fairly found division based on the functionality of an athlete in a certain form of sports. In other words, people with disabilities of various nosological groups can now be in the same class, if they have the same capabilities in this particular discipline.

For example, in the Winter Paralympic Program in a skit-biathlon cluster, a group of athletes with violations is divided into three categories (B1, B2, B3) - depending on the degree of blindness. Athletes with damage to the musculoskeletal system are assigned functional categories from LW1 to LW12. A special system counting system, given the category of an athlete, allows participants with various physical disorders to compete with each other within the same class.

Biathlon

For the first time, biathlon appeared in the program of competition of athletes with physical disorders during the Games in Innsbruck in 1988. In 1992, athletes with violations of violation began to participate in competitions.

In one of the most popular disciplines in the Sochi Paralympics in Russia, 18 sets of awards will be played. Competitions will be held in the Liura Ski Biathlon Complex in Red Polyana. Athletes will compete in three classes: sitting, standing and violation. Men will perform at distances of 7.5, 12.5 and 15 kilometers, women - at distances 6, 10 and 12.5 kilometers. Depending on the functional constraints, rivals use either traditional skis or a chair equipped with a ski pair. Blind athletes will go in conjunction with moisture guides.

Unlike ordinary biathletes who shoot standing and lying, participants in the Paralympic biathlon competitions perform shooting only from the position lying. Athletes with impairment of the musculoskeletal system are striking the target from pneumatic rifles, and blind and visually impaired - from laser rifles. This type of weapon is assigned to the target using a beep: the closer the sight to the target center, the louder sound.

Ski race

Skier competition will also be held in the Laura Complex. Participants in Paralympics in Sochi will compete in this sport for 20 sets of awards. Like biathlonists, skiers are divided into three classes: standing, seating and with violations of vision. Athletes, competing sitting, will perform at distances of 10 and 15 kilometers - men and 5 and 10 kilometers - women. In the class "standing" and "with violations", the races will be held at distances 10 and 20 kilometers - men and 5 and 15 kilometers - in women. Skiers of all three classes will also compete in a kilometer sprint and in the relay.

This sport was presented at the very first Paralympic Games of 1976. True, then the competition was held only in the classes "standing" and "with violations of vision." Up to the Paralympic Winter Games of 1984 in Innsbruck, the athletes used exceptionally classic style, after which the skate stroke was allowed, and the competition was divided into classic and free-style races.

Skiing

Like ski racing, skiing is a veteran of Paralympiad. Initially, the Games program were represented by slalom, giant slalom and super intricate. In 1984, a high-speed descent was added to them, in 1994 - supergigant. Sitting skiing for the first time entered the program only in 1988.

In this sport on games in Sochi, the largest number of medals will be played - 30. The competition will be held in the Ski Center "Rosa Khutor". The modern Paralympic program includes five types of competitions: high-speed descent, supergigant, super intricate, giant slalom and slalom. Decision on the class of athletes is all the same - standing, sitting and with violation of vision. In addition, within the framework of ski competitions will be held a demo-presentation of a new species - parasno-celastic cross among standing athletes.

In the mountain skiing of blind and visually impaired athletes, as well as in ski racing and biathlon, on the highway, accompany the vocabulary "guides", which give athletes voice teams. Some athletes use special equipment adapted to their capabilities. For example, a monozyself, sedentary skiing, orthopedic agents.

Kerling on strollers

Kerling on wheelchairs for the first time entered the Paralympic Program in 2006. In this team discipline in Sochi, only one set of medals will be played. Ten mixed teams will come together in the struggle (in their composition there should be both men and women). Matches will be held in the Kerling Center "Ice Cube".

Adaptive varlingity of kerling is distinguished by the lack of swinging - rubbing the ice surface in front of a moving stone. This means that the exact hitting of the projectile in the goal requires even more skill with paralympuses than in healthy athletes. To perform throws, players in kerling on wheelchairs can use a special device - extender, which is attached to the stone handle.

Take part in games is allowed to those athletes who cannot compete otherwise, as sitting on wheelchairs. Functional classification provides 13 types of physical lesions of the lower part of the body, which do not allow Kerlylighists to play in the standing position: the spinal injuries, cerebral paralysis, scarm sclerosis, amputation of both legs, etc.

Show-hockey

Paralympic ice hockey option entered the program of games in 1994. In this game, athletes are men with disabilities of the lower body. By ice, they move with specially designed sleighs with two sings, between which the washer can slip. In the hands of the athlete - two sticks: one he is repelled from ice, and the other beats the puck. Players must be equipped with protective linings, gloves and a helmet with a grid or a mask.

Paralympic trace-hockey tournament will be held on the ice arena "washer". For the victory, there will be no eight teams. The final match will be held in the penultimate day of games.

Paralympic heroes

Each athlete Paralympic - a unique person in his own way. Each of them behind the shoulders are not easy fate, complete difficulties, pain and despair. One thing that they managed to overcome all adversity and did not retreat before obstacles, makes all their winners, regardless of what place they will take in the final protocol of Paralympic competitions.

Their athletic achievements are striking even more if you consider that the absolute majority of the Paralympians came to the sport, which is called from the street. In some cases, people engaged in sports are more or less professionally, go to paralympism after being comprehended by their misfortune.

So it was, for example, with a swimmery Olesya Vladykina, athlete Alexey Ashapatov, who, before an accident, as a result of which he lost his leg, was a professional volleyball player, and with Skier Alexey Shilov, who in the "former life" was a candidate for sports master orienteering . However, such athletes are relatively few.

Most often, ordinary people become Paralympic champions - either with congenital ailments, or those who have not worked hard before injury or illness. Regional areas of disabled are a big role in the involvement of persons with limited physical abilities. They regularly spend their shares and sports events in which everyone can take part.

Most people with disabilities begin to ski, play tennis on wheelchairs or swim simply to promote health, from boredom or to adapt to the team. Attil at the Paralympic Sport, the athlete of Artem Arefyev, swimmer Igor Plotnikov, Judomist Shahn Kurbanov and many others. Someone reached for their parents, friends, senior brothers and sisters.

They did not want to establish a world record or conquer the Olympic Gold. But it happened that they were the participants of the Paralympics. So it was, for example, with a skier of Mikhailina Lysov, who gathered the harvest of medals of all the advantages on the games in Vancouver. She went to the sports section following the older sister, despite the serious defeat of vision, in which serious physical exertion is contraindicated.

In the Russian application for Sochi Paralympic Games -78 athletes. Many of them have experience performances on past paralympias, for some current games will become debut. Of course, such competitions are very necessary both athletes themselves, and all other people with disabilities, for whom the history of Paralympians can become an excellent vital example. But even more Paralympiad needs healthy people - in order to once again recall what the strong spirit people live next to us and how rarely we pay due attention to their problems.

Evgeny Gick, Catherine Guess.

The history of the Olympic Games is well known to many. Unfortunately, the Paralympic Paralympic, or, asked, Paralympic, Games - Olympics for people with physical disabilities, limited features is well known. Meanwhile, in 2010, it is performed half a century, as they are held.

Founder of the Paralympic Movement Ludwig Gutman.

Although Liz Hartel failed to win "Gold", she rightfully occupies a place among the heroes of the Olympiad.

Cycling contests.

Tennis competition among stroller athletes.

The founder of the Paralympic movement, an outstanding neurosurgeon Ludwig Guttman (1899-1980), was born in Germany. For a long time he worked in the hospital of the city of Breslau. In 1939, emigrated to England. His medical talent was obvious and soon appreciated: on behalf of the Great Britain's government in 1944, he opened and headed the center of spinal injury at the hospital of a small town of Stock Mandeville 74 km from London. Using its techniques, Guttman helped many wounded in the battles of World War II soldiers to return to normal life after the hardest injuries and injuries. An important place in these techniques was given to sports.

It was in Stoke Mandeville in 1948, Ludwig Guttman held an archery competition among athletes on wheelchairs - in London at the same time Olympic games were opened. In 1952, again, simultaneously with the next Olympiad, he organized the first international competitions with the participation of 130 disabled athletes from England and Holland. And in 1956, the organization of the following major competitions for people with disabilities, Guttman received a reward of the International Olympic Committee - Fernley Cup for contributing to the development of the Olympic Movement.

The persistence of Guttman was crowned with success. Immediately after the 1960 Olympics, the first summer Paralympic Games took place in Rome, and since 1976, winter and winter were held regularly.

For outstanding services in saving people from the ailments of bodily and spiritual, assistance in the restoration of their sense of civil fullness, dignity, Guttman received the knight's title and the highest award - the Order of the British Empire.

Of course, they are all - the athletes-Paralympicians - the heroes, because they did not accept the fate prepared by the fate. They reheated her and won. And it doesn't matter much, whether their victory is crowned with official award. But before you should remember the predecessors of modern heroes of the Paralympic Games.

George Eysser (USA). Born in 1871 in Germany, in the homeland of gymnastics - maybe, because he chose this sport, continuing to study in the United States, where his family emigrated. I achieved the first success and - tragedy. He fell under the train, lost his left foot. On a wooden prosthesis continued to prepare for the Olympic Games, which were to pass in His city of St. Louis.

And when they took place, Eysser - a gymnast on a wooden prosthesis - won gold medals in the exercises on the bars, in a support jump and in Lazania along the rope. In addition, the silver rewards won on seven shells and bronze on the crossbar.

Oliver Hlassie (Hungary) - Silver medalist of the Olympics-1928 in Amsterdam, Olympic champion of 1932 in Los Angeles and the prewar Olympiad in Berlin of 1936. As a child, I lost my leg below the knee, hitting the car. A disabled person recognized himself categorically refused, training in swimming and water polo.

In 1931, Oliver became the European champion in swimming for 1500 m, and in 1931, 1934 and 1938 as part of the Hungarian national team
eUROPE VALTH THE WORLD WORLD COLOR. The champion of his country in swimming was 25 times (!) - Distance from 400 to 1500 m.

In our country, Oliver Halassi almost do not know, there are no information about him in sports books. The reason is that in 1946 he died of a Soviet army soldier. According to one of the versions, the athlete tried to stop the marauders near his house. A few days later his wife was born their third child.

Carray Takash (Hungary) (1910-1976). Olympic champion in London-1948 and Helsinki-1952. Takash was a military man, but in 1938 his army career was cut into a gap in the right hand of a defective grenade.

Karray quickly reincounded with her left hand: the next year after the tragedy - in 1939 he became the world champion in the national team of Hungary. At the 1948 Olympics in London, Takash struck everyone, winning "gold" in its corona form - shooting with 25 m from the rapid pistol. Before the fight, Argentinet Carlos Diaz Valente, who was considered a favorite in this form, not without Irony asked Takasha, why he came to the Olympics. Takash briefly replied: "To learn." During the awarding, Carlos, who took second place on the pedestal of the honorable, sincerely admitted to him: "You learned well."

Takash repeated his success at the Olympics in Helsinki-1952, he was the first in the history of the Olympic Games two-time champion. I also performed in the following games, but it was not possible to become a champion of three olympics in a row.

Ildiko Uylaki Rate (Hungary) (born in 1937). Participant of five Olympiads, two-time champion of the Olympiad in Tokyo-1964, the owner of seven medals. The famous fencer, one of the strongest in the entire history of sports fencing, was born deaf. The physical disadvantage was compensated by an incredible reaction. Fencing began to study from 15 years. Trainers, immediately estimated the amazing talent of the girls, communicated with it in writing, the notes transferring instructions.

Ildiko's favorite weapon was rapier. In 1956, she became a world champion among juniors, a year later won the Hungary Adult Championship, in 1963 - the world champion. At its first Olympic Games in Rome-1960, she won a silver medal in the team championship, and in Tokyo-1964 he rose to the top of the career: two "gold", in a personal and team stand. On the next two Olympiads, four more medals won - two silver and two bronze. In 1999, Ildiko became the world champion among veterans.

Liz Hartel (Denmark) (1921-2009). Silver medalist of Olympics-1952 in Helsinki and Olympiad-1956 in Melbourne (Stockholm). Hartel from childhood loved horses and fond of dressage. However, after the birth of her daughter, he fell ill with polio and was partially paralyzed. But the favorite sport did not throw and went fine, although climbed into the saddle and leave him without help could not.

Until 1952, only men were allowed to participate in the Olympic Games on horseback sports, mostly were military. But the rules changed, and women received the right to perform at equestrian tournaments of any level on a par with men. At the 1952 Olympics in Helsinki among participants in the dressage there were four women. Liz won a silver medal and became the first woman-winner of the Olympic competitions in equestrian sports. At the Games of 1956 she repeated her success.

Liz Hartel lived a bright, rich life. Growing two children, engaged in coaching work and charity, founded special medical equestrian schools in different countries. The treatment and rehabilitation direction of equestrian sports - hippotherapy - thanks to it in the world around the world.

Sir Murray Halberg (New Zealand) (born in 1933) in his youth Halberg played rugby and during one of the matches he received heavy injury. Despite prolonged treatment, his left hand remained paralyzed. Murray began running and after three years he became the country champion. At the 1960 Olympics in Rome, he won 5000 m distances, and 10,000 m was the fifth. In 1961, Murray established four world records, and in 1962 he became two-time champion of the Commonwealth game in three miles. He completed his career at the 1964 Olympics in Tokyo, where she finished the seventh at a distance of 10,000 meters. Leaving the sport, Halberg actively engaged in charity. The Halberg Trust Foundation helps athletes with disabilities.

In 1988, Halberg received a knightly title, and in 2008 the country's highest award is the Order of New Zealand. Halberg's awards are awarded the most successful New Zealand athletes annually.

Terry Fox (Canada) (1958-1981) - National Hero of the country. He did not participate in the Paralympic Games, but inspired to the exploits of many paralympic athletes. Having lost his leg at 18 after an operation related to cancer, after three years he ran on the prosthesis of "Marathon of Hope" in his own country, collecting funds for cancer research. For 143 days overcame more than 5000 km.

Chronicle Summer Paralympiad

I Summer Games (Rome, 1960)

The first in the history of Paralympic games opened the wife of the former President Italy Charles Grona, and Pope John XXIII accepted the participants in the Vatican. Only athletes-wheelchairs participated in the games, moved the injury of the spinal cord. Archery, light athletics, basketball, fencing, table tennis, swimming, and darts and billiards were presented.

II Summer Games (Tokyo, 1964)

Games managed to spend in Japan thanks to the established relations of Japanese medical specialists with the Stock-Mandeville center Ludwig Gutman. In an air athletics appeared races on wheelchairs: individual on 60 m and relay.

III Summer Games (Tel Aviv, 1968)

Games had to go to Mexico City immediately after the 1968 Olympics. But Mexicans have abandoned the Paralympics before this two years, referring to technical difficulties. Recruited Israel, which organized a high level match. The main character was Italian Roberto Marson, who won nine gold medals - three in ease of athletics, swimming and fencing.

IV Summer Games (Heidelberg, 1972)

This time the games were held in the same country as the Olympics, but in another city - the organizers hurried to sell the Olympic village under private apartments. For the first time, athletes with vision disabilities were participated, they competed in running 100 m. For them, nolly appeared - while the demonstration appearance.

V Summer Games (Toronto, 1976)

For the first time, agitated amputants competed. Most of the types of program - 207 - was in an air athletics. There were also unusual competitions - slalom on strollers and a football ball on a distance and accuracy. The hero was the 18-year-old Canadian Arni Bod, who lost her leg at a three-year-old age. He showed the amazing technique of jumping on one leg: won the incredible global world record in jumping in height, 186 cm. Participated in four paralympiars and won the seven gold and one silver medal in 1980, and improved in 1980 Your achievement is another 10 cm - 196 cm!

VI Summer Games (Arnhem, 1980)

The games were to pass in Moscow, but the USSR leadership did not want to join the contacts on this issue, and they were transferred to Holland. The program appeared volleyball sitting - volleyball players of the Netherlands became the first champions. In the team event, the Americans won - 195 medals (75 gold). Hereinafter, the official data of the International Paralympic Committee are given.

VII Summer Games (Stock-Mandeville and New York, 1984)

Due to the problems of interaction between the organizing committees of the Olympic and Paralympic games, the competition was held in parallel in America and Europe: 1780 athletes from 41 countries participated in competitions in New York and 2,300 out of 45 countries - in Stock Mandeville. A total of 900 medals were played. If the athletes of all categories appeared in New York, then in Stoke Mandevil, according to tradition, only athletes-wheelchairs were performed. In the team event, the Americans won again - 396 medals (136 golden).

VIII Summer Games (Seoul, 1988)

This time, the Paralympic Games were again on the same sports grounds and in the same city as the Olympic. The program included 16 sports. As a demonstration species was presented tennis on wheelchairs. The American Bunciha Trisha Zorn became the hero of games, which won 12 gold medals - ten in individual swims and two relay. Soviet paralympuses performed only in flight athletics and swimming, but were able to win 56 medals in these species, including 21 gold, and take the 12th command place.

Vadim Kalmykov won four "gold" in Seoul - in heights in height, length, triple jump and pentathlon.

IX Summer Games (Barcelona, \u200b\u200b1992)

Tennis on wheelchairs has become an official appearance. The CIS team won 45 medals, of which 16 are gold, and took the eighth team place. And the US Paralympuses won again, winning 175 medals, including 75 gold.

X Summer Games (Atlanta, 1996)

These games became the first in the history that received commercial support for sponsors. 508 sets of awards in 20 types of program were played. Sailing and rugby on wheelchairs were presented as exponential sports.

Albert Bakarev became the first Russian watchmen athlete who won the Paralympic Gold Medal in swimming at competitions in Atlanta. He was engaged in swimming since childhood, he received a heavy injury in 20 years - on vacation unsuccessfully jumped into the water. Returning to the sport, after five years she showed high results, in Barcelona-1992 he became a bronze prize. In 1995 he won the World Cup. In Sydney-2000, he won two medals - silver and bronze.

XI Summer Games (Sydney, 2000)

After these games it was decided to temporarily remove from the participation of athletes with intelligence violation. The reason was the difficulties of medical control. The reason was the game in the composition of the Spanish national team on basketball several healthy athletes. The Spaniards defeated Russia in the final, but the deception was disclosed, however, "gold" did not switch to our basketball players, they remained silver prizes.

And the heroine of games was the Australian Plovcih Siobhan Peyton - an athlete with a violation of intelligence. She won six gold medals and installed nine world records. The Paralympic Committee of Australia called her athlete of the year and released a postage stamp with her image. She received the state award - the Order of Australia. Siobhan studied in an ordinary school and was very worried about the fact that it was constantly teased, calling the "brake." With her victories, she adequately answered offenders.

XII Summer Games (Athens, 2004)

There was no such abundance of records to some of the past games. Only in competitions in swimming the world records were broken 96 times. In an air athletics 144 times the world records and 212 - Paralympic.

In Athens, the famous veterans of Paralympic sports were successfully performed, including American Tricha Zorn, a disabled victim, which in 40 years old won his 55th medal in swimming. Participant of six games, she won almost all swimming competitions and at the same time kept nine paralympic world records. Trisha also acted in the competitions of healthy athletes, was a candidate for the US national team at the 1980 Olympic Games.

The heroine of games was the Japanese Plovcih Mumy Narita. The athlete-stroller won seven golden and one bronze medal and installed six world records.

XIII Summer Games (Beijing, 2008)

The hosts created all the conditions for the participants. Special devices for disabled were equipped not only sports facilities and the Olympic village, but also the streets of Beijing, as well as historical objects. In the first place, as expected, it turned out to be China - 211 medals (89 gold). Russians occupied eighth place - 63 (18). A good result, if we consider that our paralympuses performed less than half of the types of programs.

Most of all medals - 9 (4 gold, 4 silver and 1 bronze) - won the Brazilian Swimmer Daniel Diaz.

Another hero is Oscar Pistorius (South Africa), a runner on prostheses, - in Beijing became a three-time Paralympic champion. At 11 months he lost his feet due to an innate defect. The athlete uses specially designed prostheses from Crawlastics for running and is now fighting for the right to participate in equal to everyone in the 2012 London Olympiad. At least in the courts, he seems to be defended.

Views of Paralympic Sports

Summer

Basketball on wheelchairs. The very first game appearance, which was presented on summer games. In the teams of five players; Rules, except that the players move on the strollers are close to usual. In Beijing-2008, the winners were the basketball players of Australia.

Billiards. Classic billiards - Snooker in version for wheelchairs was represented at the Games in 1960 by one male view. Golden and silver medalists became the British. The rules are not fundamentally different from the usual.

Fight.Paralympic struggle closer to free, participants are distributed by weight categories. Americans were the strongest in this form: in 1980 they won eight gold medals, and in 1984 - seven. Perhaps for this reason, the struggle was replaced by judo.

Barrel.The option of the Greek game with the ball. The rules are simple: the leather ball must be thrown as close as possible to the control white ball. Athletes with heavy forms of disability, men and women together are involved in competitions; There are individual, pair and command options.

Cycling.The rules are not adapted specifically for athletes with disabilities, but additional protective equipment has been introduced. Wheelchairs are competing on wheelchair-bicycles with manual drive, athletes with violations of vision - on tandem bicycles in pairs with moaning assistants. Men and women are involved. The modern program includes highway races, as well as track types: Team, individual, persecution racing, etc.

Volleyball. There are two varieties - standing and sitting. In Beijing, Russia in this form came for the first time and won the bronze medals.

Golbol. The game with a ball for blind athletes, in which you need to roll into the opponent's gate a big ball with a buckler inside.

Rowing academic. Competitions are held in four types: men's and women's lonely boats (athletes running only with hands), mixed twos (hands and hull) and mixed four (legs).

Darts. This type of wheelchairs was presented at the Paralympic Games from 1960 to 1980, but it is possible that he will return to the program.

Judo. In the paralympic version, blind fighters (and men and women) capture each other before the signal of the beginning of the fight. In Beijing, the gold medal, the first for Russia, won Oleg Kssen.

Athletics. Running, jumping, throwing, all-around, as well as specific species - wheelchair races. In Beijing, 160 types of programs were presented. The first place in China is 77 medals (31 golden).

Horseback Riding.Competitions are held on the mandatory program, arbitrary and command. 70 athletes participated in Beijing, including two representatives of Russia. Outside the competition was the UK team - 10 medals (5 gold).

Loun-Bowle (play balls). The game resembles at the same time golf and bowling, invented in England in the XII century, was part of the Paralympic Games from 1968 to 1988. The strongest was invariably athletes of the UK.

Table tennis. Wheelchairs are involved (the ball intersecting the side of the table is not counted) and amputants, there are single and team competitions. In Beijing, there were hosts - 22 medals (13 gold).

Sailing. Men and women compete together in three classes of ships. In Beijing on one gold medal in US Paralympians, Canada and Germany.

Swimming. Rules are close to usual, but there are changes. So, blind swimmers inform about touching the pool wall. There are three start options: standing, sitting and out of the water.

Rugby on wheelchairs. Although men and women participate, the game is characterized with rigidity and uncompromising. A volleyball ball is used, which can be carried and transmitted by hand. Rugby on the wheelchairs combines elements of basketball, football and hockey with a washer, but play it on a basketball court. Special strollers are used, softening strikes in collisions. In Beijing "Gold" won the US team.

Power types.Powerlifting was the greatest distribution - Rod Löz. In Beijing, the Chinese became the best, winning 14 medals (9 gold).

Archery.The first paralympic species - precisely from it began competitions of wheelchairs organized by Ludwig Guttman in Stock Mandeville. The program includes team competitions, shooting standing and sitting in a stroller.

Shooting bullet. Wheelchairs shoot sitting in stroller and lying. Athletes are divided into two categories: those who use, and those who do not use an additional hand support. There are men's, female and mixed species.

Dance sport.Frame dance competitions are divided into three types - in a stroller partner, in a stroller, and in wheelchairs both dancers.

Tennis on wheelchairs. Men's and female, single and paired competitions are held. The main difference from ordinary tennis is allowed two rebounds of the ball from the site.

Fencing on wheelchairs.The first appearance adapted for athletes with disabilities. A fundamental feature - strollers are fixed on a special platform, and instead of movements of the legs, the work of the case or only hands is used.

Football 7x7. Athletes' competition with cerebral paralysis and other neurological disorders, the degree of disability is strictly stipulated by the rules: violations must prevent normal game, and violations are allowed, but it is necessary to maintain normal coordination in the standing position and when hitting the ball. In addition to the reduced sizes of the site and a smaller number of players, there is no "out of the game" rule and permitted by one hand. Two half play for 30 minutes. Russian footballers - Champions of Paralympiad in Sydney-2000, prize-winners 1996, 2004 and 2008.

Football 5x5.Game for blind and visually impaired athletes; Close to the holbe, but playing standing. The team has four players, and the gate protects the sore coach-goalkeeper, which manages actions. The game with a recycle ball lasts 50 minutes. In one team can be blind and visually impaired players; For all, except for the goalkeeper, banners are required.

Winter

Biathlon. In 1988, only men with impaired limbs participated in competitions. In 1992, species for athletes with violation of vision were added, which was made possible thanks to the special sound electrical equipment created in Sweden. The diameter of the target for athletes with impaired vision is 30 mm, for athletes with impaired musculoskeletal system - 25 mm. Penalty minute is prescribed for each slip.

The rifles of athletes are on a shooting range, and they should not be worn on themselves. Shooting only lying. Athletes with violation of vision assumes a conductor who helps them take a position and charge the rifle.

Ski race. At first, athletes with amputation were participating (used special adaptations for sticks) and with vision disabilities (they passed the distance with the conductor). Since 1984, sportswomen-wheelchairs competed in ski racing. They moved on sedent ski salads - the seat is fixed at an altitude of about 30 cm on two conventional skis - and kept short sticks in their hands.

Skiing. Three-skinned slalom invented: the athletes are descending from the mountains on one skid, using two additional skiing attached at the ends of the sticks. Competitions on a monochine are designed for wheelchairs and resemble snowboarding. In Turin 2006, there were 24 types of program, 12 for men and women.

Curling on strollers. Unlike traditional casing there are no "subdigals". Commands are mixed, among the five players should be at least one representative of each sex. Athletes compete on their usual strollers. Stones are moving with special sliding sticks with plastic tips, which cling to the stone knob.

Finding on ice. Paralympic analogue of skating sports for wheelchair athletes. Instead of skates, sleighs are used with polish.

Impassion-hockey. Invented three people with disabilities from Sweden, which were engaged in sports on wheelchairs on frozen lakes. As in traditional hockey, six players play (including goalkeeper) from each team. Players move along the field on the sledding; The equipment includes two sticks, one of which is used to repulsion from ice and maneuvering, and the other to hit the washer. The game consists of three periods lasting for 15 minutes.

On March 9, the Winter Paralympic Games start in Phenchkhan. Before their start, "SE" tells the story of one of those who consider themselves an athlete, and not disabled.

I have never seen him ever. When it was born, he was already on the wheelchair. However, it is he - my uncle Valery Ryzhkov - I put me a love for sport. When I was quite small, he often leaving fees or competitions, and when he returned home - she trained every day. Sometimes I took me with me. He told about great athletes, taught to play chess, gave football balls, brought the readers of Sport-Express. He did not love uncle about himself. Nevertheless, on the eve of the Paralympic Games in Pchenchhan, I still asked him to a conversation.

Fracture of the spine

- We never talked about how you got into trouble ...

Spring, 10th grade. We went to nature. They took a tape recorder, but the batteries sat down. We decided to recharge from electricity. Climbed to a high-voltage pillar - shouted to the current. I woke up - all, legs do not move.

- There were options so that you were not impoverished on the post?

I was the most sporty, it was immediately clear that I should do it.

- You understood that it was dangerous?

Yes. But we thought that I would throw the wire - and everything would be fine.

Grandma, his mother, told that in fact there was an agreement with the guys - if they are angry, they will catch it. However, when the uncle shook the current and he flew down - everyone was running out.

After what has happened, panic began. Come into consciousness, Valery did not feel the legs. Asked: "Where are they"? And his comrades raised them, showing him. With the injury of the spine to do this in no case. Next - worse. He was trying to walk in the carp of the motorcycle to take to the hospital.

Nobody understood how seriously everything is. Thought, just hurt. If it were not for this, maybe the spinal brain would not be damaged. And so it was all stripped. Although the consequences in any case would be. This is the fracture of the spine ...

Arabs millionaires, officers - in such a situation all are equal

- What were the first days after what happened?

There were weekends - May holidays. Because of this, the first four days of the desired doctor was not. Just lying and waited. Then she arrived neurosurgeon from Orenburg (everything happened in the village of Kulaginino, and laying Ryzhkov in Novosergievka - this is just over 100 km from the regional center. - Approx. IN AND.). Operated on. It was assumed that the operation would be very long, but he, cut, saw the state of the spinal cord, and realized that it would not be able to help anything.

- You then went to Moscow.

Only in two years. But there they were told that after surgery would have to recover very long, and the chances of a positive result were rather zero. We decided to give up her and probably correctly. How many they did the guys - as everyone had and remained. If the fracture of the spine, and even with the rupture of the brain - nothing will do anything. And now so. Only before "cut" everything in a row, and now the operations are practically not done. There's no point.

- At what point I realized that I would have to spend your whole life in a wheelchair?

In Moscow. I saw that Arabs millionaires were lying in the same hospital, our officers occupying high posts. Many were injured before me, but they did not have any improvements. And what am I better? I realized that I would not walk.

- This was hard?

It was normal. Two years by that time spent in this position. And if all this time sought, he was engaged, then at that moment realized: it is useless. When a person understands that he will no longer walk, looking for ways to continue life in such conditions, begins to adapt to a little different life.

- Hands did not sink?

No, there are people who found themselves in situations and worse.

Consciousness

- Your view turned the trip to the Crimea, in Saki?

Yes. We went there with your father and saw a lot of people who drive in stroller. Some already have 30 years old. It gave a big push. When I first lay in a clear (spindomy center in the Orenburg region. - Approx. IN AND.), everything was hoping, everything was hoping that after some time they would go again. And in Saki, people calmly lived on strollers, for them it was the norm.

- Many people who hoped to the last?

Some hope all your life. Constantly ride on rehabilitation, grandmothers and healers, but the result is almost always alone.

- Saki - the most adapted city in the USSR for disabled people?

Yes. There is not only a city with conditions for wheelchairs, but also adapted by the Burdenko Sanatorium. From all over the union there went there. Both Yakuts and Balts, and Uzbeks. All were treated. Sanatorium right on the shores of the medical lake.

- There you first learned about the sport for strollers?

I heard about it back in Moscow. The guys read in some newspaper that even people with disabilities can play sports, some competitions are held. And in Saki saw everything with his own eyes. The guys were driving on the strollers, they were engaged in physical exercises. There was the first Olympics of the USSR for the disabled, competed on household strollers. Racing were only among the Balts. They are near Scandinavia, to them this kind of progress reached much faster.

- What feelings watched the first competitions?

And I not only watched, but also participated. And immediately won. With each other Gennady Bovov from Tomsk constantly went to the sea, on the disabled beach. And this is 12 km one way. Thanks to this preparation, everyone was separated there.

- How old were you then?

27-28. Then the trips to the south did not give me. They said: Enough, not one to ride you. In 1985, I went already myself. He lived on the apartment, trained. With the guys gathered on the city day, the races arranged. Then they talked, everyone wanted to move forward.

In Lillehammer-94 did not take, because there was no passport

In 1991, Valery was invited to Moscow. Called one person from the region to the master class who gave the Swedes. They trained to move correctly on active strollers, climb the steps. And then, who visited there, they should have transferred knowledge on the ground. In Moscow, Ryzhkov got a photo of a sports stroller. Upon arrival home, in Kulagino, they with their father based on its drawings - and they themselves collected a similar one.

- I still do not understand how you managed it.

Hands are, collected. Two sports wheels I bought, the front did themselves.

- How?

Put from a baby carriage. From this point on, another life began. In 1992, I went to Moscow at the Festival of Sport, ranked fourth. It turned out, compared to factory, my stroller is very heavy. Upon arrival home began to collect another, improved the same.

- What is your first championship of Russia?

1994 in Volgograd. I won three or four distances. But this is already on another stroller - with the help of the Orenburg Sport Committee in St. Petersburg.

- How was the preparation in Kulagino in winter?

Before the dinner, the simulator was twisted, who was collected with his father. Then I rode on sedentary skis. Massed the program - in some period, the volume did, in some kind of rapid. The more met with the guys, the more I learned, analyzed.

- How much rolled for training?

In the spring of about 20-30 km for the lesson. When I was preparing for marathons - 50-60 km.

- In 1994, you participated in the first athletics for Wheelchairs World Championships in Berlin.

And could and fly. In 1993 he participated in the Winter Championship of Russia in skiing. Spoke well, was a candidate for Lillehammer-94. But I did not have a passport, and I did not take me to the team. Returned home - immediately took up this issue. By the summer, the document was ready. And when in Volgograd, he won several distances, showed the authorities of the passport - no excuse could have been.

- How did it spoke in Berlin?

100 m was 12 or 13th.

- What surprised in Europe?

Is that one thing - did not think that there are so many people with disabilities that are engaged in sports.

Games in Atlanta and Wheels for 2000 dollars

- Paralympic games in Atlanta - the brightest event in the sports career?

Sure. Preparing from all his might. Regularly traveled to the fees to Moscow, trained at the Krylatskoe cycle in the group at Irina Gromovoy. It came to the starts in good shape. The Sports Committee of the region bought me an American sports stroller.

- Dear?

Highly. In the area of \u200b\u200b2000 dollars. Only four riders were taken to the Russian national team, two were from Omsk, Sergey Shilov from Moscow and me. I went to the opening and closing. Such a show! It was great. Speakers at his level, it seemed to be the tenth.

- Foreigners have a better stroller?

Sharks themselves - slightly. But the wheels differed very seriously. They already had carbon.

- Are these other speeds?

The appearance of such wheels has become a turning point in disabled sports. Now everyone has such.

- And then you could not afford them?

Where there! They cost about $ 2,000. Like a stroller.

- It was possible to speak in the US better?

What were ready, then showed. We had a sport then at the stage of development, the heads are not jumping above. Upon arrival we began to train even more. We looked at foreigners - they were ready stronger. Not only the wheels they have carbon, but they themselves are stronger. Muscovites' guys acquired the same wheels. And I never reached it ...

In Nagano-98 tried to display?

Not. After 1993, the Russian Championships did not go. Hardly. Here with the summer starts like - you are going, you carry a sports stroller with you, you can put a bag in it. Somehow get it. And in the winter to drag a whole bob one is hard. Although it turned into skis well. If Logistics was easier. Would be in the team ...

- And the same Gromova did not call you?

Called, but I refused.

- Why?

So pension - 70 rubles. This money in Moscow does not live. She was then Shilov then. When I refused, she called Misha Terentieva (now the State Duma deputy. - Approx. IN AND.) From Krasnoyarsk. We agreed that I would do myself, and in the summer to come for fees. So it turned out.

20 thousand rubles - the largest prizes

- The following big starts after Atlanta?

In 1998 he spoke at Marathon in Kosice and the World Championships in Birmingham. In England, it reached the final of 100 m. We were then good ready. They became fourth in the relay 4x100 m. True, I did not participate.

- Why? Have you been the first number?

The head of the team decided so. We were five riders, but I was too much.

- Can the Sydney be displayed?

Could. But at the Russian Championships in Tula everywhere was the second third-fourth. Then another wound opened ... In general, they did not take. After that, he was not seriously engaged. Only the marathons were preparing.

- There could be earned?

Yes a little.

- And at the Russian Championships visited?

Somehow at the championship won the distances five. On the rest was in prizes. So I was given one diploma, in which all the results fit: won on these distances, so on these was the second, and on those - the third. The medals appeared in the late 90s. Then sometimes began to give dishes, kettles. There were no cash promotions. Only on marathons.

- I remember, there was a story in Omsk, when they promised a car, and after your victory, everyone was played.

Not really. There were exposed "OKU" and immediately were the conditions that if Omich wins, she would get to him. I won. Gave some kind of money prize. And more cars did not exhibit.

- The biggest prizes in your career?

Here in Omsk somehow there were 20 thousand rubles for victory.

Doping and sweatshirt

- Doping in the 90s was?

Then there was no conversation about it. Probably because there were no prizes. The first time in my life heard doping in front of Atlanta. On the eve of the departure Lev Seleznev Told us: "Look, do not shoot any tablets. All heads are head"!

- Paralympians missed Rio, and in Pytenchhan they are driving a very limited composition.

Very disappointment for all. Highly! People plow so much, and can not prove themselves. Especially young sorry.

- How much is your pension now?

11-13 thousand. It is difficult to live on it. Thousands of four only for a communal need to pay. And what remains? Need to work.

For sports services in 1999, the Administration of the Orenburg Region presented Valery Apartment. However, an unforeseen story happened. Soon he married. Thought, according to love. But it turned out - on a cold-blooded sweaters, who, having learned about the upcoming gift in the form of an apartment, all calculated. As soon as the wedding passed and the documents on the living space were obtained, it was submitted for divorce. Taking into account the fact that she had a daughter, by court decision, two three apartments moved away to them.

The main thing is not victory, but adaptation to ordinary life

- When did you start training?

- How was the set in the group?

He himself called everyone. Someone knew. And those who knew knew someone else. Made commercials that showed on TV.

- It was on the public basis?

Yes, I wanted people to do. Then the urban sports committee proposed to make the official group.

- Correctly understand that some of those who responded to the proposal, almost for the first time came out of the house?

And there is. Some years were sitting in four walls. Someone is hard to go out into the street psychologically, many - purely physically. Here you live high - and all where? If only managed to change with someone on the floor. Now it has become better - elevators, ramps do. Previously, this was not. As a person fell home from the hospital, and sat there.

- When did you learn to move around the steps?

In the 91st, when the Swedes held a master class. Now the first to learn in the group is to adapt in the city, overcome the steps, borders.

- Led car with one hands - hard?

This is me even earlier than the stairs to rise learned. The levers to the pedals attracted - and nothing complicated.

- How many people do in your group?

25. Of these, 10-12 wheelchairs. The rest are cerebral palsy. Sports of Sports Miscellaneous: Athletics, Streetball and Table Tennis. In general, the city is much better in the city, paying much more attention to disabled people. Many where ramps are made.

- Would you like from your group to someone Doros to the level of the Paralympic Games?

To someone reached the World Cup, you need to take two or three people and do individually with them. Wishing to eat. Some have great prospects. We'll see. In any case, the most important thing is that they all fully adapted to life, they were engaged in sports and attracted others.

In Kalagino, in the room of my uncle, there was a picture - the Heron almost swallowed the frog, but the one, knocking out of the beak, squeezed her with her legs. And signature: never give up. Ryzhkov never gives up. Do not complain. All makes himself - from the repair of hours, to the bowl of grass. He does not expect help from anyone, but he himself is always ready to come to revenue and everyone. For me and dozens of other people - he is a hero and a living example. He will not only cope with all the life difficulties, but also makes it easier for other people in a wheelchair, he instills confidence in them and re-awakens interest in life.

Somehow I was with him at competitions. He and other guys shipped bags and strollers in Gazelle. The coach from Omsk threw the phrase, which I remembered for life: "Faster-faster guys! We are not disabled. We are athletes"!

Real athletes.

Valery Ryzhkov
Born on April 18, 1961
14-fold champion of Russia
Participant of the Paralympic Games in Atlanta-1996
Finalist World Championship-1998 in Birmingham per 100 m
Repeated winner of the international Moscow and Omsk marathons
Excellent physical culture and sports
Winner of the All-Russian Competition among the coaches "New Generation" (2007)
Torchoker Olympic Fire Relay in Orenburg (2013)

Healthy athletes kost under the disabled people to defeat world competitions and get MZDU for the award

Dry News Summies At the end of the Paralympiad in London: "The Russian national team showed a phenomenal result, won 102 medals in the team standings. Russian Sports Minister Vitaly Mutko announced that athletes with disabilities for medals will receive premium on par with healthy athletes. In total, the state allocates 286 million rubles for athletes with disabilities. "

Money was paid on time.

The country has fisted. Journalists have raised heroes to heaven in teleprektasks and on newspaper stripes.In the meantime, the disabled athletes themselves rushed to prepare for the next competition - the Olympiad in Sochi.And only people who are not acquainted with a disabled kitchen, once again diluted with their hands: "How is it? After all, only blind is not clear that instead of some disabled people, healthy people went out ... "

The topic of "World Sell" on the Paralympicade has long been discussed in the sports commentator environment. She does not give peace and real disabled people, which for obvious reasons do not pass at the European and World Championships.

Who actually participates in the Paralympic Games, as the "disabled" pass a medical examination and receive cherished references, why are healthy people mow under the patients - in the MK material.

Valery Melnikov, Father Paralympic champion Olga Sokolova, revealed "MK" secrets of training of disabled athletes.

A small "twist" in the center of Moscow.I am met a middle-aged man. It seems: "Valery Melnikov, Father of the Paralympic champion in swimming Olga Sokolova. Himself is a multiple champion of Russia. "

We sit in the kitchen.

Valery - blind. At all. Reacts only on bright light. And that's it.To begin with, I introduces me to the case. Explains that swimmers-disabled vision are divided into three categories - B1, B2, B3. In international qualifications - other letters and numbers (S11, S12, S13). Essence alone.

Athletes speakers in category B1 - totally blind or react only to light. That's like me. I don't even react to your hand. The same situation and my daughter Olga. She is 36 years old, she acts in this difficult category. Athletes protruding by B1 swim in glasses whose glass is tightly sealed with a plaster or tape. After overcoming the distance, the glasses are checked by judges. These are nuances that concern only category B1.

In other categories, it seems, no rules and rules do not adhere to any. Here are the tricks begin. For example, the B2 category includes athletes who need to see the movement of the hand no further than 2 meters. In B3 - people who see no further than 6 meters. But notice, to see they should only move their hands, no finger movement. In essence, those who relate to the category B3 should not be 10 percent of vision. But it's all spelled out only on paper. In fact, the situation is different. It is not by chance that our athletes are constantly jumping out of B3 in B2. Make: they say, the vision has deteriorated. So, those who switched to B2, easier to conquer medals.

- Tell on specific examples.

For example, there is such a champion Anna Efimenko. It wears contact lenses, but the medical qualifications can be passed without them. You can also swim in the lenses, which is a direct violation of all rules. But no one checks out. This girl went to the second Olympics. Without medals, she naturally did not return. Although in London, "Gold" did not take. Yes, with vision, she really is worthless - she was given myopia. But in the contact lenses, she is almost a vigorous man. According to our coach, she does not even have a certificate VTEK (medical and labor expert commission, which establishes the cause of disability). I remember, Anya came up to me and said with reproach: "Valera, why are you lying that you don't see? You look right in your eyes! " And she was at that moment 5 meters from me. Imagine how good eyesight has it, if she saw where my pupil looks?

It turns out, almost any suraling person can rush to the blind, deceive doctors and rush to Paralympiad? ..

I have no idea how our paralympics pass a medical examination. But I think that without money and connections it does not do. I recently listened to a radio program dedicated to the Paralympiad. The ether of Svetlana Zhurov's skating, who also doubted the disability of our athletes. Then asked the reasonable question to the vice-president of the All-Russian Society of the Blind Lydia Abramova: "I look at our swimmer Savchenko and see that she is absolutely a silent person, it does not look like a disabled person - it can be seen in her eyes. How does she act in the blind program? " What Abramov found a worthy answer: "You know, it is very well adapted. Our blind learned to navigate the smell and sound. " I then laughed from the soul. Interestingly, and the car, too, can be driven by smell or by sound? This is spoken by all Paralympic. The girl more than once tried to push our guys: "How do you drive a car, and swim through B2?" She was not confused at all: "So what? I can drive a car, and so I do not see. "

"Healthy athletes on the medical examinations are scolding under the blind"

- With the London Paralympiad, your daughter Olga Sokolova returned without medals. What happened?

It was her fifth Olympiad. In London, Olya took only 7th place. Perhaps a bad performance influenced the atmosphere, in which she had to live for three weeks. Olya appears in the category B1. She is completely blind man. There is a special position that the blind athletes at competitions must go with the accompanying. So, my daughter went to London without his coach and without accompanying. Therefore, almost all three weeks spent in England, promoted in the hotel room. Only one day she persuaded the coach of another athlete to go out with her to the street and help buy souvenirs. Once she was helped to go down for breakfast. And so much to go out into the city, even speeches did not go - you wanted to accompany the blind and did not find it. Olga, after such a relationship, hysteria happened. Although it is a strong, exist person. And then I remembered the old days. I have been speaking for the national team of Moscow for 38 years. I also swim. Helping blind - always considered a matter of honor ... Now athletes who see, by themselves, the blindness - by themselves. Nobody will stretch anyone to help.

- But the question of accompanied by Paralympians was to negotiate in advance?

Before leaving, the Paralympic team took in the Kremlin. Suddenly, the Minister of Sports Mutko was nearby. The daughter explained to him that the blind athlete must necessarily insure the competition to avoid injury. When Paralympic floats, he does not see the wall - for this you need a coach who would guide his ward, suggested when you need to turn ... Orena conversation with the Minister of Sports interrupted the Vice President of the Society of Blinds: "Olya, do not come up with, you have accompanying ! " Nevertheless, the daughter went to London one ...

- Paralympic athletes communicate with each other?

A team of 13 swimmers went to London. On B1 passed only by my Olya and another woman from Volgograd. From men, two blinds - Alexander Chekurov from Volgograd and Rustam Nurmukhametov and Magnitogorsk. All others to the blind category are not related. Most of them ended ordinary sports schools, now learn at the Institute. In my opinion, only Alexander Golintovsky from Peter studied at school for blind. Although he sees it seems to be decent. Quietly one walks down the street, oriented, reads books. According to him, he just falls eyesight.

Does most of our disabled athletes are ordinary people, moreover, graduates of the sports school? ..

Most ended ordinary schools. From early childhood, they trained in sports schools. Here, for example, Dasha Stukalova, a young swimmer, a healthy maiden, behind her shoulders professional sportsshkol. After all, he did not missed Paralympiad. She did not pass through vision as a disabled. She told her: "You see well." But the coach of our team, Igor Tver, shortly before the Paralympics, took out to some international competitions for the blind, where she passed the selection. And after that, some miracle got access to Paralympiad.

- As far as I understand, the Paralympians themselves do not even try to hide an inflated ailment?

Everyone knows about everything, but silent. Take our champion Oksana Savchenko. The coach of our Paralympic national team gave her a ticket to life - transported her from Kamchatka to Ufa, allocated her apartment, made an athlete to the institute. After all, even her car was presented, on which she, it is not shy to drive around the city ...

Or a certain Stepan Smagin. He has one eye in vain, the other is a problem. So people do not even give a group of vision disability. Nevertheless, he has been performing at the Russian Championship for many years, participates in international competitions, represents our country at the European and World Championships. And on the last paralympiad, he was somehow pushed, but they warned that the last time I allow SMINA to play such a level. Nevertheless, he received her "gold" and premium.

Let's go further. The famous swimmer Alexander Nolovin-Lights. Also alleged blind! The guy since childhood was engaged in professional sports, graduated from the sports school, so far trains twice a day. Shows the results of a moaning master of sports. At the last championship of Russia, he sailed 100-voltage-style freestyle in 52 seconds! Believe it, it is fantastic! I swim all my life and I know: To achieve such results, you have to be healthy and talented. Those who communicate with Alexander believe that he is absolutely healthy. My familiar coach told that the medical board this athlete passes through its long-generated method.

- Is the blind athlete really can not achieve those heights in sports that are subject to moay?

Such units. Here Rustam Nurmukhamov was a sore. Elephant after injury. He began to train and achieved decent results. But this person is engaged in swimming for more than 10 years. Many training, therefore achieved decent results. In general, to prepare the blind athlete to the competition championship in the Russian championship, takes 8-10 years. I'm not talking about international competitions and especially about the Paralympic Games. The blind person you need to teach the swimming technique, to spend the workout with him twice a day, find the accompanying. And why so strain, if you can take a ready-made athlete from the sports school, who may have only any little little vision problems?

Millions for deception

- All these frauds are committed for earnings?

Why not? For example, for our national team now there are two paralympic from Belarus. In Belarus, the amount of premium for the medal is much lower, here are the guys and changed the country. These professional athletes received Russian citizenship, prescribed in Moscow. But can they be called disabled? Here Roma Makarova - Cataract, but he sees decently. Serge Punko, in my opinion, atrophy of the nerves, but percentage 30 he sees. And all these nuances coaches cover their eyes. The main thing - the athletes brought "Gold"! We are proud of you! Mushroom people!

- What is the reward for deception?

I'll tell you about Moscow. Participants in the Paralympic Games receive a monthly lifelong presidential scholarship in the amount of 30 thousand rubles. Of course, this amount will be indexed with time. Also, the Government of Moscow pays a scholarship to those athletes who in the championships of Russia occupy prizes. And it does not matter, "gold" you won or "bronze". There, too, falls the amount of about 10 thousand rubles. I always take part in such competitions, and for me such support is essential. If the athlete became the Olympic champion, he is paid about 90 thousand rubles every month.

- Separately pay and for the medal?

For "gold" we pay 4 million rubles. Pay no more than two awards. It turns out, the athlete received 8 million from the sports committee - and she was given the same amount in its region. We believe: Oksana's London Paralympiad earned a total of 16 million rubles. Crazy money! But the case is not limited to one paralympiage. All the same "disabled people" go to the World Cups, Europe, from where decent premium are brought from. Thus, making money. And here I can't blame anyone. Who will refuse such a temptation? ..

- Similar things began to occur when people realized that in the sport of higher achievements you can earn?

My daughter says: when athletes began to pay such huge awards, then it is a disgrace and flourished in a lush color.

- That is, before nothing has happened?

I'll tell you on my own experience. In 1973, I graduated from the boarding school for visually impaired children. I entered the company - then in Moscow there were about 17 enterprises for disabled victims. On the first day, Fizruk approached me, wrote me on swimming. I note that an employee of physical culture was attached to each such enterprise, and, as a rule, they were champions of the country. I trained a lot, I began to ride the competition. Soon I noticed a senior coach of the Moscow national team and invited blindly blind. Training started from 7 am. To get to the pool, I had to leave the house in 4.30. Life was boiling. Competitions were held almost every week. At the end of the year, sports evenings were arranged for disabled, artists appeared in front of us. There was no deception near. But the money, however, also did not pay. By the way, then there were only two categories of swimmers: B1 - totally blind and B2 - all others. The third group was not. Interesting moment: At that time, disabled people of the III group of vision were not allowed at the competition - they were considered in vain, although they had a certificate of disability. Now they are and those who do not have such a certificate at all.

- When did the first false dishes appear?

When the departures began abroad. Somewhere in 1979, the USSR first brought their disabled people to Poland. The composition of the national team was selected following the results of the USSR Championship. It seems this trip was still honest. But the following stands began. Abroad, because at that time everyone wanted to visit. In terms of deception "Ahead of the rest of the whole", Ukraine performed. The first time I noticed a substation in 1981, at the Championship of the country, which was held in Alma-Ata. There, Ukraine presented its athlete - "disabled in vision", some of Grechishnikov. At that time, this man was the country champion among sorts of dirling ... There was another curious character from Ukraine. Also allegedly blind. It was summed up long tongue. Once, after the end of the competition, we talked, and suddenly he suddenly blurted out: "Come to visit me, I will slide you on a motorcycle." We fell apart: how so, on a motorcycle?! He did not have anything to do, how to admit: "Our coach promised to give an apartment if we win the country championship. But then it all seemed unperventing it.

- When did Russia distinguish?

When for the first time our team went to Paralympiad in Seoul. It was in 1988. But then the scale of lies were not so catastrophic. The explicit substament happened in 2000 in Australia, where my daughter went. Then the country learned the name of our famous champion - Ufimz Andrei Strokin. It began to swim in the early 90s. Regularly won the first places at the European Championship, the world, brought Paralympic "Gold". Strokin constantly flashed on TV, they spoke about him on the radio, he was awarded with compliments: "Hero, Well done, courageous man." And everything would be fine, if about three years ago, Andrei Lokkin did not notice the car driving. Imagine, he himself overcame 250 kilometers to get to the city where the games were held! Well, now he is a famous champion, and he has nothing to be shy ...

"A normal person cannot constantly mow under the disabled"

- In the national teams of other countries - the same situation?

The worst thing is the world problem. Everything works at the same scheme, but maybe not in such volumes. For example, an athlete acts for Ukraine, which is part of the usual national swimming national team. Only among the greedy, he did not rise above the 5th place, but among the blind he was champion.

- This happens only among the disabled people in vision?

I was told about the case about one athlete-a porch. It was terribly terribly looking at him when he was chrome on the crutches in the stadium. But, returning to the hotel, Comrade instantly forgot about his ailment. One day at the airport he noticed that his suitcase was forgotten. So he grabbed crutches from the fright and rushed for the luggage that there is urine. And such punctures for lime disabled are constant. The same blinds first complain that neither the feature do not see, and then throw a look at the clock, located on the opposite pool wall: "There is still a lot of time." Or another Paralympic champion noted once on her rival new branded sneakers. It was not kept: "What are beautiful, branded slaps". It was her five meters. I saw a logo on other people's flipmers ... I all about what: a healthy person cannot control himself all the time, play the role of blind, so forgotten.

- Surely commentators like no other notice this deception?

Of course, they are not blind. And among us, blind, fools are also small. I remember, we sit at the next Russian swimming championship among the blind. The guys overcame a 100-meter. I hear, declare the results - 52 seconds, 53 ... I did not stand in shock, I voiced my thoughts: "Wow, disabled people! The results of healthy athletes show! " Here our champion Anna Efimova turns to me: "Now there is no disabled sports - now sport is professional." And then I thought. After all, she is right - everything, the disabled sports ended!

- If these facts are known to the whole world, why are everyone silent?

In front of London there was a small scandal, but then the story was hushed up. Fighters from Ufa appealed to the Paralympic Committee and in the All-Russian Society of Blinds in relation to the Bunchiki Oksana Savchenko. The guys then indignant: why is a healthy athlete ride to England, and the blind fighter is thrown overboard?! Answer guys did not receive. But here everything is obvious: Russia needs to be conquered "gold", and no matter what methods. Therefore, it is necessary to take no disabled for serious competitions, which is incomprehensible, will win or not, but those people who will definitely bring the country awards. That Oksana was an obvious applicant for gold medals. As a result, she went.

- Is it really none of these persons with disabilities take part in such competitions?

I will tell about the championship of Russia among the blind. At my time, teams from 18 regions arrived at such competitions. According to the situation, each team had to present at least 8 athletes, where 2 athletes from category B1 were to be completely blind. What do we see today? Now from each region for the Russian Championship comes one or two people. Because all the visually impaired people with disabilities understand: they never take the first places here, prospects for zero. And the point of participating in this circus? I have been 57 years old. I constantly occupy the first places in the championship of Russia. Do you know why? Because from the category B1, I go to the start. And they give me a gold medal. I am the champion of Russia. Of course, I feel good - because I get a pension for that. But should it be so? I understand that it is ridiculous. As for the Paralympiad, the real blind athletes remained from the strength of five people: two women who are already under 40, and three men. And that's it. There is no one for them.

- On the last Paralympiad, our real blind athletes won something?

Only four completely blind athletes came to the Paralympiad, which were categorized in 1. They did not win a single medal. And now they are hardly sent to the following games. Why, if they do not bring medals, you need to do it 10 times more than with healthy guys, - and the meaning of spending time and money for them? And the money is grouped there with colossal. Fees are held in Cyprus, in Switzerland, in the United Arab Emirates ... and why have it been to discover for people with disabilities, which may also not be glorifying Russia?

Opinion expert

We asked to comment on the situation of the first vice-president of the Paralympic Committee of Russia, president of the Federation of Sports Blind Lidia Abramov.

If earlier, many years ago, such things were still possible, now it is excluded. I think so. The fact is that after each championship of Russia, the prize-winners undergo a serious medical examination before the selection for more serious competitions. Next, athletes are subjected to in-depth medical examination, computer research. Moreover, each of them passes another medical examination two weeks before the competition and directly on the eve of the Games. If one or another disabled person does not correspond to the medical class - it is excluded from the team. Requirements are now very tightened. Of course, I am not a doctor and I can not determine if a person sees or not. Employees of the Paralympic Committee in the selection of athletes for competitions are guided only by medical conclusions. In the essence of medical questions, we do not delveue - here we are incompetent. So I completely trust specialists in this area. Of course, Russian wise men are capable of everything - can get a linden certificate; We also have one region, which previously sinned with similar frauds. But I want to hope that today the situation has changed.

material: Irina Bobrova