More detailed information on the deadlines for the reception of ecoprojects will appear in the near future.
Preparation for the Regional Stage
As part of the preparation for the regional stage, a series of lectures will be held in the EBC of the Cross Island:
December 26 at 18:00 - Consultation on the preparation for the Olympiad (the Stages of the Olympics will be covered (projects, theoretical and practical tours), the main points relating to the writing of a written tour and have stipulated new criteria for project evaluation)
City Ecology Competition among 7-8 classes "First Step"
We invite students of 7-8 grades who fulfill their environmental projects to participate in the annual urban competition on the ecology "First Step". Participation in the competition provides the opportunity to submit your own project and receive advice from experts to improve it, after which in the future to take part with a modified project in the 9-11th grades.
The situation of the competition can be found.
Reception of work on the competition will be held from 14 to 20 January electronically by email address: This email address is being protected from spam bots. You must have JavaScript enabled to view. In pdf format.
District Stage Wax on Ecology
Resume results Summary of environmental projects (Author's abstracts
On December 10, the EBC "The Cross Island" was shown a demonstration and appeal on the results of verification of a summary of environmental projects. With results after appeal can be found in
The district stage was held on a uniform platform in every area of \u200b\u200bthe city in one day - November 28 (Thursday) at 14:00. Information about the place of the stage can be found on the sites of the IMC district of the city. At this stage, participants of the school stage can be made, who scored a sufficient number of points, as well as winners and winners of the district stage of last year.
During the stage, participants will need to respond to theoretical questions. Participants from the 9-11th classes Also need to pass prepared in advance summary of the Environmental Project (Abstract) (see below). From the 8th grade participants, the resume will also be accepted.
Abstracts of projects
Participants from the 9-11 classes should be with themselves on theoretical tour printed or handwritten summary (abstract) of the research project, made on the appropriate form, which is available on our website in the formats and. Attention! Electronic filling of the blank is preferable than filling from hand.
We also, we suggest familiarizing yourself with a small selection that can be useful for preparing for the Olympics.
Tasks of past years
School stage
The school stage of the Ecology Olympics should take place in every school of the city. During the only tour, participants will have several written tasks, based on the results of which the rating lists will be drawn up and the passing points are determined to participate in the district tour. Students of 5-11 classes are allowed to participate. Schoolchildren can, if desired, to participate at the school stage of the Olympics for older parallels of classes. Such a step will allow the participants of the middle classes to take part in the regional stage, where only the 9-11th classes compete.
Tasks of the school stage
Below are the tasks of the school stage of 2018 and past years, developed for the school stage of the urban subject-methodical commission.
| Class | 2018 year | 2017 year | 2016 year | 2015 year | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| option 1 | option 2. | ||||
| 7-8th classes | , | , | , | , | , |
| 9th classes | |||||
In the All-Russian Olympiad schoolchildren on ecology, students of grades 5-11 can participate. On the first, school, stage, the main goal of the competition does not even identify the best connoisseurs of the subject, but to instill in children interest in this science. Therefore, many tasks do not require any special knowledge, carefulness and emotion are rather important for their implementation ...
The competition includes test tasks, as well as tasks in which you need not only to choose the answer, but also to justify it, or, for example, insert the missed word, establish a correspondence. The municipal stage is similar to the same way, but only schoolchildren of grades 7-11 can take part in it.
The regional stage is carried out for 9-11 classes, it takes place in three rounds. The first of them is a correspondence competition of environmental projects that are preparing in advance. Second round - full-time, theoretical: students need to perform written tasks. The last tour is oral, during it the participants will present their environmental projects to the members of the jury on the thematic section. For each speech is given no more than seven minutes.
At the final stage of the participants are waiting for two rounds: theoretical and protection of the project. When drawing up the text of the Olympics, the region is taken into account in which it is carried out: questions may concern local "red-born" species, specially protected areas, features of regional environmental management.
Winners and winners of the final stage receive benefits upon admission to the profile faculties of universities.
What's new
How to participate
- Start cooking the project if you are going to go to the regional stage. As a rule, the project preparation takes several months. Choose the topic in your interests.
- Notify your desire to participate in the school stage to the subject teacher, the class teacher or responsible for the Olympics at school.
- Find out at school when and where the Olympiad passes. Participate, recognize the results.
- Wait for ads of passing points to the municipal stage on the district site or find out the organizers.
- Participate in the municipal stage. Information about the place of study, find out at school and at the district site of the Olympiad.
- Wait for the results, see your job, compare with the criteria, ask the jury questions.
- Wait for passing points to the regional stage of the Olympics.
- Rent a ready-made draft jury regional stage.
- Come to the Regional Stage of the Olympics. The list of sites of the Olympics is published on the regional site.
- Wait for the results, see your job, compare with the criteria, ask questions about checking the jury. If necessary, appeal.
- Wait for the announcement of passing points to the final stage.
- Go to the final stage. Regional organizers will contact you and inform the necessary information. Good luck on the finals!
Information on the regional correspondence review competition of school forestry of general education organizations in the Kostroma region
In order to develop and improve the work of school forestry in accordance with the increase in their significance, and on the basis of the order of the Department of Education and Science of the Kostroma Region, the Forestry Department of the Kostroma Region No. 1411/399 of August 29, 2019 was held in October-November 2019 Regional correspondence reviews Competition of school forestry of general education organizations in the Kostroma region. In total, according to the reporting data of municipalities in the field of [...]
10 Feb.Results of the Regional Stage of the All-Russian Olympiad of Schoolchildren on Ecology
On February 7-8, 2018, on the basis of Ogpow "Kostroma Machine-Building Technical School" took place. The event was attended by 16 schoolchildren from 13 schools and 7 municipalities of the Kostroma region. On February 7, a theoretical tour was held, where participants showed knowledge of the basics of ecology. February 8 was the protection of environmental projects. When analyzing the Regional Stage of All-Russian [...]
Published in: News, Regional Stage of the All-Russian Olympiad Schoolchildren on Ecologyadmin. 10.02.2018 17 Jan.On the holding of the regional stage of the All-Russian Olympiad of schoolchildren
State institutional institution of additional education of the Kostroma region "Ecological and Biological Center" Forevo "named after Yu.P. Karvitsky "informs that 7, February 8, 2018 will be held the regional stage of the All-Russian Olympiad of Schoolchildren on Ecology. The Organizing Committee on the results of the municipal stage invites students to participate in the regional stage, which showed the results above the passage point (grade 9 - 16 b.; 10th grade - 14 [...]
Published in: News, Regional Stage of the All-Russian Olympiad Schoolchildren on Ecologyadmin. 17.01.2018 27 Feb.Results of the Regional Stage of the All-Russian Olympiad of Schoolchildren on Ecology
In accordance with the order of the Department of Education and Science of the Kostroma Region No. 2165 dated December 19, 2016 "On the establishment of the timing of the regional stage of the All-Russian School Olympiad in the 2016/2017 academic year," 18, February 20, 2017, a state institution of additional education of the Kostroma region " Ecological and biological center "Forevo" them. Yu.P. Karvitsky "on the basis of the MBOU city of Kostroma" Lyceum № [...]
Published in: News, Regional Stage of the All-Russian Olympiad Schoolchildren on Ecologyadmin. 27.02.2017 10 Feb.On the holding of the regional stage of the All-Russian Olympiad of schoolchildren on ecology - 2017
State institutional institution of additional education of the Kostroma region "Ecological and Biological Center" Forevo "named after Yu.P. Karvitsky "informs that 18, February 20, 2017 will be held the regional stage of the All-Russian Olympiad of schoolchildren on ecology. Participants who received 13 or more points are invited to participate. The Regional Stage Organizing Committee informs that the regional stage of the All-Russian Olympiad of Schoolchildren on Ecology will be held on the basis of MBOU City [...]
Published in: News, Regional Stage of the All-Russian Olympiad Schoolchildren on Ecologyadmin. 10.02.2017 06 Feb.On the results of the regional stage of the All-Russian Olympiad of schoolchildren on ecology
On February 4-5, 2016, in accordance with the order of the Department of Education and Science of the Kostroma Region No. 2534 dated December 21, 2015, the regional stage of the All-Russian Olympiad of Schoolchildren on Ecology was held. At the regional stage of the Olympiad, 30 students from 20 schools of the region took part: cities of Kostroma, Volgorechensk, Shargy, Manturovo, Buy, Sharinsky, Manturovsky, Bui, Nerekhist, Parfenyevsky, Soligalsky, Cologry and [...]
Published in: News, Regional Stage of the All-Russian Olympiad Schoolchildren on EcologyNoted:Texts of tasks and answers of the Ecology Olympiad
1. Type of task - selection of one correct answer from fourproposed(The correct answer is 2 points)
1. The territorial behavior of animals is most pronounced:
a) with a single lifestyle;
b) with a fairy lifestyle;
c) with a family lifestyle; +
d) with a rapid lifestyle.
2. The random distribution of individuals of one type in space is observed in nature when:
a) the environment is homogeneous and between individuals is very strong competition;
b) the environment of heterogeneous and individuals do not seek to unite in groups; +.
c) the environment is homogeneous and between individuals there is antagonism;
d) Wednesday is not homogeneous and individuals form various clusters.
3. Conscrees (groups of heterogeneous organisms) are formed in biogeocenosis based on:
a) topical connections;
b) phoric; +.
c) factory;
d) trophic.
4. Energy loss when using vehicles increase with:
a) an increase in the share of public transport;
b) improving the aerodynamic characteristics of trailers;
c) return of empty transport after shipping; +.
d) the creation of cars with a large run indicator per unit of fuel.
5. In the territories engaged in the colonies of Surkov, the main edifizers are:
a) turf cereals;
b) Surki; +.
c) hoof animals;
d) various weed herbs.
6. On the creation of a modern biosphere during the evolution of the biosphere significantly affected:
a) the emergence of blue-green algae; +.
b) the appearance of the first mammals;
c) the formation of sedimentary breeds;
d) the outpouring of magmatic lava.
7. The best indicators (indicators) of the state of the medium are species that:
a) require strictly certain conditions of existence; +.
b) exist in a wide range of environmental conditions;
c) adapt to the influence of anthropogenic factors;
d) manifest plasticity to the action of environmental factors.
8. Physiological adaptations to the lack of moisture in animals include:
a) the closure of the hole is highly sclerotized body segments;
b) the absorption of water in the intestine and the production of dry feces; +.
c) digging deep vertical holes, where there is always wet air;
d) protection of parts of the body in contact with the external environment, cuticle.
9. According to the rules of the pyramid of numbers, the total number of individuals involved in the supply chains, with each link:
a) decreases; +.
b) increases;
c) remains unchanged;
d) obeys sinusoid graphics.
10. Volumetric vision is characteristic of:
a) partridges, ducks, squorters, dyatlov, Filins;
b) owls, falcons, eagles, vultures, carakalov; +.
c) bees, dragonflies, ants, grip, butterflies;
d) horses, silent moles, saigas, bison.
11. The main edifiers of terrestrial biogeocenoses are usually certain types:
a) animals;
b) bacteria;
c) plants; +.
d) mushrooms.
12. In which of the international conventions, Russia (as part of the USSR) joined in February 1975:
a) Convention on Biological Diversity;
b) the Convention on Wetlands of International Meaning (Ramsar Convention); +.
c) Convention for the Conservation of Migratory Wild Animal Species (Bonn Convention);
d) Convention on the Protection of Wild Flora and Fauna and Natural Habitat in Europe (Bern Convention).
13. When transmitting energy from one trophic level to another, its losses occur:
a) within 10%;
b) within 90%; +.
c) within 20%;
d) within 78%.
14. The expression "no one does not die alone" corresponds to the following environmental principle:
a) the principle of biological substitution;
b) the principle of conscientation integrity; +.
c) the principle of feedback;
d) the principle of the founder;
15. Acute lack of oxygen is felt in water layers:
a) with a rapid constant surfactant;
b) highly populated by cyanobacteria and zooplankton; +.
c) with a large density of green algae;
d) highly populated with brown algae.
16. The concept of "ecological niche" was first introduced:
a) K. Timiryazev;
b) J. Grinell; +.
c) Yu. Odum;
d) V. Serebryakov.
17. The substance polluting the environment is called:
a) inhibitor;
b) attractant;
c) pollutant; +.
d) determinant.
18. The rate of accumulation of phytomass in communities is:
a) pure primary productivity; +.
b) gross primary productivity;
c) secondary productivity;
d) the productivity of the landscape.
19. The main reason for having lakes is:
a) fence water to irrigation;
b) reinforced recreation;
c) an increase in the receipt of suspended substances; +.
d) pollution by industrial wastewater.
20. The negative impact of photochemical smog on the health of people is enhanced:
a) in the presence of windane weather;
b) in a low non-refined basin; +.
c) in the early morning hours;
d) in the winter period of the year.
21. Animals and plants inhabiting arid ecosystems are characterized by features allowing:
a) radically change their physiology;
b) avoid dehydration; +.
c) produce numerous offspring;
d) Avoid hypothermia.
22. In accordance with the Constitution of the Russian Federation, everyone has the right to a favorable environment, which, according to Russian environmental legislation (the Federal Law of the Russian Federation "On Environmental Protection", 2002), provides:
a) sustainable functioning of natural environmental systems, natural and natural and anthropogenic objects; +.
b) maintaining the stable number of species listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation;
c) excess fertility over the death rate of the population of the Russian Federation;
d) steady economic growth.
23. The spread of life in the highlands is limited:
a) the pressure of atmospheric air; +.
b) the number of free moisture;
c) the intensity of sunlight;
d) ultraviolet radiation.
24. The decomposition of organic substances and sulfates by bacteria in soils, flames of the seas, aquifer flows:
a) without access of oxygen and in the absence of sulfates;
b) with the oxidation of sulfur separated in the form of H 2 S;
c) when accessing atmospheric oxygen, without the allocation of energy beneficial for microorganisms;
d) with the release of CO 2 and H 2 S. +
25. The physical factors of self-purification of water bodies include:
a) the oxidation of organic and inorganic substances;
b) dilution and mixing of incoming contaminants; +.
c) the presence of algae and microscopic mushrooms in the reservoir;
d) Water filtering with river mollusks.
26. Usually the most common organisms:
a) with a wide range of tolerance in relation to all environmental factors in places suitable for existence; +.
b) in which the tolerance range may be narrowed if the conditions on one environmental factor are not optimal;
c) with a wide range of tolerance in relation to one environmental factor and low in relation to another factor;
d) in which the tolerance range expands into particularly important (critical) periods of life of organisms (n-p, reproduction).
27. Messy leaves of trees form an OPEAD, which serves as a place of habitat and food for many organisms. What factors does this phenomenon relate to?
a) anthropogenic;
b) biotic; +.
c) abiotic;
d) integrated factors.
28. The hierarchy of the organization of living matter allows it to be divided into a number of levels, form the following series:
a) Molecular → Cellular → Tissue → Organized → Organize → Biocenotic → Population-species → Biosphere;
b) Molecular → Cellular → Tissue → Organized → Organizable → Population-species → Biosphere → Biocenecy;
c) Molecular → Cellular → Tissue → Organized → Organizable → Population-species → Biocenotic → Biosphere; +.
d) Molecular → Cellular → Tissue → Organized → Organism → Population-species → Biocenetic.
29. Pure primary productivity is .... :
a) the rate of accumulation of organic substances minus those that were spent in respiration and secretion for the period under study; +.
b) the rate of accumulation of organic substances by producers, including those that were spent during breathing and secretion for the studied period;
c) the rate of accumulation of phytomass per unit of time;
d) the rate of biomass per unit of time.
30. Soil mosses of fir forests belong to the environmental group:
a) helofitis;
b) hamfitis;
c) scyophytes; +.
d) terophytes.
31. National Parks in the Russian Federation began to be created:
a) simultaneously with reserves;
b) after the Great Patriotic War (the end of the 1940s);
c) after the Stockholm Environmental Protection Conference (1972);
d) from the mid-1980s. +.
32. Eutrophication of water bodies is:
a) a decrease in the amount of dissolved oxygen as a result of binding it to pollutant molecules;
b) direct depression and death of animal and plants as a result of their poisoning toxic pollutants;
c) the growth of biomass of blue-green algae, resulting in a decrease in oxygen concentration; +.
d) Reducing the ecosystem homeostasis.
33. In order to prevent oil from entering superficial and groundwater, it is not allowed:
a) the storage of oil in refinery in the areas of watersheds;
b) storage of oil in refinery in the sanitary protection zones of centralized water supply sources; +.
c) transportation of oil on water bodies;
d) Transportation of oil on water bodies without facilities of oil collecting devices and devices.
34. The use of mineral fertilizers is associated with risk, since:
a) most fertilizers do not provide plants with all the necessary nutrients;
b) fertilizers are poorly soluble in rainwater;
c) when washed with fertilizer fields, the reservoir eutropic may cause; +.
d) Fertilizers are toxic for trees and forest plants.
35. Dramatification, overpowering and soil salinization are caused by such a type of economic activity as:
a) oil and gas production;
b) deforestation;
c) the construction of hydroelectric power plants and the creation of the reservoir;
d) irrational management of agriculture. +.
36. Spot into the soil of green fertilizer (usually - legumes) in order to improve the soil and increase the yield of valuable crops is called:
a) verification;
b) derivation
c) the seed; +.
d) denudation.
37. The main environmental factor limiting life in the Arctic Tundra is:
a) low average temperatures varying by season;
b) snow cover in combination with storm cold winds; +.
c) considerable humidity and almost daily falling precipitation;
d) the height of elements of the relief above sea level, the steepness of the slopes.
learn
38.Anato morphological signs, which indicate the adaptability of organisms to anemochory, are:
a) well-pronounced pigmentation; Partially reduced eyes;
b) an increase in body area due to increased and severe dismemberment; +.
c) a large relative surface, sowed around the edges of the wings;
d) a small compact body with elongated rear limbs.
39. An indicator of the demographic structure of populations is considered:
a) the ratio of female and male individuals; +.
b) the relationship between individuals of different generations;
c) the location of individuals according to individual sites;
d) the duration of seasonal migrations.
40. The maximum birth rate is determined:
a) the territorial behavior of males;
b) the physiological fertility of females;
c) a tendency to migrate newborns;
d) the richness of the feed resources of the population. +.
2. Type of task- choosing one right answer out of four offered with his justification(correct answer - 2 points, justification - from 0 to 2 points) maximum number of points for the test - 4
41. Usually, when attacking predators, protection in stainary fish associations is implemented by:
a) a continuous change in the direction of movement of all individuals; +.
b) distracting maneuver group of dominant individuals;
c) rapid acceleration of the movement of the entire flock in the direction of the predator;
d) the desire for dispersonation as much as possible.
Usually, fish are grouped into a flock only in the bright time of the day, with visual contact with other individuals, and dispersed overnight. In bulk, single fish are filled with a predator several times faster than the members of the flock. The group is carried out by a "circular review", thanks to which the predator is harder to approach unnoticed. In addition, the numerous of moving individuals disorientates the enemy. The bodies of fish, continuously changing the direction of movement, create flicker, makes it difficult to fix look at individual individuals, and make impossible targeted throws. A flock quickly maneuver with danger, looking at the predator, who, rushing in her middle, turns out to be in emptiness. For the behavior of fish in a pack, a simulation reflex is characterized - imitating the actions of neighbors.
42. The circulation of phosphorus and other mineral biogenes within the natural ecosystem is carried out:
a) if the withdrawal of biogenic from the soil carried out during photosynthesis is compensated by the introduction of mineral fertilizers;
b) if the products of life-containing biogens are deposited in places of absorption of the corresponding elements; +.
c) if the extraction of biogenic soils and moving them over long distances beyond the ecosystem does not violate the cycle;
d) if the accumulation rate of the organic matter at a given trophic level and transfer it to the superior balanced.
Justification of choosing the right answer:
Phosphorus and other mineral bioogens are circulated within the ecosystem only when the "waste" of life contains is deposited in the absorption places of the corresponding element. In natural ecosystems, it is advantageously happening. However, the intervention of a person consistent with the harvest containing the biogens extracted from the soil, and moving it to long distances to the consumption places violates the cycle. Human life waste is mostly in the reservoirs. The withdrawal of phosphorus from the soils of fields in modern agriculture is compensated by the introduction of mineral phosphoric fertilizers derived from natural apatites.
Cash biomass of producers or consonutors in specific ecosystems depends on how the rate of accumulation of organic matter on a certain trophic level and transfer it to the higher, i.e. How much strongly remedy formed stocks.
43. As the natural ecosystem of the phases of Suksessia passing:
a) the rate of gauge of biomass increases and at the stage of the mature community reaches its
maximum values;
b) the increasing share of available nutrients accumulates in the biotope and biomass of the community;
c) the energy value of pasture trophic chains for biocenosis decreases, and dedicated trophic chains is enhanced; +.
d) more and more, as in any equilibrium systems, overall productivity increases, energy costs increase with breathing.
Justification of choosing the right answer:
As the phases are passed, the compliant share of available nutrients is accumulated in the biomass of the community and, accordingly, their content in the abiotic part of the ecosystem (biotope) decreases. As the amount of detritus increases, it becomes the main power source. As a result, the role of pasture chains is becoming less significant, and dedicated is enhanced. When the ecosystem is approaching the condition of the climax, in it, as in any equilibrium systems, the slowdown in all processes occur.
44. The driving force of the ecological sukcession is:
a) the incompleteness of the adaptation of the components of biocenosis of populations to the rhythmic fluctuations in abiotic factors associated with the daily and seasonal changes in the conditions of this biotope;
b) the instability of the habitat affecting the fundamental properties of biocenoses associated with an increase in the mass of the chemical elements involved in the biological circulation;
c) the infant continuous, cyclic, natural, but uneven in time and the space of the redistribution of substance, energy and information within the given ecosystem; +.
d) instability of species composition and basic forms of biotic relations caused by the transition of the asymimylated plant energy from a concentrated form in a scattered one.
Justification of choosing the right answer:
Suksessia is the process of community self-development. At the heart of Suksessia lies incomplete the biological cycle in this biocenosis. Each living organism as a result of vital activity changes around itself Wednesday, from her part of the substances and saturately by the products of metabolism. With a more or less long existence of populations, they change their environment in an unfavorable side and as a result turn out to be displaced populations of other species, for which caused transformations are environmentally beneficial.
The cycle of biological (biotic) is a phenomenon of continuous, cyclic, natural, but uneven in time and space of the redistribution of substance, energy and information within the ecosystems of various hierarchical levels - from biogerocenosis to the biosphere.
In the natural ecosystem, the balance is constantly maintained, excluding the irreversible destruction of those or other links of the trophic chain. Almost every ecological system is adapted to rhythmic changes in abiotic factors. The reaction is expressed in the change in the activity of biocenoses and is mainly due to the daily and seasonal changes in the conditions of habitat.
45. The capacity of the biosphere as a global ecosystem is determined by:
a) the speed of accumulation in the live matter of the biosphere is becoming increasingly shares of available nutrients and, according to the rate of decrease in their content in the abiotic (oblique) part;
b) the ability to regenerate the substances seized from the environment, regeneration of air and water basins and land, as well as the power of biogeochemical circulation streams; +.
c) the speed of the development of the living space by means of intensive reproduction and the rate of increase in organisms the surface of its body and / or the communities formed;
d) the ability to use for the synthesis of the necessary cell substances the radiant energy of the Sun, captured by plants on the surface of the earth and penetrating the upper layers of the hydrosphere.
Justification of choosing the right answer:
As the phases under the PAZs are passing, the increasing share of available nutrients is accumulated in the biomass of the community and, accordingly, their content in the abiotic part of the ecosystem decreases.
The biosphere is the area of \u200b\u200bsystemic interaction of the living and planet substance. It is a global ecosystem - a set of all biogeocenoses (ecosystems) of our planet.
Obviously, the biosphere as a single biological system has an appropriate capacity and with its natural resources is able to feed only a limited number of people.
The capacity of natural ecosystems is determined by their ability to regenerate withdrawn resources and to restore the main natural "reservoirs" (air and water basins and lands), as well as the power of biogeochemical circulation streams.
The living substance is characterized by certain properties: the desire to fill out all the surrounding space - "pressure of life" by N.F. Rayimers. The ability to quickly master the space is associated with intensive reproduction and the ability of organisms to intensively increase the surface of their body or the communities formed.
3. Type type - selection of one correct response from four offered with its justification(correct answer - 2 scorejustification of the correct answer - from 0 to 2 points) and justify the three other incorrect answers(For each rationale from 0 to 2 points). The maximum number of points for the test - 10.
46. \u200b\u200bPlants of meadow ecosystems are distinguished by the large intensity of photosynthesis, which is the basis of their high economic productivity (an above-ground phytomass, cut with a decoupling or bleaching). The floristic composition of meadow herbs is very diverse, therefore 4 groups of plants are isolated on their economic significance:
cereals, legumes, dissemination, sources. The highest economic
the value is characterized by a group comprising:
a) the hedge of the national team, Belous sticking, slide creeping, pallet (calg);
b) the hedge of the national team, Timofeevka meadow, the clover is red, an ordinary yarrow; +.
c) Lugovik Folded, clover creeping, sorrel pyramidal, geranium meadow;
d) the eroch of the national team, Lyadenets, horned, richly golden, downtime.
Justification of all answer options:
The answer would be the right. Among the listed types of hedgehog, the team and Timofeevka meadow belong to the group zlatkov And these two species determine the most economic productivity of the meadow. Among the plants, a special place occupies a red clover, referring to the second group - bean, among which this species is most valuable in economic relations. An early millennium applies to the group - disintegration The plants of which are important to have a less valuable feed value, but this species has a primary feed value, but this species has a primary feed value, compared with other types of this group. Thus, this meadow has high feed dignity.
The answer a) is not true. Among the listed types to the group zlatkov There are two types, of which only the hedgehog team has high feed productivity. Belous protrusion forms dense and short turns with shortened shoots, so compared to other cereals has a minor feed value. All types of ontus are belonging to the group - difficultureand they have a low feed value, in addition, the blooming species significantly reduce the economic productivity of the meadow, since their flowers contain calories that adversely affect the health of pasture animals. Phackle (Calgan) also belongs to distributionand noticeably reduces the feed dignity of the meadow, as thick riveted rhizome contains many tannins. Thus, the nepochtka has no high feed dignity.
The answer c) is not true. To group cereals, As the most valuable in the economic value of species, the Lugovik belongs to the turf, but its coarse leaves do not represent a large quote value. Clover Creeping Group - bean, It has an important economic significance, but due to low-speed voids is inferior to other types of clover. To the group - disintegration Belows geranium meadow and sorrel. Geranium meadow enough food belongs to low-value economic feed plants. Soul Pyramidal also refers to low-value plants and reduced economic productivity by plants, as it has a thick, deeply extinguishing root in the soil, quite rough and high stem and inflorescence, and the leaves are edible to ripening seeds. Thus, it has low feed dignity.
The answer d) is not true. Among the listed plants only hedgehog team has high feed dignity and refers to the group - cereals.Ladvinets hand belongs to the group - legumes and certainly improves the economic importance of the meadow as all the plants of the bean family, although during the flowering period the plant is poisonous. Golden butterfly, belonging to the group - disintegrationlike all buttercups contain alkaloids, reflecting the economic productivity of the meadow, so adversely affect animal health. Ospel Maspiece refers to the fourth group of plants - cereals that have the lowest economic productivity. Thus, the meadow has low feed dignity.
4. Type of taskassumes a choicethree most faithful answers, Of the six offered. INibor aboutto devour.Maximum score - 6.
47. How will the life of the oak change, if all the vegetable insects will be destroyed in it:
a) there will be an increase in the number of vegetative animals, eating foliage and bark of trees (moose, boars, roe deer, hares, etc.), which will lead to the fallout of the teen oak;
b) the number of insectopillary plants will decline dramatically; +.
c) the state of the oak is improved, because Most of the vegetative insects are pests of trees, eating kidneys, foliage, bark (cores, leafpers, etc.), in their absence, the development of trees will occur better;
d) the number of threatens the number or insectivore organisms (consutions II of the procedure) will disappear; +.
e) a part of chemicals that destroyed insects will fall into the soil, all violations can lead to the death of the oak; +.
e) the state will remain stable, because Residential insects as a result of chemical substances will be replaced in food chains of herbivanny animals, the number of which will regulate predators and there will be only some change in the power supply chains.
Justification of the right answers: b) Since the vegetation insects are pollinators of plants; d) because there will be a power circuit disruption; e) Because it will initially lead to a violation of the vital activity of plants, the death of soil flora and fauna and, accordingly, the death of biocenosis.
Evaluation of the solution of the problem 47:
| The answer includes all the elements named above, and gives full clarification. | |
| The answer includes 2 -3 of the above elements above and does not contain biological and environmental errors, ORthe answer includes 2-3 of the elements named above, but contains non-unbound biological errors | |
| The answer includes 1 of the above elements | |
| Wrong answer | |
| Maximum score |