In this article, we will consider the question of how to make a crossbow using the constructive knowledge of crossbow building.
To make a reliable crossbow on your own, there is not much hard work and desire. You still need to have a small knowledge base, material and technical. Of course, you can take a piece of wood and a car spring, and, with the stubbornness of a maniac, start sharpening, planing, drilling, sawing, focusing approximately on the images of the crossbow design found. But the result may turn out to be that the crossbow will be too heavy, uncomfortable, and in general it may not turn out what you dreamed of and what you wanted.
What to do? First of all, you should determine exactly what kind of crossbow you need to make. After all, there are a large number of types of this throwing weapon and each has its own unusual technical features that determine completely different techniques for making and using crossbows in practice.
Further, you need to accurately assess your ability in terms of equipment, with the help of which you will do the details of the crossbow with your own hands. And, finally, think carefully about where and what material should be taken to create a particular design.
Well, let's start by replenishing the knowledge base about crossbows and their types, because without this you simply cannot move on. First, let's see the general structure of this weapon.
In most cases, any crossbow has the following mechanisms and parts:
- Crossbow guides and stock;
- Shoulders and bow;
- Trigger mechanism;
- Tensioning device;
- Arrows (bolts);
- Bowstring.
Now you need to touch on the classification of crossbows a little. All of them are classified according to certain criteria.
Shoulder tension classification:
- Tension level up to 20 kg. Such crossbows are often used for entertainment and recreation; of course, they are not suitable for any serious tests. The target range is not very large (approximately 15-20 meters);
- Tension level 20-55 kg. These crossbows allow the trigger to cock with muscular strength, without any device needed. Their sighting range is approximately 60-80 m;
- Tension level over 55 kg. Such crossbows are a serious weapon that requires tensioning the bowstring with special cocking devices.
Classification by type of bow used:
- Monoluk. It can be homogeneous, made of steel or fiberglass, or composite using specific types of wood;
- Shoulders + last. In this case, a block is used to secure the shoulders of the bow - an intermediate device. Such a crossbow is quite convenient for transportation, because easily understands.
Classification by the type of shoulders used:
- Block - with the use of rollers and eccentrics, as well as having a main and 2 additional bowstrings;
- Straight - the shoulders in an unbent position constitute a straight segment;
- Traditional - S-shaped arched bend.
Classification by the used stock of the crossbow:
- A traditional screw-type stock with a solid stock, neck and forend;
- Old-style stock, which are made after the example of medieval crossbows;
- Sports stock with a slot in the butt and pistol grip.
Tension classification:
- Muscular type of tension - has a system of levers, stirrup, special hook;
- "Goat's Leg" is a one-arm lever;
- Gate - the device has a worm gear and a toothed rack;
- Multi-roller block tensioning.
Now that you have some idea of \u200b\u200bthe design of crossbows, it's time to decide which design is right for you, taking into account your technical capabilities. In other words, make sure you have the ability to use wood and metalworking machines. It is worth believing that having only a drill, a plane and a hacksaw for metal, you can hardly make a high-quality crossbow with your own hands. Many parts can only be produced by an experienced turner. Even if you have detailed drawings of the crossbow in your hands, you will have to use maximum invention, effort and ingenuity to do everything technically competently and beautifully.
How to make a crossbow for your physical. options
We will start making a crossbow with our own hands from the bed. First, let's take a suitable wood. We need a kind of wood that will not split, warp, knitting will be enough. The following breeds fully meet these parameters: walnut, birch, ash, beech. Undoubtedly, such a tree can be found in any hardware store in our country, so there are no problems.
For a bed, a board with a thickness of 30 cm is quite suitable as a starting material (it is not recommended to take more - there is simply no need to take it). Now you need to decide on the size of the bed. The figure below shows how to select its size for your own physical parameters.
Where:
A Are your main physical dimensions:
L - Distance from the elbow to the end of the index finger;
B2 - width chest;
H3 - the distance from the pupil to the clavicle.
B - stock dimensions:
Lp - the length of the stock, which is measured from the front segment of the trigger to the heel of the butt (about 5-15 mm longer than half of the occipital part of the butt);
Lps - length from half of the occipital part of the butt to the trigger (distance L);
Lн - false length from the toe of the butt to the trigger (+/- 15 mm shorter or longer than the distance to the half of the occipital part of the butt);
a - the distance in front of the butt of the fold of the stock to the bottom;
about - the distance from the heel of the butt to the bend of the stock to the bottom (the sizes "a" and "o" are made depending on the indicators of H3).
IN - retraction of the bed and change to the side, which depends on the width of the chest (B2):
Op - the distance from the heel of the butt to the withdrawal of the stock;
is he - the distance from the toe of the butt to the take-off of the stock.
The stock should be measured from the start of the trigger to different points, which are located on the back of the butt. To make the bed fit your body, you need to use the picture above. But the average sizes are as follows:
From heel to the beginning of the trigger - 36-36.5 cm;
The distance from the hook to the toe of the butt is 36.8-37.2 cm;
To the midpoint, which is located on the occipital plane - 35.6-36 cm, "a" - 4-4.5 cm, "b" - 5.5-6 cm.
| Arm length, cm |
Stock length up to mid-occiput butt, cm |
Pupil height above clavicle, cm |
Vertical bend from the extension of the sighting line to the upper ridge of the butt, mm |
Chest width between axillary depressions, cm |
Side retraction of the buttstock from the vertical aiming strip, mm | ||
| at the neck | at the back of the head | in the heel of the back of the butt | in the toe of the butt | ||||
| 42 | 38-40 | 23 | 42-44 | 66-70 | 50-52 | 18 | 6 |
| 41 | 37-39 | 22 | 41-43 | 65-69 | 48-49 | 17 | 5.6 |
| 40 | 36-38 | 21 | 40-41 | 64-68 | 46-47 | 16 | 5 |
| 39 | 35-37 | 20 | 39-40 | 63-65 | 44-45 | 15 | 45 |
| 38 | 34-36 | 19 | 37-38 | 60-62 | 42-43 | 14 | 4 |
| 37 | 33-35 | 18 | 35-36 | 58-59 | 40-41 | 12 | 35 |
| 36 | 32-34 | 17 | 34-35 | 57-58 | 38-39 | 10 | 3 |
| 35 | 31-33 | 16 | 33-34 | 56-57 | 36-37 | 8 | 2.5 |
| 34 | 30-32 | 15 | 32-33 | 55-56 | 34-35 | 6 | 2 |
| 33 | 29-31 | 14 | 31-32 | 53-54 | 32-33 | 4 | 15 |
Having taken measurements of your body, focusing on this table, you can choose the optimal dimensions for your bed, which will suit you almost perfectly. Complicated? Not scary, as they say - "It is hard in training, easy in battle."
After that, you can proceed directly to the manufacture of the bed itself. To begin with, it is recommended to cut a template out of paper. On it we draw a stock according to the dimensions, which were measured and determined using a table. Sketches of different crossbow stocks are available on the Internet.
We will tell you how to make a crossbow stock, shoulders and trigger step by step in other articles. In this case, our task is to determine the dimensions of the crossbow parts necessary for us and the materials from which they will be made.
Now let's see where to start creating the arms of the crossbow. And we start, as usual, with the choice of the material from which the shoulders will be made. It seems to me that many immediately determine what kind of crossbow will be made: with a mono bow or with a compound bow.
The material for creating the shoulders should be as follows:
- If you have a sports bow, then you can use the shoulders from it. You can go to some sports section, where you can get decommissioned bows completely free - they will still be thrown away. They, however, can be used for weak crossbows, with a tension of up to 20 kg;
- Fiberglass or textolite is sold in ordinary hardware stores. The tension force is also low - up to 20 kg. Typically used to create crossbows for entertainment purposes;
- Car Springs - Look in your garage, neighbor's, and technical junkyard. In principle, finding her problem will not be - there would be a desire;
- CFRP, fiberglass, various composite materials - again, we go to hardware stores.
There are similar materials in any store, and at fairly affordable prices.
Highest quality crossbow shoulders come out of composite materials and fiberglass. Below is a drawing with the dimensions of the arms of their fiberglass with a tensile force of up to 40 kg.
To create a mono-bow, you can use an automobile spring. The bowstring is fixed to it with the help of wheels or pulled over a trident.
Monoblock drawing size table.
| Tension force, kg | Bowstring working stroke, mm | Dimensions, mm | Width, mm | Thickness, D, mm | Weight, kg | |||
| A | B | C | (in the center) | (at the ends) | ||||
| 60 | 145 | 545 | 70 | 25 | 25 | 8 | 4 | 0.58 |
| 75 | 160 | 572 | 75 | 25 | 25 | 8 | 5 | 0.68 |
| 100 | 160 | 572 | 75 | 25 | 25 | 10 | 6 | 0.85 |
| 120 | 180 | 675 | 70 | 25 | 30 | 10 | 5 | 1.00 |
| 120 | 180 | 660 | 90 | 35 | 30 | 10 | 5 | 1.00 |
| 120 | 180 | 690 | 100 | 35 | 30 | 10 | 5 | 1.10 |
| 280 | 180 | 680 | 100 | 35 | 30 | 12 | 6 | 1.35 |
| 325 | 180 | 675 | 100 | 50 | 40 | 12 | 9 | 1.95 |
With your permission, it's time to finish the review of the sizes that you can use to create a crossbow with your own hands. In the following articles, we will take a closer look at which triggers can be used for a crossbow. And also consider the drawings of triggers, which are common today in crossbow building.
Based on materials from the site: sekach.ru
In addition, it will be interesting to shoot from such a weapon yourself. Everything is done quite simply, here you can completely do with hand tools. The crossbow turned out to be quite powerful, as for practice shooting. It uses double shoulders, which increases the rigidity of the bow and allows you to throw arrows from a tree at high speed. The author uses self-tapping screws as an arrowhead, but you can show your imagination and come up with something more interesting.
Materials and tools used
List of materials:
- timber;
- PVC pipe;
- two screws;
- strong rope;
- wooden rods for arrows;
- adhesive tape (for plumage).
Tool list:
- hacksaw or pendulum saw;
- jigsaw;
- belt sander;
- drill;
- marker;
- roulette;
- screwdriver;
- building hair dryer;
- vice;
- oil for wood processing;
- paint for painting onions (optional).
Crossbow making process:
Step one. Cut out blanks
The first step is to cut the wooden beam, it will be used to make the base. We also need to cut the pipe. You should have two pieces, one long and one short. See the dimensions in the photo.
Step two. We make a bed
We make the bed from a wooden bar. First of all, we will make the necessary markup using a marker. Well, then we cut out the excess parts using a jigsaw, a jigsaw will perfectly cope with this task.
Step three. Let's make a bow
Our bow consists of two parts, which increases its rigidity. Everything is made from PVC pipes, which need to be made flat. To do this, we need a vise with a wood insert so that no prints remain on the pipes. We heat the pipe with a construction hairdryer until it becomes soft, and then squeeze it in a vice. We heat the areas step by step and squeeze. Finally, we form the desired bow profile.
Step four. Bow attachment
To attach the bow, we look for its center, and then drill two holes, as the author. For fastening, we use two self-tapping screws, as well as washers. But do not fasten the bow tightly yet, it still needs to be finalized.
Step five. Modifying the bow
The essence of the refinement is to make grooves at the ends of the shoulders, to which the bowstring can be tied. We make the markings and cut out the excess parts with a jigsaw. As for the short shoulder, here at the ends you need to make grooves so that the bowstring does not fly off.
Step six. Setting the bowstring
We use a synthetic strong rope as a bowstring. Cut off two pieces of the required length and melt the ends with a lighter. Well, then we tie the main bowstring to the ends of the shoulder with a slight tension. As for the extra shoulder, you will need another rope to use it. How everything connects can be seen in the photo.
Step seven. Arrangement of the trigger
The trigger mechanism is of the trigger type. It consists of two parts, one is the trigger, and the second is a piece with teeth, one of which it holds the bowstring, and the other rests on the trigger. These parts can be cut out of plywood using a jigsaw.
Step eight. Making arrows
Arrows are made from wooden rods. To stabilize the flight, make a plumage for them, the author used adhesive tape for this. Well, at the end of the arrow you need to install some kind of weight, the author wrapped a self-tapping screw there. If desired, you can cut off the head and sharpen the rod.
Well, well, searches on the Internet have yielded results. I finally found normal drawings in compliance with GOST.
Given the available material and some equipment, it will not be difficult to make a real (or almost real).
At the end of the page is placed photo of homemade crossbowmade according to these drawings from scrap materials.
Naturally, it will not replace a purchased crossbow, (after all, the build quality and structure of the material in the factory version is not the example above) but shoot at
So, before you is a general diagram of a homemade crossbow.
What does it consist of given view crossbow:
Stock, shoulders, butt, trigger, sighting device, block system.
The bed is best made from natural hardwood, solid or glued beams. Select the size at your discretion, but
Crossbow shoulders and decks
If there is a stock of small arms, then it would be an ideal solution, but you can try to shoot "Buratino" yourself.
Block crossbow construction facilitates the cocking of the bowstring, but perfectly retains power and allows it to be worn cocked for a long time
Machining the boom guide must be particularly precise. The lines must be smooth and straight. Accuracy depends on this and
bowshot. It is best to do this on a milling machine, and then carefully process it with sandpaper. Then polish the groove.
The crosspiece with shoulders installed from the end of the bed is better made of an aluminum plate, but you can also make a wooden
Do not forget to make an aiming device consisting of a rear sight and a front sight. You can make a mount for an optical sight.
where you can order the execution of any drawings.
It remains to take the instrument in hand, charge good mood and take on the goal. Good luck!
P.S.
The article is rewritten. The administrator is not responsible for the accuracy of the information. Everything you do, you do at your own peril and risk.
Reading time ≈ 8 minutes
Today, making a crossbow with your own hands at home is not so difficult if you have the necessary drawings and a desire to work hard. With modern materials and tools on hand, you can make both hunting and tournament and sporting weapons.
What we gained and what we lost
Unfortunately, the centuries-old experience of our ancestors in making crossbows and bows has been largely lost. Many secrets remain forever in the depths of time. But the current generation has finally realized the importance of crossbows and bows. The ability to make such weapons is back again. More and more people become his fans, joining the ranks of modern Robin Hoods. Now everyone can make a crossbow. Next, we revealed all the features and detailed instructions creating a crossbow at home.
Features of creating a crossbow at home
Today on the Internet you can find a lot of proposals for the purchase of a ready-made crossbow. Many models for very different tastes, but it is worth noting that the price will be varied. Nevertheless, there are a lot of people who want to make throwing weapons with their own hands. Initially, a beginner may get lost in a series of actions, but now we will tell you how to make a crossbow with your own hands at home and provide drawings so that everything is as correct as possible. This is very important, because even small manufacturing errors can lead to unpleasant and unexpected surprises in the future, up to and including injury.
Before starting the process of making the device, you should dwell on two important points.
- On the territory of our country, the crossbow is used exclusively for entertainment or sporting events and events. Using it as a hunting weapon is strictly prohibited! All types of throwing weapons that have a tension gain of 43 kg or more are combat types, as in the photo. In this case, you must have a special permit for use, which can be obtained from the Ministry of Internal Affairs.
Combat crossbow
- A crossbow is a special construction that is subjected to incredible stresses during use. That is why it is important to follow all the rules for its manufacture and not to allow even the slightest mistakes and errors. Otherwise, you may be injured during operation. Do not forget about the multiple safety margin that absolutely all structural elements must have.
It is very easy to get hurt with an incorrectly made crossbow.
Making a bow
One of the main components of the entire structure and the engine of the crossbow was the bow. It is a plate with high elasticity and a complex shape. Such a plate has a bend. For greater functionality, one more bend is created at both ends.
Crossbow making should always start with a bow. The rest of the components should simply be selected for it:
- stock parameters;
- what will be the mechanism for the descent;
- which tension is better - block or recursive.
The bow is the main link of the crossbow
How to choose a material for making?
A crossbow can be made from several materials - wood, metal or composite. But which one is better to choose is up to you:
- wood - it is better not to use it as the main material. The wood that can be found in the yard is not of sufficient quality for a homemade crossbow. A branch from the forest will eventually lose its original appearance and properties due to drying out. Although this option is suitable for short-term use. For example, play shooting games in the summer at the dacha. Despite this, ready-made models of the Scorpion and Tarantula crossbows, which consist precisely of wood, have become quite popular;
- composite - consists of fiberglass, which is interconnected by an epoxy binder. This material at first glance it seems simple and perfect. But only at first glance. The downside is the obligatory perfect adherence to all the nuances of the manufacturing instructions - an accurate calculation of the proportion of the mixture, adherence to drying conditions and correct exposure. It is almost impossible to create and maintain such important conditions at home.
Crossbows are made of anything
Metal
He should be given a separate place among all materials. It has no alternatives or competitors. Owners of old "Muscovites" with leaf springs will definitely win.
You only need 1 sheet - the second in size. If you are not afraid of the size, then you can make a crossbow from the first sheet. The first one is even more profitable to use due to the presence of tubes at the edges. We can say that you have the bracket on which the bowstring or blocks is attached.
You will need a block to attach the bow to the stock. It has the shape of the letter P and, as it were, hugs the box from the front. Its fastening can be of two types:
- weld tightly to the spring plate by welding. But this option is unsafe and impractical. Each time, an excessive load will act on the welded seams, which sooner or later will lead to the separation of the part;
- use on a ball joint block. This part from VAZ2108 or 09 is ideal. You need to fix the bow on the pin itself. The ease also lies in the fact that the sheet has a suitable hole for this.
Important: The connection with bolts, and ideally with rivets, is many times better than a conventional welded seam, since this part of the crossbow experiences huge vibration overloads. Homemade pulleys can also be found among the Moskvich spare parts. For this, the elements of the window regulators will fit.
Separately, you should pay attention to the manufacture of the bowstring. In order not to look for a suitable element for a long time, many use a metal cable (very thin). But this option is better to replace with a strong climbing repscord, with a cross section of 5 to 8 mm. The cable is unreliable due to the fact that it cannot withstand the incoming changing loads for a long time.
Repshnur will allow you to use the crossbow for a long time and safely
When you have selected the material of the bowstring and attached it to the bow, it does not hurt to try it for bending. It is best to use a dynamometer for these purposes (for 100 - 150 kg). After such tests, you will determine the important parameters that will be useful in the further manufacture of the crossbow:
Crossbow test
Lodge creation
An equally important element is the crossbow stock. In this case, it is impossible to do without wood as the main material. But not all wood can be used. For example, you should give up aspen, spruce, alder and pine. A good option considered oak, beech, elm. For a good crossbow, such a blank must be perfectly dried within a couple of decades, which is, in principle, unrealistic for ordinary home-made.
Lodge drawing
For a homemade crossbow, 7 - 9 mm plywood with moisture resistant properties is suitable. Then, from this material, 3 - 5 contours of the future part should be cut and all connected with epoxy resin. Despite the external unpresentability, such a detail will be extremely reliable and strong.
Before making a stock, pay attention to some features:
- shape: it is better not to choose a semi-pistol shape. A straight English stock is optimal. The advantage was not only ease of creation, but also increased strength;
- when you collect all the elements of the box, take into account the course of the bowstring and the load that is created. The bowstring stroke is the distance from the trigger groove to the block itself. Load - the thickness of the false walls where it is fixed. In a straight English stock there is no such refinement between the forend and the butt, as in the semi-pistol version;
- the arrow guide is the main element of the stock. Make sure it is smooth and strong enough. Don't worry about how to make such a detail. A plate that is framed by Moskvich glass or furniture fittings is suitable;
Creating a trigger for a crossbow
It is almost impossible to make such a link in the construction of a house, even if you have the necessary circuit. An exception if you are a professional locksmith and you have the right equipment.
Crossbow trigger scheme
It's great if you have a pneumatic rifle trigger. Having slightly modified it, you will receive a finished part for your homemade crossbow.
Above the mechanism itself, a casing should be placed, the height of which is 2 - 5 cm. It is needed to protect against moisture and debris. In addition, it will become the basis for devices that increase the aim of shooting - rear sight, optics.
The front of the casing (located above the trigger itself) has the shape of a tail, the length of which does not exceed 10 cm. It is they who will hold the rear of the boom on the guide itself.
Arrows can be made independently or purchased from a specialized department. Congratulations, you were able to make a do-it-yourself crossbow at home using ready-made drawings with instructions. If you did everything correctly, then it will serve you for more than one year. For even more practical tips, see the video.
Evgeniya Smirnova
To send light into the depths of the human heart is the artist's purpose
Content
How to make a crossbow - this question worries both hunters and fans of shooting. Shooting from a crossbow, as from a military weapon, was left far behind. Today, crossbow shooting is mainly practiced by professional athletes, as well as amateurs who want to shoot at targets. Shooting with a crossbow has a number of advantages over shooting with a firearm. Firstly, it is the noiselessness of firing, and secondly, the availability and comparative safety. A crossbow does not require any permission or medical examination to acquire it. It is enough just to buy a ready-made one (for which you will have to pay from several hundred dollars or more), or make a weapon yourself. That is why your favorite site useful tips the site will tell you today how to make a crossbow yourself.
How to make a mini crossbow - instructions
Varieties of weapons and ammunition
Experts distinguish between two types of crossbows - field and match. Feathered arrows are considered ammunition for both types. On sale there are carbon and duralumin feathered arrows. You can learn and compete in shooting with the standard 5-color archery target, which is also available commercially. Shooters from field crossbows usually compete at distances of 35, 50, 65 meters (in the air) and 10, 18 meters (indoors). Shooters from match analogs usually compete only in special rooms - shooting ranges at distances of 10 and 30 meters.
Crossbow hunting - an activity for real men
Many owners use their devices for hunting. Hunting with a crossbow is fundamentally different from hunting with a gun - not everyone likes to shoot animals from a tower, a helicopter, or drive the animal in a large crowd. Hunting, on the other hand, loves silence and solitude. In some ways, this type of hunting resembles the well-known heroic fun - walking a bear with a spear. Indeed, for a shot, one must approach the animal at a distance of 50 meters or closer. Not everyone will be able to approach the boar at such a short distance, and even approaching it at such a short distance requires special hunting skills. Well, the more valuable the loot!
How to choose
Power
A crossbow with a pulling power of 50 kg is sufficient for hunting a bird or small game. With a pulling power of 50-70 kg, you can hunt large ungulate animals. For hunting wild boar, crossbows with a capacity of 80 kg are used.
What ammunition can be used
Big game hunting requires special ammunition. You need to hunt for large prey with the help of special professional arrows made of fiberglass or carbon. These arrows are strong and light enough to be properly centered to ensure a successful hit. There are also excellent aluminum arrows on the market. But such ammunition is suitable for hunting only small animals or birds. Arrow makers provide for the possibility of converting hunting ammunition into sporting ammunition - all you need to do is change the arrowhead. The threaded connection allows this to be done very quickly. A hunting arrow weighs from 30 to 35 grams, the length of such an arrow is from 45 to 50 cm. As a rule, the length of the plumage of a hunting arrow is longer than that of a sports arrow, because the arrow needs to stabilize faster in flight to take a combat position.