For two years, after in his doping sample, traces of cocaine were discovered. "SE" recalls the most resonant cases when Russian football players disqualified or tried to disqualify for doping.
A drug: Nandrolon
Disqualification period: 2 years
The doping scandal set the cross on the career of one of the most talented Russian football players of the 90s. In May 1999, the midfielder was found in the blood of Anabolic Nandrolon's decent dose. A couple of months before, Shalimov landed into the intensive care of one of the Moscow hospitals with internal bleeding. The footballer suspected that the prohibited drug got into his body during treatment, but the analysis of funds used by doctors did not reveal anything criminal. According to another version, Doping could get into the blood of Shalimov in the "Napoli"'s blood - after matches, the team's doctors periodically put a dropper football players with sugar and vitamin S. The most exotic guessed was the approval of one of the Italian journalists, that the drug from Nandrolone could become a drug from ... hair loss . Anyway, but in a fierce struggle with doping series, the Russian case became an indicative and verdict on it turned out to be incredibly severe - two years of disqualification. I could not resume career after the end of her term of Shalim.
A drug: marijuana
Disqualification period: 2 months
Alexander Rychkov (left). Photo by Efim Shansky, "SE"
Another Russian legionnaire Alexander Rychkov was lucky more than Shalimov - he "got off" by two months of disqualification and deductions from. In the winter of 1996, marijuana traces found in the blood of the midfielder. He himself assured that a friend was to blame for everyone who had a jokes for the sake of "grass" to the cake, but the French fighters with doping did not believe this explanation.
A drug: Bromantan.
Disqualification period: 1 year
So far, Egor Titov (right) has served disqualification, he played with Nikolai Trubach for the team "Artist". Photo by Alexander Vilf.
Now we know that the ill-fated bromuntan in Spartak -2003 took away by no means one Egor Titov, but it so happened that the captain of Red-White had to be responsible for everyone. The sample of the Russian team midfielder, taken after the first butt match with Wales for the right to play on EURO-2004, gave a positive effect. UEFA did not understand the introlyspilluban policy of the then Spartak then and disqualified Titov for the year. The midfielder precipitated this punishment and in the 2005 season returned to the native club and even spent several matches for the Russian national team.
A drug: marijuana
Disqualification period: 8 months
The leader of the Vladivostok "Ray-Energy" caught on the use of marijuana in the fall of 2006. His punishment was a little more severe than the "predecessor" Rychkov - Forward removed from football for 8 months. But the Vladivostok Club did not break the contract with Tikhonetsky. He left disqualification, repented of misconduct and played for "ray-energy" for several seasons. The main consequence of history with marijuana was ... an unprecedented increase in the popularity of Tikhonetsky on the Internet. For a while, the name of the attacker turned into a real network meme.
A drug: Furosemid
Disqualification period: 10 months
Arthur Nigmatullin. Photo by Alexey Ivanov, "SE"
The reserve goalkeeper CSKA Arthur Nigmatullin was caught on doping in the winter of 2010. The army team was preparing for the playoffs of the Champions League, therefore there was nothing surprising in the fact that UEFA specialists were periodically for them for charges with checks. During one of these visits in the blood of Nigmatullin, a furosemid was discovered - the drug, with which they usually remove more serious doping from the body. The young goalkeeper explained that he drank a few pills for weight loss on the advice ... Grandmothers. Officers from UEFA Babushkino Drugs did not approve and wrote down a goalkerper 10 months outside of football. After the disqualification ended, CSKA gave Nigmatulline for rent in Mordovia.
,
A drug: Sidafected
Disqualification period: 1 match
Alexey Berezutsky and Sergey Ignashevich. Photo Alexander Fedorov, "SE"
In early December 2009, when CSKA fought for the exit of the Champions League group in Thunder among the clear sky, the news broke out that two leading defender of the army team Sergey Ignashevich and Alexey Berezutsky, the UEFA decision was temporarily suspended from matches. In the blood of both players found Sudaran. It turned out that the army team was injured due to the technical error of doctors who forgot to make information about the fact that Ignashevich and Alexey Berezutsky were treated for a cold with this drug. As a result, CSKA came out against the decisive match against "Besiktas" without two key players, but still managed to snatch the victory and get a ticket to 1/8 finals. A little later, UEFA took into account all the circumstances of the case and carried out both players a purely symbolic disqualification for one match, which they had already left, skipping the game with "Besiktash".
Camila Alekseeva, Ekaterina Maslak
A drug: Furosemid
Disqualification period: 2 years
The names of these two football players fell into the very report of Richard McLaren, reveling sensational disclosures russian sport. And indeed in the blood of Camiles Alekseeva and Catherine Maslak in 2014 and 2015, Furosmid was discovered, however, contrary to the statements of McLaren, nobody became hiding these tests. Both football players were punished: they received two-year disqualification. At Maslak, it ended in October, and the term of removal Alekseeva expires in March 2017.
What started?
On German television ard at the end of 2014, a documentary was released on the use of doping by Russian athletes. In particular, in the ribbon used video with participation olympic champion Maria Savinova, telling how with the help of the Doping Preparation of Oxandrolone, she managed to quickly restore strength. There is also a certain person (according to the journalist, the champion coach Vladimir Kazarin), outstanding athletes medicine Oxandrolone. Although the video is clearly visible by Savinova's face, and its recognition is only a translation into German, the film caused a resonance. World Anti-Doping AgencyWada. announced the verification of all cases of doping use by Russian athletes mentioned in the film. In 2016, Journalist Hayo Zeppelt, the author of the tape, admitted that all documentary facts are unreliable. The purpose of the director consisted of attracting public attention to the use of doping drugs athletes.
In early January after chargesWada. in the Doping Machinations, the ex-head of the Moscow Anti-Doping Laboratory of Grigori Rodchenkov moved from security reasons in the United States. And immediately after it became aware of the death of the Chairman of the Executive Board of Rusada Vyacheslav Syane, who led the Office from 2008 to 2010. 10 days later, the former executive director of the Russian Anti-Doping Agency Nikita Kamaev died.
In May 2016, The New York Times published a statement Roddenkov. According to him, two weeks before the start of the Olympic Games in Sochi in 2014, the Ministry of Sports of Russia approved a list of athletes included in the doping program. After that, the laboratory staff with the participation of the special services replaced one hundred positive tests. Rodchenkov presented as evidenceTHE NEW YORK TIMES email letters from the Ministry of Sports. Vitaly Mutko rated the publicationThe New York Times as "continuing information attack on Russian sport."
WADA, The World Anti-Doping Agency, July 18, presented a report on the results of the investigation on the substitution of doping tests russian athletes At the Olympics in Sochi.From the report it follows that the Ministry of Sports in conjunction with the anti-doping laboratories of Moscow and Sochi, as well as with the assistance of the FSB, participated in frauds with the results of analyzes of Russian athletes. Head of an independent commissionWada Richard McLaren stressed that Russian Sports Minister Vitaly Mutko was awarded the substitution of dirty doping samples on clean.
How to replaced doping samples in Sochi?
At the Olympics in 2014, additional doping control of foreign states was carried out. To make fraud with the analyzes of athletes, the FSB decided to replace positive doping tests, for which a special technique for the opening of sealed samples was invented.
The opening method was demonstrated by the specialists of an independent commission. During the investigation, samples were conducted from the Moscow and Sochi laboratories, they discovered traces of autopsy. It also turned out that the DNA of the winner of the Olympic competition does not coincide with DNA of her sample.
Replacing positive doping samples on negative was produced when there were no traces of doping in the urine of athletes. From the center sports training The teams where the samples were kept, the FSB took the urine and delivered to Sochi.
As Rodchenkov said, every day he received a list of athletes from the policeport, whose analyzes he had to replace. After that, at night, in the laboratory, Russian anti-doping experts and representatives of the special services changed dirty doping tests on clean. The tubes opened using FSB technology passed through a hole into the wall, the size of the fist.
In addition, Rodchenkov admitted that he developed a doping "cocktail", a compatible from three prohibited preparations (Metsenolone, Trenbolone and Oxandrolone) and alcohol (whiskey or martini). This mixture was called "Duchess". To her, Russian athletes rushed her mouth. Such doping consumed at least 15 Russian medalists.
What threatens the WADA report?
Recall that in November 2015, following the results of the investigationindependent WADA Commission under the leadership of Dick Pound Russian national team athletics Already removed from participation in the Olympics in Rio. In this context, reportWada. it may turn out an exception from the Olympic games athletes and other sports.
The head of the Independent Commission Richard McLaren clarified thatWada. there is no authority to not recommend the country to participate in the Olympiad. but Ben Nichols, the official representative of the Commission announced, "that the Anti-Doping Agency calls on the International Sports Community to prohibit Russian athletes to participate in international Competitions, including I. Olympic Games 2016 in Brazil. This ban is considered to be in WADA, should act before "Clause Culture", "RBC reports.
The final decision on the participation of the Russian national team in the Olympiad may adopt the International Olympic Committee (IOC). The head of the Tomas Bach Committee announced its intention to take the most stringent sanctions against persons and organizations carrying out doping fraud.
Also against Russia's participation in the Olympiad is a number of countries. Including Austria, Canada, USA, Spain, Germany, Switzerland and Japan.
How to react in Russia to the results of the investigation?
In a statement published on the Kremlin website, Vladimir Putin asked WADA to provide "A more complete, objective, factory-based information for accounting for its investigation by Russian law enforcement and investigative bodies."
Putin also promised to remove until the end of the investigation of the straw. According to the investigationWADA, direct and participants in fraud samples areadvisor to the Minister of Sport Natalia Zolanova, Head of the Office of Medical and Scientific and Research and Scientific Programs of the Olympic Committee of Russia Irina Rodionova, an employee of the Center for Sports Training of Russia (CSP) Alexey Great, Deputy Director of the Department of Science and Education of the Marsport Avak Abalyan. Although, according to Richard McLaren, the Minister of Sports of Russia Vitaly Mutko was aware of all the frauds, he does not talk about his resignation. President Dmitry Peskov spokesperson explained that "Mutko is not mentioned in the report as a direct performer,"
Amendments to anti-doping legislation are planned to be distributed not only on coaches, but also on instructors, doctors and other personnel interacting with the athlete. Each of them will be able to remove from work if the fact of manipulation with a prohibited drug will be installed even outside the competitive period. Such norms contain a bill made to conside by the State Duma, the second reading of which is scheduled for early December. At the same time, deputies will consider the initiative to create a sectoral system of certification sports coaches. In the institution "Izvestia" stated that they support both innovations. Experts believe that an effective enforcement and "anti-doping education" is primarily required to solve the problem.
The State Duma prepare for the second reading two draft amendments that make changes to the law "On Physical Culture and Sports in Russian Federation" Both were made in September 2017 by deputies from the LDPR, and later supported by the specialized committee, parliamentarians from other factions and the institution. At the same time, the authors of the documents were recommended to refine them. The amendments are ready, and in December, projects are planned to be considered at the meeting of the Chamber.
The initiative to remove the coaches from work for violation of Russian and international anti-doping rules implies three reasons for making such a decision. The first - if the mentor finds a forbidden drug or prove that it spread it (both during the competition, and outside of them). The second is an attempt to falsify control samples, and the third - if the "facts of intentional complicity" are established in the use of doping athlete.
In November, their additions contributed to the draft law, which proposed to expand the similar standard of the Labor Code. Also, the amendments (Izvestia) prepared one of the authors of the project Dmitry Swishev (LDPR) and Valery Gazzayev ("Fair Russia"). Deputies offered to include in the list of those who fall under the law, "other specialists in the field physical culture and sports. " As practice shows, anti-doping rules often violate instructors, specialists in sports medicine or other personnel athlete, said parliamentarians.
The second bill is aimed at creating a system of certification of coaches, including national teams of Russia. There are three of its categories: the second, the first and highest. Criteria for which certification will be held is to be approved by the Institute. The decision on the assignment of the certificate will be able to take regional executive bodies and all-Russian sports federations.
The adoption of the proposed standards will move forward along the way to increase the level of professional skill of coaches, the effectiveness of their activities, and also, which is important, to attract young frames to the industry, "said one of the authors of the project in a conversation with Izvestia, Dmitry Svischev.
He said that a number of additions to it, together with parliamentarians and the professional community, was prepared by the second reading of the bill. So, it is proposed to certify not only coaches, but also other industry professionals. To approve their list, as well as qualifying requirements and the procedure for assigning categories later, the Ministry of Sports of the Russian Federation should be. Assignment of the lowest - second - category can entrust local governments. In addition, the possibility of introducing an additional qualification category is discussed.
The deputy stressed that both bills are aimed at improving Russian sports legislation and bring it into line with world practice.
Marsport supports both projects and is interested in adoption, the deputy head of the departments Natalya Parsikova said "Izvestia".
The bills are very important and relevant. The initiative about the attestation of coaches is in accordance with the instructions of the President and will allow the industry to develop. The ability to combat doping is also abandoned and will improve anti-doping measures in accordance with the plan developed by the Independent Public Anti-Doping Commission, the Deputy Minister explained.
Doping's problem cannot be solved only by changing the legislation - this is a matter of law enforcement, the teacher of the Russian International Olympic University, a member of the Board of Directors of the International Association of Sports Law Anatoly Sandkov, is convinced. Need to make order first of all in sports clubs and federations, apply existing norms and "to plan" the complete rejection of Doping, the expert believes.
What is the chart, it is not clear to me.
Ok, I probably must reveal.
Here we have the chart before us, presumably it shows what kind of different phenomena there are certain substances in the totality of the sample, where the alcohol is explicitly leading.
Thus, for the average observer, especially supporting laying glances for legalization, the result in the diagram is almost the "banner" with which he is ready to defend its position. After all, in response to a statement that "drugs this crime" can always be said "Here, look at how much crime from alcohol, and how much from marijuan! This is a serious study, here, the Institute! ", Ready.
Now that I do not understand.
For the list of substances and phenomena, the general set of sampling is unknown, so it is not clear to me that they mean these numbers: 5, 70, 80, is it a thing or%?
Then I do not know the relevance of the sample, who considered?
Let's say you can imagine the social group "Potential consumers of substances", in which, for example, include all from 21 years and older, for according to the law they can consume alcohol, or from 14 years, because it is usually a "dangerous" age in which illegal Eating, or included all women and children, from babies to deep old people, and whether social status is counted, i.e. There are schoolchildren and students, and housewives, and bank employees, and homeless? And in which district, the city, the region conducted a study, what sector of the economy is developed there? That is, the study involves the presence of homeless breast children of cocaine?
As a result, without understanding the quantitative quality indicators, it is impossible to submit the representativeness of this study.
The subject of the study is substances, either not understandable, say alcohol, there is like beer in the bar, where after the 5th circles somewhere someone breaks the chair, and then goes to 15 days, and there are 20 Summer Cognac, which drink alone sitting in front Foreign and no crimes do, are such generalizations?!
And if all the same turn to the diagram, without relative to the quality of the data, even it contains the answer to the question "the truth is that drugs lead to undesirable phenomena", yes! Is it true alcohol and cigarettes lead to undesirable phenomena more often than "drugs", no! Just fold the result on alcohol and nicotine into one group, and on drugs to another, and you will see that this is a decent difference, and you will see how the number of "consumers" gives rise to those phenomena, and you will see that among the small number of drug users a large number of phenomena, And among big number Consumers Sinki in% The ratio of phenomena is less. Thus, the number of problems with the increase in the number of drug users will grow exponentially and anti-drug legislation and is working on not to give, let them grow by these indicators, at the same time leaving the alcohol and tobacco society, as an alternative, adjusting its excise taxes at the same time.