Preparation for Olympiads

by biology

Biology teacher

MOU "MGML"

Magnitogorsk

Introduction 2.

1. Theoretical preparation. 3.

1.1. Working with texts. 3.

1.2. Working with tables. 6.

1.3. Tasks for compliance. eleven

2. Practical training. fourteen

2.1. Botany. fourteen

2.2. Zoology. nineteen

2.3. Anatomy. 28.

Introduction

Biology Olympics allow you to increase the motivation of students to explore the basic learning subject "Biology". The Olympiad makes it possible to interest the wide range of students and popularize biological knowledge.

The Olympiad is one of the forms of extracurricular work. The first qualifying round is carried out at the school stage, and then at the district level, city, etc. Therefore, one of the main tasks of the Olympiad is to identify the most capable schoolchildren and their preparation for different stages of the Olympics. The proposed allowance can use teachers of biology and students who are interested in biology and independently preparing to the Olympiad.

Tasks checking the degree of informality of students in biology;

Tasks aimed at determining the level of intellectual development;

Tasks related to the application of new knowledge and new ways to work on the basis of creative search.

The Biology Schoolchildren Olympiad is carried out on the basis of general educational programs of the main general education and includes theoretical and practical tours.

The theoretical tour of the Olympiad is aimed at checking oversbiological knowledge as the basis of the scientific picture of the world, the norms and rules of a healthy lifestyle, the abilities characterize, recognize, determine, compare, explain and compare biological objects, processes and phenomena, draw conclusions to the following sections:

- "Biology - the science of wildlife";

- "Cell as a biological system";

- "Organism as a biological system";

- "variety of organisms";

- "Man and his health."

The practical tour for all participants in the Olympiad may include tasks for the morphofunctional characteristic of biological objects and performing an experimental task. On a practical tour, students should show the ability to work with a microscope, making a morphusiological and morphofunctional description of biological objects, prepare the microcreparations, to carry out the simplest experiments, and the technique of experimenting, registration of records and drawings, the rationale for the result is taken into account.

Biology Olympiad allows you to evaluate the quality of the preparation of students on the subject and identify the gifts of its participants.

1. Theoretical preparation

1.1. Work with texts

1.

Outside, leaf is the skin, formed ... (1) cloth. Basically, the skin consists of large colorless cells. Other cells have chloroplasts and are arranged in pairs, forming ... (2). The change in their shape leads to formation - ... (3) the gaps through which gas exchange occurs. Under the skin is a leaf pulp, consisting of ... (4) fabrics. The pulp of the leaf is permeated by residents, in which the fabrics differ in the structure: ... and ... (5,6). They perform the functions of support and movement of nutrients.

2. Read the text and entangle it. Insert the missed words.

The top of the root is covered with a root case formed ... (1) cloth. Its main value is ... (2) young root cells. The following zones - ... (3) and ... (4) provide the growth of the root in length. They consist of cells ... (5) fabrics. In the suction zone there is an absorption of water soil with dissolved mineral substances. The suction process is carried out by elongated cells - ... (6). In the zone of the holding there is an axial cylinder, which provides useful substances in escape and the thoroughness of the root. The axial cylinder form fabrics: ... (7, 8).

3. Read the text. Guess what organism is we talking about. Justify your answer, allocation in description signs of belonging to a specific systematic group (kingdom, type / department, detachment / family, view).

In the fields with bad soil, you can meet an amazing organism, which is sometimes mistakenly called the Christmas tree. His ancestors were huge trees who lived on our planet many millions of years ago and reached us in the layers of coal. The described organism has long rhizomes and stem, consisting of segments with undeveloped leaves. Early spring he has spikelets with sporangies. Soon the spring shoots die, and the summer shoots with numerous petty green leaves appear instead.

4. Read the text and entangle it. Insert the missed words.

Transportation of substances in the vegetation organism occurs in ... (1) tissues. These fabrics permeate all the plant, connecting the main vegetative organs - root, ... and ... (2.3), as well as flowers and fruits. Water with dissolved mineral substances moves from roots to run through the layer - ... (4). Its main conductive elements that are called ... (5) are long tubes formed by the walls of dead cells without transverse partitions between cells. Organic substances move from the leaves to the roots of ... (6).

5. Read the text and encourage it. Insert the missed words.

There are three main types of modified shoots: the tuber, ... and ... (1,2). As in any other escape in the structure of the potato tuber, the stem is distinguished, on which there are ... (3) and ... (4), otherwise they are called brings and eyes. In the modified stem, spare nutrients accumulate. For potato tuber, the main spare substance is ... (5). The method of reproduction of potatoes by tubers is considered ... (6), since sex cells (gemnets) do not take part in reproduction.

6. Read the text and encourage it. Insert the missed words.

The kidney is successful ... (1). Outside the kidneys are usually located ... (2), which protect it from drying and mechanical damage. The axial part of the inner structure is represented by ... (3). On this axis are ... (4), and in their sinuses you can distinguish ... (5). The kidneys from which shoots are developing with leaves are called ... (6), and the kidneys from which inflorescences are formed - ... (7).

7. Insert the missed words in the text.

The beans seed outside is covered with dense ... (1). It protects from drying and damage the rest of the seed. Under it is located ... (2). The main stock of the bean seed is contained in ... (3). Between them is an embryonic root, ... and ... (4.5). In contrast to the seed of beans at the wheat grain, the main supply of nutrients is located in ... (6), which is formed during the merger of sperm with ... (7).

8. Analyze the text and answer the questions.

For the first time, the kernel in the plant cell discovered English Botanist Robert Brown. Considering different parts of the plant in the microscope, it concluded that all plant cells contain a kernel.

1. Does all the cells of the flower plant contain the kernel? Give examples.

2. Specify the kernel function in the plant cell. How is it related to the main function of the fabric? Give an example.

9. Analyze the text and answer questions.

On the advice of the famous scientist Naturalist, Charles Linnei in Sweden in the 18th century, floral watches were created. For them, the time determined depending on which flowers are disclosed. At 5 o'clock, their petals opened their petals, and the cactus flowers were closed at 12 o'clock in the morning.

a. Why are different flowers reveal at different times of the day?

b. What are the processes of vital activity of the plant ensure the movement of the pellets of the perianth?

10. Read the text. Guess what organism is we talking about, justify your answer, highlight signs of belonging to a specific systematic group.

The sea is the natural habitat of these animals. A characteristic feature of all animals of this systematic group is the presence of cutting cells containing a poisonous liquid. In such a weapon, animals use both to protect and attack. The described organism belongs to single forms, although his relatives form a giant colonies and even reefs. An animal body radially symmetrically and more than 90% consists of water. His dome, or an umbrella, can reach 40 centimeters in diameter. On the bottom side of the umbrella there is a mouth opening, around which long robust blades hang. The digestion is carried out in the intestinal cavity. The dome painting is pinkish, in the middle part of it, gender is located.

11. Read the text. Guess what organism is we talking about. Justify your answer, allocation in the description of the signs of belonging to a specific systematic group (kingdom, type \\ department, detachment \\ family, view).

This is very peculiar marine animals. Their large streamlined body is covered in a fortune, and under the skin there is a thick layer of fat. They cannot fly and quickly run, but they are superbly floating and dive. The forelimbs are adapted to a water lifestyle and are modified into flippers. On land, they move on the hind limbs or slide on the ice on the belly. Support for body organs is the inner bone skeleton, the feature of which can be considered the presence of keel and the development of the chest muscular. The possibility of habitat in harsh polar conditions is provided with warm-bloodedness and complexly organized by the central nervous system. During the breeding period, the female puts out an egg that agitates standing, holding it on the paws and covering the abdominal fold from above.

12. Read the text. Guess what the structure of the human body is speech. Justify your answer.

This is a special kind of connective tissue, which is a liquid of protein nature. In composition, it is close to blood plasma, but contains less protein. In addition to the liquid part, it is possible to detect uniform elements formed in special nodes. The main value of these uniform elements is to protect the body from foreign microorganisms. This liquid tissue is moving along a special impaired vessels. The vessels are connected in the chest duct, which flows into the hollow veins of a large circle of blood circulation, and the mandated tissue is included in the blood composition.

13. Read the text. Guess what organ is about. Justify your answer.

This biological formation is firmly fascinated with the bone. Its main importance is to ensure the growth of bones in the thickness and the fire of bones during fractures. Through living cells of this biological structure are nerves and blood vessels in the bone cavities.

14. Read the text. Guess what the structure of the human body is speech. Justify your answer.

This organ is only in mammals. It shares the chest and abdominal cavity. In newborns due to a more horizontal arrangement of the ribs of the dome, it is more convex, and the elderly he is greatly glorified. This body is involved in the act of breathing together with the abdominal muscles. The dome facing the convex surface towards the chest is compacted during the breath, increasing the amount of the chest. Through the hole in this organ there are blood vessels, nerves and esophagus. The fibers of the organ are able to shrink and relax.

1.2. Working with tables

Fill in the table using the word sequence number from the dictionary. Designations B. some graphs can be repeated.

1. Compare animals belonging to classes of bivalve mollusks and unauthorized worms.

Signs of comparison	Type of mollusks Class bivalve mollusks	Type of ringed worms Class of unobtinka worms
Representative
Body departments
Body cover
Digestive system
Respiratory system
Circulatory system
Selective system

Slogus: 1. Rainworm 2. ROT 3. SURFACE SURFACE 5. Skin-muscular bag 6. Mantle 7. Rezabka 8. goiter 9. Intestine 10. Zhabra 11. Sink 12. Unlocked 13. Two kidneys 14. Leg 15. Celers 16. Closed 17. Torch 18. Paired output tubes in Siphon segments 20. Stomach

2.

Signs of comparison	Crayfish
Body departments
Respiratory system
Circulatory system
Selective system
Nervous system
Sense organs

Slogus: 1. Kidneys 2. Leather 3. Eyes 4. Occonditioning nervous ring 5. Headband 6. Hitin 7. Outdoor 8. Hearing body 9. Ureterals 10. Zhabra 11. Immounted 12. Limbs 13. Head Brain 14. Warms 15. Brubo 16 . Cloaca 17. Inner 18. Touch organ 19. Torchis 20. Spinal brain 21. Green glands 22. Obligation body 23. Head 24. Closed 25. Abdominal nervous chain 26. Lightweight 27. Bubble

3. Compare animal types of arthropod and chord

Signs of comparison
Body departments
Limb
Circulatory system
Respiratory system
Nervous system
Selective system

Slika: 1. Dry leather without glands 2. Nasal holes 3. Headband 4. Light knotted type 6. Chitin 7. Outdoor 8. Closed 9. Neck 10. Kidneys 11. Figure extremities - 4 pairs 12. GORTAN 13. Outline tubes 14. Tail 15. Horny scales 16. Bubble 17. Unlocked 18. In the form of a nervous tube 19. Head 20. Cloaca 21. Bronchi 22. Front and hind limbs 23. BRUSHKO24. Ureterals 25. Inner 26. Torch 27. trachea (trachea).

4. Compare animals, invertebrate and vertebrates living in fresh water reservoir

Signs of comparison	Crayfish	River Okun.
Body departments
Body cover
Respiratory system
Circulatory system
Selective system
Nervous system
Sense organs

Slogus: 1. Zhabra 2. Closed 3. Green glands 4. Inner 5. Kidneys 6. Leather 7. Chitin 8. Lump 9. Unlocked 10. Outdoor 11. Bones and cartilage 12. Eyes13. Occonditioning nervous ring 14. Head Brain 15. Ugents - Selication Organs16. Internally ear 17. Ureterals 18. Scales 19. Spinal cord 20. Head Hood21. Bubble 22. Tail 23. Abdominal Nervous Chain 24. Torching 25. Side Line 26. Abstraction 27. Body of Taste 28. Head 29. CHALLY LIFTS 30. FRONES

5. Compare animal, invertebrates and vertebrates that have mastered the air habitat

Signs of comparison	Chafer
Limb
Respiratory system
Circulatory system
Nervous system
Sense organs

Slogus: 1. Eyes 2. Head Brain 3. Trachea (trachea) 4. Unlocked 5. Light 6. Inner 7. Front limbs 8. Hitin 9. Three pairs of segic limbs 10. Umpsions - the olfactory and touch bodies 11. Spinal brain 12. Feathers 13. Rear limbs 14. Closed 15. Nasal cavity 16. Naughty 17. Leather 18. Outdoor 19. Outlet of the nervous ring 20. The middle ear 21. GORTAN 22. Bones and cartilage

23. Abdominal nervous chain 24. Interior ear 25. Air bags

26. Vestibular apparatus 27. Reflection wings

6. Fill in the table using the word sequence number from the word.

Slogus: 1. None. 2. Stomach. 3. Outline tubes in body segments. 4. Closed. 5. Goob. 6. Torso. 7. Roth. 8. Chord. 9. Tail. 10. Label gaps. 11. Harness. 12. The entire surface of the body. 13. Cerage. 14. Food. 15. Finns. 16. Liver. 17. Nodal type. 18. Intestine. 19. Nervous Tube. 20. Leather. 21. mucus.

Signs of comparison	Earthworm	Lancelet
Body departments
Respiratory system
Circulatory system
Digestive system
Selective system
Nervous system

7. Fill in the table using the word sequence number from the dictionary. Compare free-lived organisms related to the type of shepherd and flat worms.

Signs of comparison	Type of terrestrial	Type flat worms
Representative
Symmetry
The number of layers forming the body
Body cover
Digestive system
Nervous system
Sense organs

Slogus: 1. White Planaria 2. Diffuse (Mesh) 3. Head Nervous Knot 4. Two nerve trunks 5. Double-sided 6. Fresh-water Polyp Hydra 7. Radial 8. Two 9. Three 10. Roth 11. Etoderma. 14. Skin-muscular bag 15. Sensitive cells Ettooderma 16. Two eyes 17. Entoderma cells 18. Intestine 19. Tactory blades.

8. Fill in the table using the word sequence number from the dictionary.

Brain Department	Features of the structure
Medulla
Cerebellum
Medium brain
Intermediate brain
Big cerebral hemispheres

Slogus: 1. Quadruses 2. Regulation of the endocrine system 3. Support for equilibrium share: occipital, temporal, frontal, darken 5. Regulation of heartbeat and respiratory movements 6. The pituitary gland 7. Regulation of the operation of the vegetative nervous system 8. Looks like a building on the spinal cord 9. Analysis All information obtained from the senses 10. Regulation of body movements in space 11. Regulation of swallowing, tears, cough, sneezing 12. Cell-shaped hypothalamus 14. Regulation of GNI 15. Bark of large hemispheres 16. Regulatory reflexes arising under the influence of visual and sound impulses 17 . Two small hemispheres

9. Fill in the table using the word sequence number from the word.

Vegetative nervous system

Parts VNS.	Structure	Impact on the body
Sympathetic
Parasimpatic

Slogus: 1. Acceleration of the heart. 2. Location of reflex centers in the head and spinal cord. 3. The transition of the body from the active state in the critical situation into rest state. 4. The location of the nerve nodes along the spinal cord. 5. Expanding blood vessels. 6. Expansion of pupils. 7. Location of reflex centers in the spinal cord. 8. Slow down the digestion process. 9. Wandering nerve. 10. Slowing heartbeat. 11. Mobilization of the whole organism in critical situations. 12. Acceleration of metabolism processes. 13. Location of nerve nodes near or inside the innervated organs. 14. The narrowing of the lumen of blood vessels. 15. Strengthening the secretion of digestive juices. 16. Strengthening sweating.

Kukina Svetlana Ivanovna
biology and Chemistry Teacher
Municipal State Institution
Kanhard Secondary School
Konyshevsky district of the Kursk region

All-Russian School Olympiad: how to prepare the winner?

At present, each educational institution at the school stage of the All-Russian School Olympiad has become obligatory.
Currently, the role of substantive Olympics has increased due to the introduction of OGE, the EGE and the new rules of admission to universities. Schoolchildren who successfully speaking at the Olympics have advantages when entering the prestigious universities of the country and their region - and this in turn increases the status of the entire Olympiad Movement.
Unlike simple checks and tests, project and research activities, various intellectual competitions, writing abstracts, the Olympiads cover a wider range of knowledge of general educational subjects and contribute to broader erudition.
Preparation for the Olympics should be serious, long-term and systematic. In order for the 9th grade student, the decent results must begin at least from the 6th grade.
My students also took part in the school and district stages of the Olympics, at the school stage there were prize-winners and winners and on the district was required to drastically change the ways to prepare students for the Olympiad movement, and more accurately lead to the system and produce a specific technique.
I started with the fact that I collected the "Bank of Olympics", in which there were the Olympic tasks of different stages in five years. Then I began to analyze the content of the tasks of the municipal and regional levels and the formulation of the conclusions. On the example of the tasks of OGE and EE, the findings turned out the following:
1. Olympiad tasks form three groups:
Part 1 - tasks with a choice of one correct answer from four;
Part 2, 3 - tasks with a choice of several response or mapping.
2. 25% of the tasks for the knowledge of the subject within the in-depth school program.
3. 50% of tasks for knowledge beyond the school program.
4. 25% of tasks for the use of knowledge in a non-standard situation, data analysis and problem solving.
As you can see, knowledge that guys get in the lessons is not enough. Need additional extracurricular preparation.
Next, I spend the selection of students and the formation of the school team of students who want and can deal with serious training on the subject.

We plan work.

Creation of individual educational trajectories;

The predominance of individual forms of work on group;

Tight interaction of senior schoolchildren with younger.

When planning work with a group of schoolchildren, formalism and excessive torganism should be avoided. Given the different age and the different level of preparation, the optimal will be the construction of individual educational trajectories for each participant, and the disciple must also be provided with freedom to choose this trajectory. From here, there is a free visit to the majority of classes, a free choice of the direction of cognitive or research work. Pupils can come to the lesson in order to obtain a brief consultation and task for individual work in order to obtain assistance in the implementation of design work, mini-groups are collected to solve biological problems, discussing theoretical issues. Senior can, solving their tasks, to act as consultants and controllers for younger. The teacher advises individual students or talks with mini-groups, outlines the prospects and the goals of further preparation.

1 Considering. What these classes are held, as a rule, after a tense school day, it is not bad to provide for rest, relaxation. The ability to drink a cup of tea, it may not be absolutely not unnecessary.)

From what is clear that the presence of a group of schoolchildren does not mean the prevalence of group forms of work. On the contrary, such forms must be more brief and most interesting for all present. This may be a demonstration of biological experiment, interesting lectures of biologists, a story about the results of the Olympiad, project competition, a kind of self-denial of participants.

Let us turn to the meaningful side of the preparation for the Olympics. What is needed to participate in this intellectual contest? Given the peculiarities of biology as natural and experimental science, three components of such success can be distinguished.

Comprehensive success:

Developed biological horizon;

The ability to solve biological tasks, working with tests;

Practical skills and skills.

These key points determine the main directions of schoolboy training.The selection of students is based on their progress on the subject, at the level of cognitive activity and on the desire to win. Then the most difficult, but very interesting preparation process begins.
Each teacher has its own techniques, methods, forms with which he enjoys. On this issue, a lot of useful information is posted on the Internet, analyzing this information, you can determine the conditions for preparation for the Olympiads:

Preparation for the Olympics through extracurricular activities. The organization of a developing environment that encourages curiosity and ensuring its satisfaction is carried out through extracurricular activities: various contests, circles, electrical courses, heuristic Olympiads.

2. Using the creative tasks of the increased level in the lessons. As a rule, participants of the Olympiad are always in classrooms receive individual tasks of the Olympiad level of complexity, this also applies to homework.
Pouring work will be effective if the relationship between the teacher and students will be affiliate. The superiority of the teacher can be expressed only in the level of knowledge, skills and his ability to transfer them to the disciple.Read books.

In the formation of a biological horizon, a decisive role belongs to a variety of biological literature. In the initial stages, it can be children's biological encyclopedias, books about nature, popular science journals. For senior schoolchildren, more serious literature will be interesting: university textbook, workshops, scientific journals.

A question may arise how much the information of the read books and articles is absorbed, can the student actualize these knowledge at the right moment? Of course, some part of the information remains always. How to make her assimilation more efficient?

There is a way to efficient training - the target study of biological literature.

Objectives can be made various as rules, this is a generalization, systematization of the material, or, on the contrary, a leading issue before learning a new topic. In search of the necessary information "shock" the most different sources, the necessary skills are acquired, and the products created are then used as reference materials.

Much attention is paid to work with educational and reference literature on ecology, because This subject is not studied in our school, and schoolchildren show great interest in it.

At present, along with books, such a source of information as the Internet plays a large role. Electronic options of books, journal articles, all kinds of tests, tasks of the Olympics of various levels can be found on a variety of biological sites.

Can I manage to manage this flow of information? In any case, it is advisable to familiarize schoolchildren with a list of biological sites, where they can find useful information for themselves. One of these sites is undoubtedly where resources are posted to prepare for the regional biology stage. On this site you can get online advice on the question of interest, test your knowledge by performing test tasks of past years, watch the video tutorial.

Explore and design . (Presentations to projects) An individual educational trajectory allows each team member to choose the direction of design and research. Often, work on the project begins in grade 5: information is collected, analyzed, summarized the assembled material. The hypothesis of its own study is then produced, experimental data are analyzed. The "ripe" project reflects the personality-individual position of the author and has socio-practical significance. With such projects, our schoolchildren became winners of the Regional Polytechnic Ecology Olympiad.

We solve the tasks, perform tests .

The skills of solving genetic tasks are necessary in the All-Russian School Olympiad. My tasks to the All-Russian School Olympiad are selected and systematized. The student has the opportunity to gradually perform simple tasks, and then a higher level of complexity. The teacher will always show the way to solve the problem, pay attention to the error. To give a task, and then a senior student can check, at the same time remembering himself, as he coped with this task. Before the municipal stage, biology and ecology, regularly in the computer class perform a variety of tests in a computer class, preferring the tasks of past years.

Perform practical work Often, schoolchildren, successfully overcoming the theoretical tour of the City Olympiad in biology, are difficult to practically. Requirements for the practical tour increase annually, because It is here that a schoolboy can apply his knowledge in practice. We pay great attention when preparing for a practical tour such as aspects as the manufacture of microcrets, the ability to work with determinants, the implementation of laboratory work on the proposed instructions.

When preparing for Olympiad, the following principles are important:

Maximum independence - providing the ability to independently solve tasks. The most strong knowledge is those that are produced by their own efforts in the process of working with literature when solving various tasks. This principle, providing the possibility of independence of the student, suggests tactful control by the teacher, collective analysis and analysis of unresolved tasks, summing up when solving problems.

Principle Activity of Knowledge . Olympics are drawn up so that the entire knowledge margin is in active application. They are drawn up taking into account all previous knowledge, in accordance with the requirements of the Education and Knowledge Standards obtained. When preparing for the Olympics, there is a deepening, clarification and expansion of knowledge reserve. Based on this, it follows that the analysis of the Olympic Tasks of the past years is an effective form of training for students to successfully participate in the Olympiads.

Principle of an advanced level of complexity . For successful participation in the Olympiad, it is necessary to prepare on the tasks of a high level of complexity. This is the essence of the principle of an advanced level of complexity, the effectiveness of which is confirmed by the results of speeches at the Olympiad. In a psychological plan, the implementation of this principle attaches to the student, liberates it and allows you to successfully implement.

Analysis of the results of the past Olympiad . When analyzing the past, the Olympics revealed omission, disadvantages, finds not taken into account in previous activities, both teachers and a student. This principle is obligatory for the teacher, as it will have a positive effect on the quality of preparation for the Olympiad. But it is also necessary for students, as it helps to increase the strength of knowledge and skills, develops the ability to analyze not only successes, but also disadvantages.

Individual approach . The individual program of preparation for the Olympiad for each student, reflecting its specific trajectory of movement from ignorance to knowledge, from inability to solve complex tasks to creative skills to choose how to solve them.

Psychological principle . I consider it necessary to raise a sense of healthy ambitiousness in the Olympodians, desire for victory. The winner always has fighting qualities. This is important for adulthood! You need to see the makings in the child and grow these qualities. To teach believe in your strength, inspire that he is able to defeat.

Why did I need it

I never thought that I would engage in biology. I just could not come to mind. I studied in an ordinary high school, without much difficulty received five, fought with everything in a row in the class not to be a white crow, and still she remained. By the seventh grade conflict, diet, but it was no longer important - Mom took me to the preparatory courses in the Lyceum. I wanted to go to the humanitarian class: it seemed to me that you need to become a lawyer or a lawyer to earn good money ...

In short, I was given to learn to the doctor. From the preparatory courses, I remember the biology teacher, Dmitriev Olga Ivanovna. She ran around the class said: Imagine that I am a shower infusor! I distributed tests to us, where each answer had to comment, quickly checked and declared: "All 2". Moreover, with such a margin of humor, that even after the tenth departure to redo all the work, we had a desire, still to make this test. Introductors I passed everything on 5ki and only on biology was 4. However, the following two years before the tenth class I liked more chemistry and rabbits in the country than botany with anatomy. Although biology has occurred to all weapons. The infusorian of the shoe (we still continued to call Olga Ivanovna for the eyes) every lesson led in different ways, I was engaged in project activities with us, and the rest of the pedagogical charms, we traveled at the conference, defended their own experimental work. But she treated the Olympiads. And as they say, suddenly I ranked first on the regional Olympiad. And, this is, as you know, means that you can go further on the zonal olympiad and to defeat everyone, and then on the All-Russian. There was no limit to dreams. The regional Olympiad consisted of questions on reflections. Therefore, I threw all the strength to the preparation of my mental car: I inspired autotraining that I would beat everyone that my thoughts are my horses, and the memory is limitless.
It ended with a terrible disorder: there were no questions on reflections. There were tests in which half of the words I did not understand. And the practical tour, where it was also thin: Well, as an ordinary child, although in the tenth grade can know all reptiles, birds, mammals, and also plants, and in the face, and by the way in Latin?! I remember, there was plasmolysis and chromatography - I put them badly. In short, I was eighteenth. And then I decided that it was not suitable. In addition, Mr. The case threw us into a mailbox before the Olympics school newspaper, which described about the new faculty in Moscow State University - the Faculty of Bio-Generacy and Bioinformatics. How I wanted to do there! ..
And it was possible to do there even without exams if you win in the All-Russian Olympiad.
The coming summer I canceled myself, my deception did to the regional library and discharged all the necessary books on the mother's reader.

Scary summer

What do normal people do in summer? Clear thing that rest. What did I do? Preparing for the Olympics. I had 250 days in stock and was on the bill every day. As I said, I took half of the regional library on biology. (Well, if you are accurate: 4 Books on genetics, 2 according to the zoology of invertebrates, 3 on zoology of vertebrates, 2 through cytology, 3 in physiology, 3 on Botanic, 2 by ecology, 1 for geobotanic, 3 by anatomy, 3 by biochemistry). I also bought a book on molecular biology. Total 27 books. They needed to read, to be mistaken and learn. I appointed myself a rise to 9, Issue on 23, time was allocated for food, and the rest) - to prepare.
Over the summer, I defeated half of the books, I finished everything until October. As a result, I got 20 ninety-told notebooks of the abstracts and a bunch of disputes with my biology teacher: I argued with her almost every question in the lesson. In the end, I was freed from biology classes.
Then there was urban biology, ecology and chemistry. Having gained impudence, I took all the first places. And then there was something.

Mom against the Ministry of Education

I took not the first on the regional Olympics, but second place. This meant that neither the zonal Olympiad, or the All-Russian I would not go. Moreover, this story smash the fact that the first place was sold. I continued to prepare for the Olympics, repeated abstracts, and my mother called himself in our regional ministry of education. Until the very last day they dragged, they said that someone would go to the zonal Olympiad still not known ... The day before leaving the zonal Olympiad, it turned out that I was not in the lists. Parents sent me after the scandal with the ministry for their money.

To go to the All-Russian Olympiad, it is necessary on the zone to get to the eight of the first. I was the fourth, the first place in our area on the latter.

In Maykop

The All-Russian Olympiad passed in Maykop. The aunt, who accompanied me holy believed in my abilities, and hoped at least for the penultimate place. I settled in a room with a 9-class boy, whom we with the second neighbor were secretly nicknamed and a tenth grader, with whom we drove in the same coupe in the train (there are coincidences). With him we quickly began friends. True, he climbed tea at times, at times he returned a suit with extended pupils, but everyone decides, how to live.

After the theoretical tour, everyone had a mood decline, everyone considered their points, they were heard from the neighboring window: "Paper, how many points?". As I found out the basic chances of a victory were at the very pacifist (Moskvina Ilya) and John (Mumricov Zhenya). After counting the points it turned out that I was ahead of John. The practical tour flew somehow unnoticed, oral noted by my success at local grandmothers, who listened to our answers. How long is the result, the result is the following: the absolute first place: Moskvin Ilya Next, Katya, I and John. Actually, this was a team for interground.

Every year in the summer and winter in Mytishchi, the organizers of the Olympiad are charged for those who successfully performed (mainly take diplomas of the first and second degree). In addition, in the summer there is a training team at the International Olympics.

In addition, the team at the International Olympics is constantly driving in Moscow State University to teachers of the Biological Faculty. What we did, but also, as it should, we went by "hares" by electricians and went to the Guski through the turnstiles. In general, I soldered such that only visits can understand. For some reason I remember Monster in the office of Tatiana Andreevna, who taught us to make cuts. I envy this monster with enviable pleasure, and Tatyana Andreevna will forgive me.

Emirates, Australia, Inflatable Kangaroo

We are particularly lucky in that year: the International Olympiad was held in Australia. If my memory does not change me, this is 14 hours flight from Moscow. In Australia, we flew with a stop in Dubai. A very nice country, as soon as we arrived ... frozen, on the bus from air conditioners.

We did not advise us at all, but as you can be in Dubai and not take a walk? We went to look for the sea. We defined the location of the sea: he pointed aside and said: "The sea is there." We walked five hundred meters, then John poked his finger to the other side, and we folded. Passed exactly in a circle. The sea did not find it, but they saw the cafe "Beryozka". Of course, we did not go there, but were delighted.

In Australia we were settled in the university town in the room one by one. In each room there was a telephone, so the first thing we did was starting to call the rest of the rooms and ask: "Do You Speak English?" Actually, John asked about Inglish, and then I gave me a pipe, and I squeezed out a couple more phrases. Oddly enough the second on the wire was a girl from Kazakhstan, so it was next: "do you speak Russian?" In addition, John had a refrigerator in the room, and in the refrigerator the wine that we decided to leave for the celebration of the end of the Olympics.

We communicated at the Olympics mainly with Russian-speaking: Latvia, Moldova, Estonia, Belarus and Ukraine (with some friends so far). I do not know why, but at the competition teams from Russia usually love to joke on non-understanding Russian. Before us, a guy from the Russian delegation, something let the obscene released, when I was driving in the elevator with the Americans about the soon I regretted: one of them lived before in Russia. In Australia, our friends on the CIS played some folk Chinese game of chopsticks: the tower is built, and then chopsticks are drawn out of the tower. After we joined, the tower turned into, I will not say what the wish to the Chinese (with meaning: "You will not win the Olympics"), I even have a picture with one guy from Asia against the background of this inscription. I remember he said that this is the wish of good morning. With age, it should probably become ashamed of that, but for some reason, anyone showing anything, except laughter, this photo did not cause. By the way, the guy, as it turned out, was playing Russian anthem on the piano, and then took an absolutely first place at the Olympics.
From our pants I remember another one. At the student cuisine, John and I were accustomed to Ilya, Katya and Olya from Moldova to the chair with a polyethylene wrapper, wrote "Made in Russia by Djon and Denis" for a long time laughed, and then we went to call foreigners to look at our creation. We all looked at everything as suspicious personalities. Only Security, who has traveled to us with a kitchen for a long time laughed.

Time flew quickly, the practical ended, and then theoretical tours of the Olympiad. With John, we decided to mark it all.

They drank the very bottle and went hunting for Kengure. That Kangaroo stood in the housing of our mentors. Inflatable half of our height. Larked her under the mouse and went to my home. The next morning we learned that some "assholes", according to our mentor, took Kangaroo at the main mentor. It is difficult to breakfast, if you want to spill tea from laughter. We as hunters of course wanted to take a trophy with them, but we were sorry for the mentor, from which the favorite Kangaroo left. The next day she was the happiest of all we saw. He distributed to everyone souvenir caps and said goodbye, because everyone drove around can be in order to never see each other anymore.

Excellent in-depth knowledge of the theory is important for the successful passage and theoretical, and practical tour of the All-Russian Biology Olympiad. Therefore, the sooner you begin to study it, get acquainted with the additional, which beyond the framework of the school program, the higher the results will be your results.

We present you a list of training aids that will help get the necessary knowledge.

Botany

• Fedorov A. A. "Plant's life in 6 volumes." - M.: Enlightenment, 1974-1982.
• Alekseev Yu. E., Novikov V.S., Skvortsov V. E., Lovyagin S. N. "" The determinant of plants of the non-Black-based center of European Russia in vegetative features. " - M.: Russian University, 2000. - 192 p.
• Chub V. V. "Botany. Part 1. The structure of vegetable organism. " - M.: Max Press, 2005. - 116 p.
• Zitte P., Vailer E. V., Kaderait J. V., Berezinski A., Kerner to.; Based on the textbook E. Strasburger [and others]; Per. with it. Khmelevskaya N.V., Tarasova K.L., Glazunova K.P., Sukhukova A.P. "Botany. Tutorial for universities: in 4 tons. " - M.: Publishing Center "Academy", 2007.
• Vasilyev A. E. et al. "Botany: Anatomy and morphology of plants: a tutorial". - M.: Enlightenment, 1988. - 480 p.
• Takhtajyan A. L. "The World of Plants". - M.: Enlightenment, 1980. - 475 p.
• Fedorov A. A., Bricks M. E., Artyushenko Z. T. "Atlas on the descriptive morphology of higher plants. - M.-L.: Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 1956. - 304 p.

Physiology of plants

• Held G. - V. "Biochemistry of Plants". - M.: Binom. Laboratory of Knowledge, 2014. - 473 p.
• Zitte P., Vailer E. V., Cadereite J. V., Berezinski A., Kurner to.; Based on the textbook E. Strasburger [and others]; Per. with it. Artemieva O.V., Vlasova T.A., Karnukhova I.G., Wheel N.B., Cherednichenko M.Yu .. Ed. Chuba V. in .. "Botany. Tutorial for universities: in 4 t .: T. 2. Plant physiology. " - M.: Publishing Center "Academy", 2008. - 496 p.
• Alekhina N. D., Balokin Yu. V., Gavrilenko V. F., etc. / Ed. Ermakova I. P. "Plant Physiology". - M.: Moscow. "Academia", 2005. - 640 p.
• Medvedev S. S. "Plant Physiology". - M.: Publisher of St. Petersburg University, 2004. - 336 p.
• Eduardo Zeiger, Lincoln Taiz "Plant Physiology. 6th Edition. " - M.: Sinauer Associates, 2010.

Zoology invertebrates

• Sharov I.Kh. "Zoology of invertebrates" - M.: Vlados, 2002. - 593 p.
• Dogel V.A. "Zoology of invertebrates" - M.: Higher School, 1981. - 606 p.

Zoology of vertebrae

• Naumov N.P., Kartashev N.N. Vertebrate zoology. In 2 volumes. " - M.: Higher School, 1979. - 333 p.
• Schmalhausen I.I. "The origin of terrestrial vertebrates." - M.: Science 1964. - 273 p.
• Dzerzhinsky F.Ya., Vasilyev B.D., Malakhov V.V. "Vertem Zoology" - M.: Academy, 2013. - 465 p.
• Dzerzhinsky F.Ya. "Comparative anatomy of vertebrate animals" - M.: Aspect Press, 2005. - 304 p.

human anatomy

• Sapin M.R. "Man anatomy in two volumes." - M.: Medicine; Edition 4th, 1997 - 1100 p.
• F. Kishsh, I. Centagota "Anatomical Human Body Atlas in 3 volumes." - M.: Academy of Sciences of Hungary, 1973. - 312 p.

Histology

• Afanasyev Yu.I., Yurina N.A., Kotovsky E.F. "Histology, cytology and embryology; ed.5. - M.: Medicine, 2002. - 800 p.
• Zavarzin A.A. "Comparative Histology". - S. -Petherb. University, 2000. - 520 p.
• Yurina N.A., Radotina A.I. Workshop on histology, cytology and embryology: studies. Benefit. - M.: Publishing house UDN, 1989. - 253 p.
• Kuznetsov S.L. and Mushkambarov N.N., Goryachkin V. L. "Atlas on histology, cytology and embryology" - M.: Medical information agency, 2002. - 374 p.
• Chentsov Yu.S. "Introduction to cellular biology." - M.: ICC "Academkniga", 2004. - 495 p.
• Alberts B., Bray D., Lewis J., Raff M., Roberts K., Watson J. "Molecular Cell Biology". - M.: Mir, 1986. - 312 p.

Human and animal physiology

• Schmidt R., Tevs G. (Ed.) "Human physiology in 3 volumes." - M.: Mir, 1996. - 323 p.
• Kogan A. B. "Fundamentals of the physiology of higher nervous activity." - M.: Higher School, 1988. - 368 p.
• H.H. Danilova, A.L. Krylov "Physiology of the highest nervous activity." - Rostov N / D: "Phoenix", 2005. - 478 p.
• Danilova H.h. , Krylova A.L. - Bilic G.L., Krzhizhanovsky V.A. "Biology. Full course. Tom. 1. Anatomy. " - M.: Onyx, 2005. - 544 p.
• Kamkin A.G., Kamensky A.A. "Fundamental and clinical physiology." - M.: "Academy", 2004. - 1073 p.
• Schmidt R., Tevs G. "Human physiology. Volume 1-3. - M.: Mir, 1996 - 330 p.
• Dubinin V.A. "Regulatory systems of the human body." - M.: Drop, 2003. - 368 p.

Embryology

• Tokin B. P. "General Embryology". - M.: M.: Higher School, 1987.- 480 p.
• Gilbert S. "Development Biology in 3 volumes." - M.: Mir, 1995.
• Belousov L.V. "Fundamentals of general embryology." - M.: Science, Moscow University Publishing House, 2005. - 368 p.

Microbiology

• Schlegel G. "General Microbiology". - M.: Mir, 1987. - 567 p.
• Gusev M.V., Mineeva L.A. "Microbiology". - M.: MSU, 1992. - 448 p.
• Pozdeev OK "Medical microbiology". - M.: Gootar-Honey, 2002. - 768 p.
• Vorobev A.A., Bykov A.S. "Atlas on medical microbiology, virology and immunology." - M.: Medical Information Agency, 2003. - 236 p.

Molecular biology

• Ed. Lewin B. and more. Translation from English. Filippovich I. V. Ed. Chengzova Yu. S. "Cells". - M.: Binom. Laboratory of Knowledge, 2011. - 951 p.
• Lewin B., Per. from English Cofiadi I.A. [and etc.]. Ed. Ribric. D.V. "Genes". - M.: Binom. Laboratory of Knowledge, 2011. - 896 p.
• Alberts B., Bray D., Lewis J., Raff M., Roberts K., Watson J. "Molecular cell biology. In 3 volumes. " - M.: Mir, 1993. - 539 p.

Biochemistry

• White A., Hendler F. and others. "Basics of biochemistry: in 3 volumes." - M.: Mir, 1981. - 534 p.
• Nelson D., Koks M. "Basics of Lenninger's biochemistry. Tutorial in 3 volumes. " - M.: Laboratory of Knowledge, 2017 - 694 p.
• Kolman Ya., Rem K. "Visual Biochemistry", - M.: Laboratory of Knowledge, 2018. - 509 p.
• Kazimirsky A. N. "Vitamins and Coenminations".

Genetics

• Inge-Evenomov S.G. "Genetics with selection basics." - M.: Higher School, 1989. - 592 p.
• Course of lectures in general and molecular genetics I. F. Zimulev, 2007.

Attention! Do not try to drive all of them completely. It makes sense to focus on key ideas, laws, logic.

In order to understand what sections should pay special attention to, solve the Olympic tasks of past years. And it is better to write down in full-time courses and pass the training in the field schools of the Coalition, where teachers will help you to systematize the preparation and explore all the necessary topics that will meet at the Olympics.