Although basketball is a popular game, there is not always access to a real playground. But this is not necessary if you just want to throw the ball into the basket. Now there is an opportunity to purchase ready-made equipment even for placement in an apartment or office. The size of a basketball hoop, although it has standard values, is only for official competitions. In everyday life, everyone can choose the size of the basket and the ball at will.
Basketball history
Experts believe that this is almost the only game that is known for certain, who invented it and when. It happened in 1891 in Springfield, USA. Dr. D. Naismith, professor training center at the Christian Association of Youth, decided to come up with a mobile team ball game for winter activities in the replacement room american football... According to another version, he wanted to revive gymnastics in this way.
One way or another, they were offered the rules according to which the players of the two teams had to throw the ball into baskets suspended at a height. Each team had its own zone and basket. In the hall, D. Naismith simply hung them on the balconies. The players had to hit the opponent's basket with the ball and protect theirs from their hits. Whoever hit the target more than once in the allotted time won. There were rules for dribbling, and penalties for breaking the rules were stipulated. In those days, the size of a basketball hoop was not strictly regulated. For these purposes, fruit picking baskets were used. And the balls then were far from perfect shape... In order not to get them every time, the bottom of the baskets was taken out.
Game development
The trial competition showed that the rules needed to be changed. Spectators on the balconies, where the baskets hung, prevented the ball from getting inside. So shields appeared. Initially, they served as protection from the fans, but already the first games showed that this was even more interesting. The ball could get into the ring after a successful rebound from the backboard. This added spice to the game and made it possible for teams to change tactics.
The size and height of a basketball hoop have not changed significantly over time. In 1893, wicker fruit baskets were no longer used in tournaments. To replace them, rings made of a metal rod were invented. A net was attached to it so that there was no dispute about a successful hit. With her it was better to see when the ball hit the target. In 1894, uniform rules for playing basketball were proposed. I liked the game and quickly spread to Japan and China, South America and Europe. Basketball first appeared in Russia in 1906. In the twenties of the last century, it began to be introduced as a discipline in military and sports educational institutions.
Professionals and amateurs
For an athlete who has linked his career with the game, it matters what size basketball hoop is used in training. The skills of determining the position for a throw, its strength, trajectory have been practiced over the years. In the United States, where amateur basketball quickly became pro, good players have become highly regarded. The cost of individual contracts reached one dollar per minute of the game. In those days it was very good earnings... They encouraged the players to practice a lot to show good ball possession on the court and high performance in shooting on the basket.
The difference in the level of professional basketball players in the United States and other countries, where the game is not so popular, was felt. For a long time Olympic Committee banned NBA players from participating in their tournaments. And when this restriction was lifted, the US team confidently defeated the best team from Croatia at that time. However, the professionals still embarrassed themselves, because they were so confident in their advantage that they promised to win with a gap of 50 points. The one final match The Olympic Games ended with a score of 117: 85. The victory of the professionals was obvious, but the “amateurs” gave a serious rebuff and managed to lose only 32 points.
Basketball hoop: dimensions, diameter
Back in 1893, when well-thought-out rules of the game were proposed, it was decided to standardize the inventory according to uniform norms. Then the rings began to be made of metal, equipped with a mesh, securely and safely fastened to the shield and supporting structures at a certain height from the site. What are these standards?
Today, the playground should have dimensions of 28 × 15 m. The height of the enclosed space (ceiling) is at least 7 meters. The shield (bottom edge) is fixed at a height of 290 cm from the floor. It has dimensions of 180x105 cm. The basket (metal ring with mesh) is attached to the shield at a height of 305 cm (respectively, 15 cm higher than the lower edge of the shield). The diameter of the ring should be in the range of 45-45.7 cm. For its manufacture, a steel bar 16-20 mm in diameter is used.
The ball for the game differs in circumference and weight and is, respectively: for men - 74.9-78 cm, 567-650 g, and for women - 72.4-73.7 cm, 510-567 g. FIBA \u200b\u200bcontrols and approves the game equipment and inventory. Balls for official competitions are made of leather. The air pressure should ensure that the ball rebounds to a height of 1.2-1.4 m after falling from a height of 1.8 m.
Grid
Any sports Equipment must be safe in terms of injury. The adjusted size of the basketball hoop also provides for the use of a standard mesh size and acceptable configuration with it. It should be fastened in such a way as to minimize the possibility of pinching the fingers during the game.
The standard length of the net is 40-45 cm. 12 loops are offered for attaching to a metal bar of the basket. A white cord of a certain stiffness is used to make the mesh. The configuration of the weave does not allow for the possibility of throwing its edges during ringing or entanglement. The ball cannot get stuck and at the same time must pass with some delay, which makes it possible to capture the moment it enters the basket.
Design features
It is not enough to use only a standard size basketball hoop for training. The height of its placement above the ground is equally important. The dimensions of the shield and the marked boundary lines (5 cm - width) of the marking of the quadrangle (45 cm by 59 cm) behind the basket also matter. The shield material is often polycarbonate or tempered glass. Its surface should be smooth and even.
The shield is rigidly attached to the bearing base, with a plane perpendicular to the floor. The structure must not move during the game with throws and contacts. The lower edge and ends of the shield plane to a height of 35 cm, as well as all supporting structures, are upholstered with soft material that excludes injury. IN sports halls general purpose now increasingly use mobile racks with a basket. They can be quickly installed and removed as needed. In basketball halls, the backboards are attached to the ceiling or walls. They can also be suspended from special guy lines.
The basket can be fixed rigidly or using a shock absorber. In this case, the plane of the ring should not bend more than 30 degrees and immediately return to its original position. Regardless of the method of attachment, the structure must absorb 35-50% of the load from the player's weight upon contact.
DIY basketball hoop: dimensions
Playgrounds for training athletes and competitions are equipped by appropriate organizations in accordance with existing standards. To be able to practice at home, you can purchase a separate board with a basket and hang it in a suitable place or install a ready-made and fully equipped rack. But you can do everything yourself.
If there are plans to continue to engage in this sport, then when making a backboard, it is desirable to withstand the standard size of a basketball hoop. Bending and welding a steel bar with a diameter of 16 mm will be problematic without the right equipment and locksmith skills. But you can adapt the old aluminum hoop for rotation for these purposes. It is cut, bent to the desired diameter and secured with an outer insert.
The shield can be cut from a piece of chipboard, fiberboard of a suitable size or knocked out of boards. It is best to attach the basket to it on the bracket. You can pick it up at a hardware store. It is worth thinking about additional spacers on the sides of the ring, since fastening at one point is not enough and upon contact with the ball the basket will inevitably sag more and more.
You can weave a net using 24 pieces of rope. Their length is chosen 2-2.5 times longer than the diameter of the ring. The edges are knitted to the hoop through equal lengths. Then the ropes are tied in pairs in the middle. In the next step, the process is repeated with free edges. And so again. The result is a tapered mesh. The equipment, of course, will be far from standards and perfection, but for training at home with the ball it should be enough.
Any basketball court must be equipped with two backboards that are installed on racks at its ends. Rings used by teams to earn points are also attached directly to them. Not only the size of the basketball backboard plays an important role, but also the materials from which it is made. As a rule, their role is played by an unbreakable. The degree of hardness of the shield should be the same as that of an analogue made of hardwood three centimeters thick. It is allowed to use it to create shields and other materials, the main thing is that they are painted white and comply with official requirements.
The standard dimensions of a basketball backboard in width and height should be 1.8 and 1.05 m, respectively.In the first case, a deviation from the accepted parameters by 3 cm is allowed, and in the second - by 2 cm. The lower backboard line, according to the official rules, located above the site at a height of 2.9 m.
The design and dimensions of the basketball backboard also imply the marking. In particular, at its edges there is a rectangle 59 cm wide and 45 cm high. In addition, an important requirement is that the base of the shield should be level with the upper plane of the ring. Absolutely all applied lines are made in the form of stripes 5 cm thick. If the shield is transparent, then the stripes are drawn with white paint, in all other cases - with black.
Installation of panels is carried out parallel to the end lines and perpendicular to the site. Due to the fact that the dimensions of the basketball backboard are considerable, separate requirements are also imposed on the structure on which they are installed. In particular, it must be upholstered with soft material (minimum 5 cm thick) and located at least two meters from the end of the playing field. It is important that the racks are clearly visible to the competing basketball players, so they are painted in a color that contrasts with the walls of the gym. Among other things, these structures are securely fixed so as not to bend even under the influence of the players' weight. If there is a displacement of the structure, it should return to its original position in no more than four seconds. Compliance with these requirements increases the safety of the competition.
The official rules of the game apply not only to the size of the basketball backboard, but also to its upholstery. In particular, the sides are covered with soft material 5 cm thick from the bottom corners to a height of at least 35 cm. It should be noted that the so-called indentation ratio for structures and panels is usually 50 percent. This is done in order to protect the basketball players of both teams from possible injury and damage.
In addition to such indicators as the size of a basketball backboard, we also note the parameters of the ring that is attached to it. Its diameter is 45 cm (the maximum allowable value is 45.7 cm). The thickness of the metal used to make the ring is from 16 to 20 mm. At the bottom of it there are hooks that are used to fasten the mesh. They should not have sharp edges or gaps to protect the players' fingers.
It is not a problem to buy mobile basketball backboards and hoops Analogue of Schelde. The structure of any basketball backboard (especially a mobile one) must be particularly strong and durable. 4. Hooks located on the back of the backboard for hanging on the gymnastic wall. Can be completed with a ring, mesh, including fasteners for the ring. For official FIBA \u200b\u200bcompetitions, the size of the playing court must be 28 meters long and 15 meters wide.
Holes should not be used when attaching the basketball backboard. 3.1.2.8 The front side of the basketball backboard facing playing fieldshould be smooth.
Basketball backboard and hoop
The height of the basketball hoop is 3.05 meters (standard). Dimensions of a basketball backboard: width - 1.8 meters, height - 1.05 meters. Modern basketball backboards are made of tempered glass.
Basketball backboard and the ring is a must basketball court... A basketball backboard is a rectangular or square panel on which a ring is fixed. The panel is equipped with a mount for mounting on a pole or hanging on a wall: a rigid installation is required so that the product does not wobble or move. In the models of non-stationary basketball backboards with a net, the same mounting elements are used as in the bracket for hanging boxing bags.
Benefits of a homemade basketball hoop
Making a basketball hoop with your own hands will not be difficult. However, many people wonder which one is better: bought or created on their own? However, this requires materials free time... Anyway, you need to learn how to work with welding in order to connect the ring.
The size of the basketball court (according to European rules) is 28 meters long and 15 meters wide. The basket is a metal ring covered with a net that has no bottom. The ring is attached 0.15m from the lower edge of the backboard and is 3.05m from the floor (10ft).
It is not enough to use only a standard size basketball hoop for training. The basket can be fixed rigidly or using a shock absorber. Regardless of the method of attachment, the structure must absorb 35-50% of the load from the player's weight upon contact.
The lower part of the basketball hoop has a net attachment. Such devices should be designed to prevent injury to fingers. The basketball net is attached to the hoop at twelve points around the perimeter of the hoop. The length of the basketball net is 40-45 cm. The net must have twelve loops for attaching to the hoop.
Ring basketball basket must have the following design: the minimum inner diameter is 45 cm, and the maximum 45.7 cm. The ring is painted in a bright orange color.
The ring is made of strong metal with a diameter of at least 16 mm, the maximum diameter of the bar can be no more than 20 mm. On the bottom of the ring, there should be a mesh setting device that prevents injury to your fingers.
The attachment device for the nets must be safe, free from sharp edges and crevices, so that the players' fingers cannot get into them.
The ring is attached to the shield structure in such a way that no forces applied to the ring are in any way transferred directly to the shield. Therefore, there should be no direct contact between the ring, the device that secures the ring to the shield, and the shield itself. However, the clearance must be such that fingers cannot enter.
The upper plane of the ring is located in the horizontal plane at a height of 3.05 m from the level of the playing court, at an equal distance from the vertical edges of the backboard, and the nearest point of the inner part of the ring must be 15 cm from the front surface of the backboard.
The fastening systems of any ring must compensate 35-50% of the energy that is applied to the ring. According to this parameter, the difference between the rings installed on the same site should not exceed 5%.
Installation of rings with a shock absorber is allowed. At the same time, they must meet the following requirements - the ball rebound characteristic must be similar to the characteristic of the ring without a shock absorber. The shock absorber must fully provide such a characteristic and at the same time protect the ring and shield.
The design of the ring and its attachment system must ensure the safety of the players. For rings with a “locking system”, the shock absorber should not separate the fastening system from the ring under a static load in the range of 82-105 kg, which can be applied to the top edge of the ring at the farthest point from the backboard. The ring must not deflect downward more than 30 degrees from the initial position when the mechanism is triggered due to the loads applied to it. The ring should instantly return to its original position as soon as the impact on it has ceased.
The nets for rings are made in compliance with the following parameters: the net must have 12 loops for fastening. The net must be at least 40 cm long and no more than 45 cm long. Top part the net should be such as to avoid possible throwing onto the hoop, possible entanglement, throwing the ball out of the basket, or getting the ball stuck in the net. For their manufacture, only a rigid white cord is used.
For basketball games, a platform is required, along the short edges of which structures with
baskets. The dimensions of the backboard must meet certain requirements. These elements, above all, are made so strong as to ensure the complete safety of the competing athletes.
The standard size of a basketball hoop in diameter is 45 cm. At the same time, this parameter can be increased to a maximum of 45.7 cm. It always has a bright orange color. For the manufacture of the ring, durable metal is used, the diameter of which is at least 16 mm. It should be noted that the maximum thickness of a basketball hoop is 20 mm. Among other things, it provides special devicesthat are designed to install the mesh. These bindings should not allow the player to injure his fingers, therefore, they are made in such a way that they do not have gaps and sharp edges.
Now a few words about how the basketball hoop is suspended. On the stand, which is located no closer than two meters from the front line, a shield is mounted at a right angle. The structure must be installed in such a way that it was impossible to move it. The basket itself is screwed on firmly with the condition that the loads acting on it do not in any way affect the position of the shield. Rings with shock absorbers are also not prohibited, however, provided that the rebound characteristics m
the bar, as well as other parameters, do not change compared to the standard version. Moreover, provided that a static load is applied at the extreme point of the basket from the shield, which is in the range from 82 to 105 kilograms, the fastening system and the shock absorber should not be disconnected. In this case, the deviation of the ring downward from the applied forces is allowed by no more than 30 degrees. After the end of their action, it should return to its original position instantly.
The height of the basketball hoop is 3.05 meters from the level of the court. Distance from him to front side the shield is 15 cm. The nets that are used to equip baskets have twelve fastening loops. Their length should be in the range from 40 to 45 cm. The upper part of them is made so as not to allow tangling, throwing onto the basket, as well as the ball getting stuck or returning it in the opposite direction.
Not only the size of the basketball hoop, but also the parameters of the backboard play an important role. It should be 1.8 m wide and 1.05 m high. Its lower part is located from the platform at a height of 2.9 m. Tempered glass is most often the material for making the shield. Its hardness should correspond to the degree of hardness of wood, which has a thickness of 3 cm. The edges of the front side are marked with lines 5 cm wide. The structures on which the shields are hung are upholstered with soft materials.
In conclusion, it should be noted that the ring attachment system compensates for almost half of the energy that acts on it. With regard to possible deviations of the parameters listed above, according to the official rules, the difference between two baskets of one playing court should not exceed 5 percent.