Bike name with large wheels. Types and types of bicycles, full list

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There are many types of bicycles and many different people with different bike requirements. Some love to do the tricks on the bike, others like cycling racingAnd the third will prefer good speed control. You will need to follow your own preferences when choosing a bike.

Steps

Learn to ride a bike if you still do not know how. This is the first and most important step. You can do it on any suitable bike to you, but it is best to start on a single-speed bike with a foot brake, as you do not have to take care of the shifting of speeds and the front brake.

Learn about different types of bicycles. Here are some examples with a brief description.

• Standard bike. These are old-fashioned, single-speed bicycles with a foot brake (pressing the pedal back for braking). They are good for riding in the city, if there are no elevations or other obstacles on the way.
• BIK type BMX. Low profile bikes with 20-inch typical tires. Such bicycles are designed for competitions on the track. They have, controlled by cable, manual tick-free brake, both front and rear. These bikes are equipped with one toothed transmission.
• Road bike. This is a common term for traditional bicycles designed for comfortable asphalt towing. There is a wide selection within this category; Often they are divided into two large groups: racing or pleasure. Racing bikes are designed to achieve a better speed, while the emphasis is placed on their lightweight weight. Pleasure bikes are designed to maintain comfort and are designed for carrying capacity. They have heavier elements designed for long-term, metal frames for the saddle, as well as a more direct planting while driving. Highway bikes are usually equipped with a racing wheel with lowered handles, which allows the cyclist to have arms in different positions for greater comfort, as well as to occupy cyclists of an aerodynamically effective position.
• Mountain bikes. Bicycles intended for off-road ride, compact sizes, with stable saddle, wide studded tires and high steering wheel for more direct landing. Typically, such bicycles are equipped with a low speed range. There are many subspecies of these bicycles, such as bicycles for high-speed descent or bicycles for crossing the rough terrain. They can be equipped with an impressive suspension and disk brake system. Mountain bikes are also used everyday due to their versatility. Having tires without protectors, they can be very effective on the roads.
• Bike tandem. On these bikes there is a second saddle and pedals for two people - suitable for joint trips.
• Lying bike. These bicycle pedals are located a little ahead, which allows you to sit on a bicycle in a more natural position. For greater aerodynamicity, these bikes are equipped with visors from the wind. However, they are usually harder and cannot perform high-speed indicators. racing bicycles.

1. Choose a mountain bike if you like to ride on bumps and dirt. Many of these bikes are equipped with at least anterior suspension to improve comfort and steering when driving on uneven surfaces. Mountain bikes can also be good for ordinary city ride, as they have special stability and are well coped with overcoming borders and similar obstacles. Novice may also seem that steering Mountain bike is easier to use.

   Think about how you will use the bike. If you do not plan to leave asphalt space, it will be better to take a highway bike. However, racing highway bikes will be not very comfortable or practical in daily use. Highway bike more comfortable type will not be easy to find in stores. They are usually sold or racing or mountain bikes. Popular compromise is a bicycle-hybrid.

   If you plan to attach a bin bike, a saddle bag or a child's chair, you need to make sure that the bicycle frame will be compatible with these additions. In many stores there are already collected bicycle options with these additions, so you do not have to think if the frame is suitable or not.

   Highway and mountain bikes are usually equipped with a transmission or transfer mechanism that is controlled by lever. It is very useful for cyclists, especially in highland or, if necessary, high speed development. They usually allow you to adjust the work of pedals to drive through the hills, with wind or if you are just tired. However, similar embedded systems increase the cost of the bike as well as its weight. Therefore, many cyclists choose a bike with only one transmission. Any bike can be removed in one-minded, however, this will require a chain tension.

   The bike should approach the physical parameters. Different types of bicycles have different sizes for different types of body. Make sure the saddle is not too high for you, what to sit and cute from the bicycle will be convenient. Bicycles are usually produced, ranging from 12-inch tires for children, and ending with normal 26-28-inch tires for adults, and even a large tire size for some specialized bicycles.

   Swipe the bike test before buying it. If you can't spend a test drive in one store you like a bicycle, go to another or lend a bike from a friend. It is better to buy a bike, which is good for you, than then constantly adjust it and adjust, if it does not fit you.

2. Purchase only a professionally collected bike. This is especially worth paying attention if the bike is equipped with a gear system. Professional assembly gives you a guarantee that all the details, as well as the bike accessories are screwed and held hard.

   • It is better to buy a bike in a specialized store, and not in a bench where they trade all in a row. So you can always consult with experts and make the right choice.
   • Remember O. different types Bicycle, which include including mountain, highway, moped, jumping bike, BMX and bicycle SUV.
     • If you want to ride in dirt and grass, while performing some tricks and jumping, you will need a mountain bike or bike for jumping. These bikes are best suited for jumps and tricks.
     • If you want to drive a bike also in masterfully as a champion Tour de France or plan to go from home to work and back, you will most likely need a highway bike. He has very thin tires, so you can develop high speed. Highway bikes are not used for tricks and jumps.
     • Also if you want high jumps, Get a special bike for jumps, as they are the best in this matter.
     • If you want to go to a skate pad or a bicycle platform and perform several tricks there, you will most likely want to purchase BMX. These bikes are made for tricks, as they are small and lungs.
     • If you want to develop a greater speed and you allow tools, you need a moped. Mopeds inside the motor is built in, and you can develop a speed on it that exceeds the speed of all ordinary bikes.
   • Mountain bikes are often bought to move along ordinary road. Although they are easy to operate and good on the road, when buying a mountain bike, which you want to use just for riding in the city, you need to pay attention to 2 things:
     • Put on the bike mud flaps. The problem with mountain biking is that they are originally designed for off-road driving, in which dirt, leaves and branches can easily cling to mudguards, so the mudguards are not provided at all. However, for your daily travel, mudguards are needed (otherwise you will have the whole back in the dirt, and cyclists behind you too). So if you take a mountain bike not for extreme trips, make sure that you put high-quality mudguards that cover the wheels are completely (and not those installed behind the saddle - select them for off-road driving).
     • Avoid studded tires. Mountain bikes typically have well-fired tires with a deep tread. This type of tire is well suited for moving on dirt, but on the road (even wet) such tires will be extremely ineffective. More energy is required for the twist of pedals with tires. You can even hear the buzz that they publish! So, if you do not expect to go in difficult conditions, do not buy a bike with studded tires. Smooth naked tires are perfectly suitable for asphalt, but especially for racing. They can slide if they are wet on the road, and they are quite expensive. However, there are a number of studded tires intended for common purposes, but which will also be able to exceed the mountain bike.
     • The row of mountain bike can cause discomfort when you spend for a long time In one position. There are several ways to fix it. The first is the steering tip. This is an extra horns of the steering wheel, for which you can stay. They can also help you move your body ahead for riding a strong wind. Another way, it is the handles themselves. One company has become a bike handle on an anatomical hand shape. This will help you feel more comfortable while driving.

Andrei Grigoriev

Below is a fairly detailed classification of bicycles on their types and purpose, which will be useful to all those who want to choose a bike in line with their needs. IN last years There are many new bicycle subtypes, so the classification gradually changes. This version of the article is relevant for 2019. Let's start with the most characteristic species.

Mountain bike (he is MTB, ATB, Mountain Bike, All-Terrain Bike)

This is the most common and popular type of bicycles at the moment in Russia. Mountainbike is designed to ride on the roads of low quality (or outside roads), in the area with a strong crossed terrain. The concept of "mountain bike" is very wide and combines somewhat significantly different in the appointment and design of subtypes.

By appointment, mountain bikes are divided into bikes for such disciplines such as Downhil, Freeride or Enduro, Beckkant Torrice, Freestyle, Dörth and Street, as well as mountain bikes, without a pronounced direction.

Most of the inexpensive and medium-sized MTB price is "ordinary" non-specialized mountain bikes, designed for a moderately aggressive ride on roads of various quality. This is exactly what is suitable for most just riding people.

Most often, these are aluminum hardtows - bicycles with a shock absorption fork, but without a rear shock absorber, a strongly complicating design. The frame geometry causes the average at height of the landing, which corresponds to the moderate intensity of the movement and will not excessively load the hands. Depreciation forks are used inexpensive. Most mountain bikes are equipped with disk brakes. It is usually possible to easily install additional equipment: wings, trunk, footboard and so on. Examples can serve as MTB as Author Solution, Pegas. or Traction.. There are models with low "female" raam, such as AUTHOR QUANTA. or half-life female like Author Solution ASL. . The cheapest mountain bikes, for example, HORST TEMPO. or Author Outset.can be considered solely as pleasure.

As the cost increases, mountain bikes acquire one or another specialization.

Closest to the mountain bikes of general purpose are bicycles for Crossagentree ( crosscountry, XC Racing). This type of bicycle helps the athlete to move as much as possible along the highway with a moderately crossed terrain, both from the mountain and mountain. It is usually hardtowns with carbon, and, more and less rare, aluminum frames with an elongated front triangle, providing a lower landing for an active ride. XC-baking are equipped with a blocked by a shock absorption fork with a course of about 100 mm and a high-level transmission: Shimano SLX and higher. Disc brakes have become standard. An example of such bicycles can serve as bicycles. Scott. from the series Scale or Authorstarting with the model Instinct. and higher.

Field-way bicycles in CrossStreery are not used so often due to larger weight And the loss of energy to the star of the rear suspension during pedaling, they are more relevant in XC-marathons. Example of two-power for Crossagentree - Scott Spark.. Since 1996, cross-law competitions have been included in the program. Olympic Games and the world championship in the mountain bike.

Some manufacturers can meet such a subtype of the Mountain Bayak, like Beckkaland ( backcountry.), Olmountin ( aLL MOUNTAIN.) or Trail ( trail) - These are a few reinforced bikes, compared with cross-trident and conventional MTB. May be hardtowers or two-ways. This also includes bicycles for off-road marathons, for example, Scott Genius. - relatively light two suspension bikes with suspension of about 120 mm, AUTHOR A-RAY .

Bikes for Freeride ( freeride, Fr.) or enduro ( enduro.) are an even more enhanced option. Completed with forks and rear suspension with a move of about 150-170 mm. Element of these bicycles - riding outside roads at high speed. In general, freeride bikes are similar to downhill, but adapted to drive not only down the mountain.

Bicycles for high-speed descent from the mountains ( dOWNHILL, DH) - these are two-track bikes with very durable frames, long-loaded forks and rear shock absorbers with a move of 200-240 mm. The main task of such bikes is to withstand loads from driving at high speeds for complex tracks exclusively under the mountain. Bicycle weight reaches 20 kilograms. Only one star with the calm chain, and behind the cassette with a narrow set of gear ratios. Move on the DH bike at a level place or in the mountain relatively hard. Complex design Frames and high demands for reliability determine a very high cost. Example - Scott Gambler.. Currently, Downhill is included in the World Break Championship program.

Fat bikes ( fatbike, Fat-Bike) - bicycles with width tires of order 4 ", allowing you to move on a loose soil at the expense of low pressure: sand or snow. In FataBakes, I regularly see people on the beaches, in parks and even on a ski for skate stroke. But the fatebike is quite acceptable. Rama and a rigid plug of such bicycles naturally wider than normal. An example can serve Fuji Wendigo. .

Freastylene lovers, Street and all kinds of bicycle tricks use special mountain bikes - stock. A powerful frame of very small risks, a durable rear wheel and a light front, usually on a tight fork. The steering wheel is wide, the saddle is installed extremely low. In front of only one star and rookring for its protection. Rear can often see the highway cassette or just only one transmission. Bicycles are used both in competitions to overcome all sorts of obstacles, and with unhurried urban ride with constant jumps on all counterplods, stands, parapets and stairs - Street.

There are still such ski styles like Dört-jumping ( dirt Jumping.) and North Shore ( north Shore.), bicycles for which are partly reminiscent of trial and free-root, although usually specialized, for example with 24-inch wheels for deer jumping. Example - Scott Voltage YZ. .

Until 2009, almost all mountain bikes were completed with wheels with a diameter of 26 inches. But in 2019, 26-inch bikes remained only in the budget segment. They were supplanted by mountain bikes on 27.5-inch wheels and, Twentineners ( 29ER) - Mountain bikes with 29 inches wheels, for example Author Instinct 29..

If we consider the general traits of a mountain bike, then the following can be attributed to them. A robust frame of relatively small size with a large road lumen. Availability, with rare exception, depreciation of the front or both wheels. Durable wheels with wide and "toothy" rubber. Brakes are almost always disk.

Currently, mountain bikes are equipped with 11-30 speeds, which provide a change in the transfer ratio in very wide limits. The transmission design allows you to securely switch transmissions under strong contamination and high loads.

The usual mountain bike is the most universal type of bicycles, although it is best suited for moving along the ground roads and forest paths with a strongly crossed terrain. Other MTB subtypes are focused on specific disciplines.

Highway Bike (Road Bike, Road Racing Bike)

The highway bike is designed to quickly ride on a good highway. It is rather a sports projectile.

A business card - a bent downward steering wheel, called the people "Barani horns". Frame highway bike Pretty high and short. Materials from which it is made may, depending on the class of bicycle, be different: aluminum alloys or carbon. Complements the frame rigid, usually carbonovaya, fork. As a result, the weight of the bicycle is about 7-10 kg.

Wheels with very narrow (18-28 mm) and smooth high pressure tires. Two or three leading stars and 9-11 slave stars selected with a small step from transfer to transmission. A characteristic feature of modern highway bicycles - tapes integrated into brake handles. Until recently, brakes only tick-type, but now sometimes disk.

In addition to traditional "highway" there are specialized models for triathlon and cutting bikes, but it is already solely for sports.

On a smooth asphalt on a highway bike, you can keep the speed noticeably higher than on a hybrid or mountain bike with the same energy consumption. True, on the grain asphalt, the advantage will be significantly less, and on a bad road the cyclist will simply be forced to reduce the speed.

But the highway bike has obvious cons. Low landing is inconvenient for a slow ride and strongly limits the visibility, which is bad for traffic in the city. The narrow tires and the low strength of the whole design almost completely exclude the opportunity to ride outside asphalt or by the pave asphalt. Most highway bicycles are quite difficult to install additional equipment.

City Bike (Citybike, Road Bike)

As reflected in the title, urban bikes are designed for unhurried and convenient movement around the city. This is absolutely unfortunate bicycles.

Characteristic features of the city bike: closed (men's) or open (female) frame, usually large wheels 28 "" with medium width and small tread tires. Almost always installed non-removable shields on wheels, chain protection and trunk. Sometimes - footboard, rear-view mirrors, basket, electrical equipment and so on.

Very high landing on urban bike and wide spring-loaded saddle cause comfort while unhurried ride.

The urban class includes so-called cruises ( cruiser.) and choppers are bicycles with a characteristic stretched frame installed under a very sharp angle for a fork and a wide wheel. Landing vertical or even tilt back. A kind of stylization for old bikes and under the appropriate motorcycles.

Heavy single-speed city bikes (which were called in our country road, and abroad coaster Brake.) Almost came out of use. But light minimalistic single-speed fixes (fix, fixed-Gear.) or single Aid (single Speed. ) The opposite is becoming increasingly popular. Usually they are made in the format of a track bike or a similar bike with a straight wheel. For example, Fuji Declaration, photo on the left. The main difference is the weight of 9-11 kg against 15-18.

In addition, there are also pseudo-mountain bikes, focused on riding in the city, which have rigid forks and relatively narrow cunning tires. Example can serve bicycles Cannondale Bad Boy. or Scott Sub. past years on 26-inch wheels.

The main advantage of Citibikov is almost a complete lack of necessity in their frequent maintenance, since all the most wenged knots - brakes and gear mechanisms are well protected from dirt or simplicity. The planetary sleeve allows you to switch the transfer standing in place, which is convenient for urban driving with its frequent stops. But the classic sit-bikes are quite heavy - about 15-18 kg - and are not intended for high loads. At the same time, sports young people chasing the fixes.

Hybrid (Hybrid, Cross Bike, Trekking Bike)

Mountain, highway and urban bikes are so much different that it took some intermediate options that would allow combining benefits different types bicycles.

One of them - hybrid bike. Traditionally under hybridom It is understood as a lightweight mountain bike is better adapted for driving along the highway.

Design features are easier and high, compared to the mountain bike, frame. Most hybrid bicycles are equipped with amortized forks with a move of only 50-60 mm, disc brakes appear increasingly. You can easily install almost any accessories on a hybrid bike.

Another characteristic difference in the hybrid from MTB is its wheels (28 "", 622 mm). They are equipped with tires 32-42 mm wide with a moderately developed protector. Such wheels are better rolled on the highway, but will not let go on the forest road. Many nodes, such as speed switches and brake systems, taken from a mountain bike, although part of the equipment can be specialized.

Trunk, shields, "horns" on the steering wheel and other accessories can be absent, usually it is hybrids with a sports bias, and enter the factory bike configuration. Some companies, such as Scott. and Marin., also produced a series of highway hybrids, fully equipped with highway transmissions, rigid forks and narrow tires - for example, Scott Roadster. or Agang Sincity.. In fact, it is almost high-speed bikes, but with a straight wheel.

The main advantage of a hybrid bicycle is its versatility: with some decline in the properties inherent in a mountain bike, a hybrid has a slightly better running quality on the highway. Probably, this is the best choice for those who love to ride everywhere except off-road and very bad roads. For example, the company Author The very wide range of hybrids is now presented, including models with disk brakes and carbon frames.

Touring (Touring, Tourist Bike)

If the hybrid is a step to a more versatile bike from the mountain, then touring He is a step towards a universal bike from the highway. This bike is intended for long cycling in a rapid pace, but with the possibility of riding both on a good highway and, if necessary, on the roads of average quality.

The overall touring layout is close to the road bike, but a frame of high-quality chromolibid steel is usually longer, which increases the smoothness of the stroke and extinguishes the vibration, and is designed to install additional equipment.

Touring is different from the highway bike more durable wheels and rubber sewing. Another difference is an enlarged range: usually a cassette and rear switch They take a mountain bike, and the rest of the drive equipment from the highway or hybrid.

The possibility of installing shields and trunk makes such a bike suitable for cycling with cargo. Bike is better adapted to fast movement Along the highway, compared with the hybrid, but less depends on the quality of the road, compared with the highway bicycle.

But from major producers of them only 1-2 models are collected only Fuji, Trek, Kona and Cannondale.

Cyclocross Bike (CX) and Gravel Bike (Gravel Bike)

If you need an off-road highway, then such bicycles can be an alternative to touring for more active movement. cyclocross bike and gravel Bike. The principal difference consists only that the cyclocross bike, for example, Scott Speedster Cx., it is obliged to comply with the requirements of UCI and is a pure sports bike for cyclerus, and Gravel Bike, for example, Author Ronin. or AUTHOR AURA XR. , free from restrictions and essentially closer to tourist bikes. Ronin, for example, is characterized by a soft chromolibdden frame, disk brakes and a relatively wide rubber 40-622 mm. You can put the rear and front trunk, and you can ride in a quick pace without cargo. Accordingly, both types of bicycles are significantly superior to classic highway bikes.

Folding Bike (Folding Bike)

Folding bicycle It is convenient to store in small rooms and transported by car or by public transport. Suitable for leisurely walks on relatively small distances.

Folding bikes are multi-speed. Wheels, as a rule, 20 "or 24", but there are 16 ", and 26". An example can serve AUTHOR SIMPLEX Or almost all bikes Dahon.. Very exotic type designs Strida. Little superior to the size of a folded baby stroller, but are significantly inferior to others in the running qualities.

The disadvantages of the overwhelming majority of folding bikes are bad rolling and efficiency due to the small size of the wheels and high landing.

Bike for trial and freestyle (BMX, mod)

Bike to perform a variety of tricks and races on special sites with artificial obstacles. It is characterized by wheels 20 "with 48 knitting, pegs (special stops at the ends of the wheels of the wheels), the so-called garoral mechanism, which allows you to repeatedly rotate the steering wheel in one direction without twisting the brake cables, protect the carriage.

Track Bicycle (Track Bicycle)

A special variety of racing bicycles, intended exclusively for the race on the track, does not have a mechanism for switching speeds or brakes. The wheel is rigidly connected with a chain with pedals, so free travel not. Front and rear wheels often have different diameter. Steering wheel - "Baranji Horn". This is the easiest type of bicycle.

Children's Bike (Kids Bike)

Electric bicycle

Recently, due to the appearance of light and energy-intensive batteries, the rapid development was obtained electric bicycles: Bicycles equipped with a front or rear wheel motor up to 250 watts. The main purpose of the electric motor is to help when driving on pedals, though, many use electric bikes as mopeds. There are in a wide variety of formats: urban, folding and even mountainous. For example, Author Electra.. All that looks like a bike, but has a power of more than 250 W or does not have a built-in limitation of 25 km / h formally refers to the category of mopeds.

Other types of bicycle

In addition to those listed above, there are other types of bicycles. For example, tandem (bicycles on two people) are not so rare abroad, but in our country is quite rare. Tandems can also be divided into mountain, highway, etc. according to the components and purpose used.

There are bicycles not with the traditional vertical landing, but with a lying on the seat type seat. This type of bicycle is called liGerad or rickbent. (recumbent Bike.). In fact, this is something average between the bike and cymobile. The only thing that allows him to attribute it to bicycles, and not cymobiles, this is the presence of only two wheels and the need to keep the equilibrium.

There are also exist freight bikes with body, three-wheeled and four-wheeled bikes, velaiksha, etc.

Summary

So what kind of bike need you? Before buying a bike, think about where and how you will use it: ride a job or to the country, ride in the evening in the park, drive from steep mountains, jump on the borders. Intantize ... maybe your requests are so versatile that you need two or three bikes, because there is absolutely universal. The main thing is to decide where and how you are going to ride.

Principal criteria for the selection of a bicycle, which should be taken into account, the following: road - off-road (with all intermediate gradations), sports - utilitarian (the same), men's - female (whether low frame is required), full-size - folding (storage, transportation). And, by itself, to acquire a bike should be tailored to your growth (or age for a child).

• Choosing a children's bike depending on the age and growth of the child