Moscow Department of Education Moscow
State budgetary educational institution of secondary vocational education
Communication College No. 54.
abstract
In physical culture
On the topic: "Basketball"
Lecturer: Ilyasov K.Z.
Student: Vinogradov M.S
Group 2TOR9-3.
Moscow 2014.
Introduction
BASKETBALL(from English. "Basket" - a basket and "Ball" - the ball), a team sports game, the purpose of which is to throw the ball in the ring (basket) of the opponent attached to the shield. The hit can bring a team from one to three points. The match will win the team who scores the greater points.
Currently basketball is one of the most popular sports. The number of officially registered players around the world exceeds 200 million people. The international federation of basketball (FIBA) in 2002 included 173 countries.
Regular classes Basketball improve the coordination of movements, the respiratory and blood circulation organs train, develop muscles, strengthen the nervous system. In many countries of the world, basketball classes are included in the physics program of secondary school students and higher educational institutions.
Rules of the game.
The game passes on a rectangular platform with a length of 28 and a width of 15 m (earlier its dimensions were, respectively, 26ґ14 m) with a special ball.
The mass of the ball is 567-650 grams, a circle of 749-780 mm (in the games of men's teams; in games female teams The balls of smaller sizes are used, and even less - in matchmakers on mini-basketball). Basketball balls are two types: intended for the game only indoors (indoor) and universal, i.e. suitable for use and indoors, and on the street (indoor / outdoor). Basket (metal ring with a diameter of 45 cm with a grid stretched on it without the bottom) is attached at an altitude of 3.05 m on the shield installed on the rack parallel to the front lines of the site.
Team and spare players.
Each team includes 5 main and 5-7 (at large tournaments) permanent spare players who can enter the game only after stopping the game and the whistle of the judge.
If the team owning the ball has the right to replace at each game stop, the team that does not own the ball has the right to replace only in the event of a ball rebound and a timeout or when the team owning the ball makes replacement.
Play time.
In all classes, basketball matches last 2 half for 20 minutes of pure time.
The break between the temperatures is 10 minutes. If after the time of the match teams scored the same number glasses, then given extra time (5 min) to identify the winner.
Time-out.
Each team has the right to 2 timeout in each half and 1 timeout for extra time. Trainers usually use time out to give players tactical instructions and make a replacement.
Beginning of the game.
The game begins with the fact that in the center of the courts, the judge throws the ball up between 2 players, each of whom tries to beat off the ball with his team. The remaining team players are outside the central circle or in the front zone.
Rules of movement.
According to this rule, the player who received the ball has the right to make only 2 steps (more precisely, 2 contacts with the floor). Floor touch at the time of reception of the ball (also catching the ball in place) is counted for the 1st contact. Jump from a place with a ball in hand is a violation of the rules of movement. Especially often this rule is violated during jogging, at the beginning and at the end of dribbling.
Dribbling.
At a certain point, the athlete can apply dribbling only 1 time. As soon as the athlete touch the ball with two hands or take it one or another hand - dribbling ends. If the athlete reappears the goal again, this is considered a violation of the rules (Dubl-dribbling). The ball is transmitted to the opponent's team, which introduces it to the game due to the side line.
Stopping ball.
The stopping ball is called such a game situation at which with the ball in contact with 1 or 2 player of each team and the ball is derived from the game. In this case, the game continues with controversial throwing.
Ball outside the game.
If the ball or the player with the ball relates to the restrictive lines of the site or gender, the subject or person outside the site, then the judge gives the "out of the game" command.
In the event that it is difficult to determine the position outside the game, that is, if both side judges adhere to various opinions or if the judges could not determine whether the position was caused from the teams outside the game, the game continues controversial.
Throwing.
After stopping the game in the case of "outside the game" or technical errors (violation of the ruler of the movement, double-dribbling, violation of the rule is 3 seconds, etc.) The ball is entered into the game by throwing due to the side line. In the case of a successful throw to the basket there is a throw-in due to the front line.
Estimates.
Throw the ball in the basket is counted if the ball falls through the ring and the grid from top to bottom. For each successful throw made during the game, the team receives 2 points, for each successful penalty throw - 1 point.
Fola rule.
One of the most important rules Basketball is a foul rule (translated from English - "Error"). Personal in technical fouls differ.
Personal fouls include any intentional touch of the opponent (delay, shock, blows, locks and legs, etc.). In such cases, the ball is transmitted to the enemy for throwing. After the 11th foul for the half-period of the foul during the unsuccessful throw of the opponent is punishable with 2 free throws.
In addition, all personal comments are entered into a personal athlete card. If at the same time 2 team players receive a remark, the opponent gets the right to 2 free throws. In most cases, the penalty throw performs that player with respect to which the rules were violated.
The players receive a mutual note in the case of a simultaneous violation of the rules in relation to each other. In this case, there is a controversial throwing. Each player who received 5 personal or technical comments must leave the platform. In the case of rough and deliberate violations of the rules, the athlete may be disqualified. But in that and in another case, the team has the right to replace.
Since 1976, fouls of attackers when throwing on a basket are particularly strictly strictly strictly strictly. If, because of the foul, the ball does not fall into the basket, the striker receives the right to 2 free throws. If, when performing the 1st or 2nd penalty throw, the ball does not fall into the basket, the striker receives the right for another 1 free throw (only 3).
If, despite the foul, the player throws the ball to the basket, then this throw is counted and the player gets an additional one penalty throw.
The technical foul is prescribed in the case of unsporting player's behavior and is punished with 2 free throws, which perform any player of the opponent's team.
Time Rules.
Some of the rules of time are extremely important. After 30 seconds, after throwing the attack should be completed by a throw in the rival basket (rule 30 seconds). The rule of 3 seconds says that the striker cannot be in the field of the opponent's penalty over 3 seconds. For throwing and for the implementation of a free throw, the player is given to 5 seconds. When violating the rules of time, the ball is given to the opponent for throwing.
The 10 second rule implies that the attacking team is required after throwing on its half of the site, no longer than 10 seconds to bring the ball to half the opponent, and then the attacking team cannot return the ball to its half.
Some varieties of basketball.
Mini basketball. Mini-basketball rules were developed in the early 1950s by American Jebe Archer. The game is designed for children 6-12 years old and is divided into two levels: Actually mini-basketball (age group 9-12 years old) and micro-basketball (for children under 9 years old). Playground and inventory adapted under childhood. The length of the site is 28 m, width - 15 (Options: 2614, 2413, 2212 and 2011 meters). Baskets are attached at an altitude of 2 m 60 cm, the shield itself is also less than in a classic basketball: 1,20.9 m. Ball weighing 450-500 grams, a circle - 680-730 mm (for children under 9 years old, the ball weight is 300-330 grams, and a circle - 550-580 mm). The markup of the playing area for mini-basketball corresponds to the markup of the standard basketball court, but there is no line that limits the 3-point zone, and the line of the penalty throw is carried out at a distance of 3.6 m (option: 4 m) from the shield.
The teams of five players in each player play mini-basketball, although "reduced" compositions are allowed - up to 22. There are often matches between mixed teams (which includes boys and girls). The game goes four half for 6 minutes. Some are different from the classic basketball and the rule of the game. In mini-basketball, for example, no clean time and does not work "Rule three seconds".
There is a special commission on mini-basketball in FIBA, and International Committee. For mini basketball. Currently, representatives of 170 states are included in it, mini-basketball is cultivated in North and South America, Australia, Asia and Europe - in total in 195 countries of the world. In 1965, the first world-basketball championship took place.
In 1973, a mini-basketball committee was created at the USSR Basketball Federation. A year later, the first mini-basketball festival was held in Leningrad. Currently, the All-Russian Club "Minibasket" holds a number of national (Russian Cup, etc.) and international competitions.
Basketball on wheelchairs . Appeared in 1946 in the United States. Former basketball players, during the Second World War, who received serious injuries and injuries in the battlefields, did not want to part with their favorite game and invented "their" basketball.
Now it is played in it in more than 80 countries. The number of officially registered players - 25 thousand people. International Federation Basketball on wheelchairs (IWBF) conducts various sports events: World Cup - every 4 years; Annual tournaments of club teams, zonal competitions (once or twice a year), etc. Basketball pr. Wheelchairs are included in the Paralympic Games program from the moment of the first such Olympiad in Rome in 1960.
The rules of basketball on wheelchairs have their own prohibitions and restrictions. For example, "Jogging" is prohibited - when the player in the process of keeping the ball turns the wheel with a hand more than two times.
Streetball (from the English. "Street" - Street). A more dynamic and aggressive sport than classic basketball. The game participates two teams on three players in each (sometimes with one spare) on a special platform for groundball or on the usual basketball, cycling only one half of it - and, accordingly, only one ring. In the case of a misses, the team attacked before this ring protects it from the opponent's attack, etc. Which team will start the game, determine the lot. The game goes until one of the commands drop 16 points (but the gap in the account should be at least 2 points). Sometimes they play up to break in 8 points or for a while (20 minutes) - in this case the rule is valid 30 seconds: if during this time the team failed to complete the attack, the ball goes to the opponent. For the resulting throw of the team, the point is charged, for a throw from the 3-point zone - two points. Abandoned in the basket The ball is counted only if two players of the attacking team touched it. The ball after that moves to the defendant team: the game resumes, as soon as one of her players touched the ball. At the same time, the ball should be first removed beyond the 3-point line. Jogging, double keeping and throwing to the basket from above are prohibited.
In various cities of Russia, streetball tournaments are now held, often dedicated to large urban holidays.
Korfbol (from the Gall. Korf - Basket). This game was invented in 1902 the school teacher from Amsterdam Niko Bracheysen. Two teams of 8 people in each (4 men and 4 women) play on the site 4020 m, divided by in half the middle line, two half for 30 minutes. Four players (2 men and 2 women) are on their half platform and protect their basket, four - on half of the rival team, their task is to hit the "alien" ring. After two resulting throws, the defenders go to the attack zone and on the contrary. Korfball is less contact, compared to basketball, game. At the same time, according to the rules, a man can only play against a man, and a woman is against a woman. Dribarling in Korfball is not allowed, but a player who mastered the ball can make no more than two steps with him. The ring on the diameter is already basketball (40 cm), and it is attached above (3.5 m). (There is a more "large-scale" version of the game: with large sizes, the number of players, etc.)
Korfball is extremely common in Holland (more than 100 thousand people are constantly played, more than 500 clubs participating in national tournaments and neighboring countries are registered. Over time, Korfball received recognition all over the world, including in Russia, and is currently included in the global game program. Since 1933, the International Federation of Corfbola (ICF) has been operating, currently recognized by IOC and other international sports associations.
Basketball is obliged to the American College of the Youth Christian Association, which is in Massachusetts. It was there for the first time in 1981, a game was invented by one of the teachers, partly a misunderstanding modern basketball. At that time, the type of sports in physical education lessons was minimal, and the disciples simply missed all the time all the time to exercise sports. Therefore, in order to change the attitude of your wards to physical education slightly, the teacher James Neismith decided to introduce a new game on his lessons. He just tied from two sides sports Hall Two empty baskets from peaches, divided 18 students for two teams of 9 people and installed the very first rules - it was necessary to throw the rival to the rival basket as many goals as possible. It should be noted that the first rules did not provide for the touch of the floor's ball, he was simply moved from hand to hand between players who stood on the site. Yes, and the baskets themselves were not perfect - after each cast, it was necessary to take a staircase and climb the ball and re-enter it into the game. But even this little inconvenience did not stop the interest, both on the part of students and other teachers for innovation, and very soon basketball has become a very popular game among American youth.
It is important to note that over the entire period from the day of the foundation, this type of sport has gradually developed, improved, became the cult among millions of fans. Actively promotion on the world arena Basketball began in the 30s - 40s of the last century. And since then has become very popular sports competition. But he still enjoys the greatest popularity in his homeland, in the United States, as well as in Canada, where basketball also became a very popular sports contest.
But why is basketball enjoys so popular? Everything is very simple. To start playing, you just need to fix on the wall special basketball Shield With basket. At the same time, the height of its location in no way interferes with the occupations of other sports. Thus, the Basketball Hall can serve simultaneously and the hall for occupying other sports, such as gymnastics, volleyball, many athletics exercises and even mini football. Playing basketball can both boys and girls. The game does not require special physical trainingBut in the future very successfully ensures the physical and psychological development of an athlete, strengthens the team spirit, develops the rate of reaction, endurance, patience, character.
It is noteworthy, but you can engage in basketball both in closed gyms and outdoor sites. The PI of this does not need a large number of free space, and for training and at all can be enough one shield with a ring. This is the optimal sport for the conditions of urban urbanization, where it is very problematic to find a large free platform for training.
Physical use of basketball
In the world, today, there is quite a lot game species Sports. These are such as football, hockey, volleyball, water polo, tennis, badminton and others. All of them simply makes no sense to list. But very many people prefer basketball. Why, that there are many reasons. Let's look at them in more detail.
First of all, basketball attracts those who have an increase, at least above average. And the fact that people just want to strengthen their health by leading healthy image Life is not at all the main reason.
At first glance, it may seem that this sport is simple. It would seem: two teams transmit each other ball and should hit the rival basket as often as possible. Nothing like this! Enough only the fact that an athlete during the game runs about 8 kilometers during the game, while you need to tactically distribute your strength for powerful jumps and lightning gears. Also, it is necessary to take into account the rather high pace and the dynamics of the game.
What is useful brings basketball organism?
- First of all, a person who with the ball is not only very strong and hardy. It has very good coordination of movements, and thanks to a variety of jumps, the vestibular device is well debugged. No less positively affects basketball on the development of the respiratory system. Running in a rapid pace in a complex with jumps, very well strengthens the synergide muscles, which are responsible for the mobility of the lungs.
- It is impossible not to mention the nervous system. It is very well strengthened, thank the constant maintenance of the activity of many organs. Peripheral vision develops very well, which improves the perception of external factors. This is especially useful for children.
- The cardiovascular system also does not remain aside. It has long been noted that basketball classes, excellently stabilize blood pressure. In the class of basketball, another, very weighty plus. Everyone knows that high people, namely, as a rule, are engaged in basketball, are very prone to narrowness, which ultimately contributes to the development of various diseases of the spine. And the best prevention from this kind of habit is precisely, basketball.
All the charms of this game can be listed for a very long time. I strongly advise them to do it and always be healthy and in good shape.
Basketball is one of the most common games with the ball all over the world, Including in Russia. The history of this sport is not one century, but officially began in 1891. It was then in the city of Springfield Massachusetts (USA) a simple teacher physical education high School By behalf of James Neismith introduced his wards with a new game Basketball (translated from English - basket + ball) and at the same time opened it with all mankind. He also compiled and published 13 rules for this game.
Entertainment Aztec
Historians argue that even the beginning of our era, the ancient Aztecs was amused by throwing the ball in the rings, which remotely resembles basketball. The progenitors of Mexicans loved to play the ball. They had a mixture of modern football and basketball. Two teams were built before the line, for which it was impossible to intercede on the site up to one and a half hundred meters long. Behind the backs of the players were standing tribunes, and stone rings were fixed in front of each other. The goal of the game was to please the rubber ball into the ring enemy.
So the game of Aztec looked like.
The occurrence of basketball is such as we know
Mentioned at the beginning of the message, the teacher James Neussmith once tried to find a suitable sporting occupation for his students in the cold period, when physical education lessons were transferred to the hall. As a result, he came up with a game in which participants could win not only at the expense of physical data, but also thanks to game skills and intelligence. So basketball appeared. Many neclic rules have so far.
The class was divided into two equal in the number of team members. Each of them was required to throw basketball In the basket hung on the wall of the fruit of his opponent. At first, a soccer ball was used for the game, And only after some time, a special basketball was invented. By the way, the baskets appeared in basketball by chance. The first time the neismith used for the game box, but one day the school guard failed to find them, and therefore instead suggested using the baskets.
Now basketball is included in school Program Physical education lessons.
A year later, the first official basketball game was played. Two teams took part in it - 9 people in the same one. It's funny that after any successful throw had to climb the stairs to extract the ball from the basket, because then they did not even guessed the lower part of it, so as not to climb him every time again. The maintenance of the ball also did not exist, the players moved him to each other while one of them decided to throw a sports projectile inside the containers.
Development of sport
Gradually The game began to gain popularity and got further development. She was carried away throughout America, and then learned about her in Canada and a little later in Europe:
- In 1932, the International Basketball Association was formed - Fib.
- In 1936, this sport was included in the Summer Olympics program.
- In 1946, a professional league of US basketball players and Canada - NBA, which played the strongest athletes at that time. This situation is preserved to this day.
In many countries, national championships were organized, Everywhere began to open sport sections For teenage learning to basketball skills and rules.
The boys have a responsible match.
The current rules of basketball were formulated gradually and often rewrote. Now the teams consist of 12 people, but five goes on the site. The ball is maintained so that he regularly hit the floor and returned to his hand. For hitting the basket, the team is endowed with different points:
- penalty throw for violation brings 1 point;
- 2 points are charged for getting from close range;
- for a successful throw with 6 or more meters there are 3 points:
Accurate throw, and the ball flies to the basket!
The game consists of four quarters - 10 minutes each - and two-minute handers Between them. Between the second and third quarters, a large break is organized - 15 minutes. The main disorders are considered:
- out - when the ball flew out beyond the field;
- foul - push, rival delay with hands;
- jogging - when the player made extra allowable steps.
Slide 2.
Basketball. The history of the emergence. What is needed to play basketball. Technical techniques: 1. Main rack; 2. dribbling; 3. Throwing on the ring; 4. Transmission; 5. Protection; 6. Catching the ball. Major violations of the rules. Express test. Used resources.
Slide 3.
Basketball is considered the USA, namely Springfield. At the end of the 19th century, in 1891, James Neismith (1861-1932) accidentally came up with a new game. In one of the ordinary January days, he attached at the height of the Z.05 M (by the way, the standard installation height is standard now for basketball) two baskets in which it was necessary to throw a soccer ball. Then there were two players teams - 9 people each. Keeping the ball, as in the modern version of the game, did not exist, the players stood on the spot and, throwing the ball to each other, sought to get into the basket. Funny, but after each successful throw, someone from the players climbed up and took the ball from the basket. History of the game
Slide 4.
The playground, the size of 28m long, 15 m wide, has a markup: facial (limit the width of the site), central, lines - side (limit the length of the site), free. Three-second zones are located under rings. In the center of the site - the central circle. Rings are located at an altitude of 3m 05 cm. Ball weighs from 567 to 650g For the game, special shoes are used - sneakers, tightly fixing stops ( ankle joint), to prevent injury. What is needed for playing basketball
Slide 5.
Main rack. Maintaining a ball (dribbling). Throw on the ring. Transfer ball. Protection. Catching a ball. Technique
Slide 6.
Taking a rack, a basketball player puts the feet in parallel on the width of the shoulders, on the same line or exposing any leg ahead. The legs are bent, the torso is slightly tilted. The severity of the body is evenly distributed on both legs, the hands are bent in a comfortable position for catching and holding the ball. Errors that should be avoided: - Do not narrow the area of \u200b\u200bsupport; - Do not move the center of gravity for one leg; - Do not stand on straight legs; - Do not tilt overly torso ahead. The rack when playing in protection differs from the rack when the game is attacked by the position of the hands, which varies depending on the game situations. Basketball player stand
Slide 7.
Maintaining the ball is the main way of individual movement of the player with the ball. It is used when partners are closed, you need to distract the defenders on yourself, change the position. There are two types of reference - high and low. Keeping performed by a peasant movement on the ball, blending it into locks Susta. The player meets the ball bounced off the ball widespread with his fingers and lowered down forearm. Bending your hand, it somewhat accompanies the ball up, and then again vigorously pushes into the floor at a certain angle. With low legs, the legs bend stronger, the maintenance is carried out by the frequent movement of the brush with a rebound no above the knee. The main thing when conducting the ability to continuously monitor the change of game situations. Dribbling
Slide 8.
The result of the game depends on the accuracy of the throw in the basket. There are throws: 1. Throw one hand from the shoulder is the most common way. They are performed free throws. 2. Throw two hands from the chest. Used to attack the basket from a place, close and medium distances. 3. Throw one hand from above in the jump - the main means of attack in modern basketball. 1 throws on ring 3
Slide 9.
Catching the ball - the key to the successful mastering of the basketball game. Catch the ball during the game falls in the most different conditions and in a complex setting. In this regard, the player should be able to catch the ball not only standing on the spot, in a relaxed atmosphere, but also in the fight against the enemy, and during fast running, in a jump or when the ball is rebounded from the shield. Fishing
Slide 10.
Transfer of the ball
The transfer of the ball is the main technique with which the interaction between partners is carried out. Sudtya and secrecy, speed and accuracy with any opposition of defenders - the main requirements for transmissions. There are transfer balls: two hands and one hand. two hands from the chest are used to interact partners on short and mediated distances; The top hand from above is used with the active resistance of the defender that does not prevail in the growth. Transfer by one hand from the shoulder is the most appropriate way to transfer the ball. Hidden gears are characterized by a shorter grip and unexpectedly for an opponent with the direction of the ball of the ball, which makes it difficult to intercept.
Slide 11.
Personal protection - a player's guard defender personally. Zone protection - all players are located in the protection zone and each player controls its part of the site. All team players must be able to effectively defend themselves. The protection technique is divided into two groups - displacement techniques. Mastering the ball: intercepting; breaking; knocking; Cover. Protection
Slide 12.
Zone When the ball when playing a team in the attack crossed the central line, the translation of the ball back is a violation of the rules of the game. "Violation of the 3-second zone" in the attack inside the trapezium players of the attacker team cannot be located more than three seconds. Jogging a player holding a ball in his hands, made more than two steps. Double player keeping the ball in the hands after maintaining, has the right to make a transmission or throw in the ring. Repeated management is a violation of the rules. Violation of rules
Slide 13.
1 / Date of the appearance of a game of basketball? a) 1885 b) 1887 in) 1889 g) 1891 2 / country of the Basketball game? a) Argentina b) Brazil B) America d) Russia. 3 / Who was the founder of a basketball game? a) P. coreman b) D. Nizhismith c) A. Nielsen d) V. Vasilyev 4 / catching the ball in basketball is one of technical techniques games. Which of these techniques is the main? a) catching the ball with two hands b) one hand c) legs d) head 5 / During the game, basketball players use various ways to transfer the ball with two hands. Name which methods is the main? a) two hands from the bottom b) with two hands from above c) with two hands on the side of d) with two hands from the chest 6 / the size of the basketball court? a) 20 x 10 m b) 22 x 15 m c) 20 x 40 m g) 28 x 15 m 7 / Throwing on a basket in basketball is most often performed by one hand. What throw with one hand is the main one? a) Bottom b) from above B) from the head d) from the shoulder 8 / while playing the basketball player moves around the site in various ways. The main way of movement is: a) Clear b) jump c) with a passing step d) with a godpiece express test
Slide 14.
Sport games. Tutorial for Physic. In-s Ed. Tailors Yu. M. M., "Physical Education and Sport", 1975. Physical education in vocational schools. Toolkit. M., "Higher School ", 1976. Resources used
Slide 15.
Training finished, Long live training!
See all slides
The name "Basketball" is borrowed from the English word, which is correctly written - Basketball.. It is a combination of words basket - "Basket" and Ball - "Ball"literally "Ball in the basket".
Currently, basketball is a contact command game, in which players try to throw the ball to the basket.
Games that resemble modern basketball were found among the ancient peoples of Scandinavia and the Indians of Mexico. The predecessor of this game can be considered children's entertainment "Duck on a cliff", widespread In the XIX century.
Reference. The founder of basketball is James Neismith (Canada). Then it was required by the rules, throwing the pebbles to get into the top of a large stone.
Rules of the game Neismith formed when he worked as a teacher physical culture In one of the colleges of Massachusetts. He wanted to create a game for winter season when as a result weather conditions It is impossible to compete on baseball, football. The task was put in the development of a moving sport for the premises.
With its instructions in 1891. In the gym of the educational institution, baskets for basketball matches were assigned. The prototype served as the usual capacity for the storage of fruits and vegetables. They were fixed At an altitude of 3.05 m from the floorWhat is an international standard and to date.
Initially, students enjoyed ordinary soccer ballsAnd only a few later basketball appeared. The team consisted of 9 people, by number of companies in the group.
The first official match took place In 1892 in Springfield College. Game for a short time It became very popular.
Basketball fever literally covered the North-East of America. The rules developed by the neusmeite included in total 13 pointsWhen becoming the basis for international basketball. Today, these provisions are barely fit. on 200 pages.
Everything about the features of modern sports
It belongs to them the need for excellent coordination of movements.In order to effectively play the game process, the athlete has elasticity, jumping, mobility. Interaction in the team should be coordinated. A well-developed eyemeter is required, at an intuitive level understanding of intentions and strategies of other team members requiring instant decision-making. All this is relevant for an effective team game, promotion in a quarry.
Definition of goals, tasks and principles of the game
The main purpose of this sport is Maximum throwing the ball in the basket, while strictly guided by certain rules. Depending on the distance of the hit, various glasses are accrued.
The provisions of the international basketball were officially established in 1932.. Rules have changed literally Until 2004. Play 2 teams for twelve participants (five on the fieldThe rest are a replacement).
It is allowed to play with the ball exclusively by hand. There is a violation of provisions running with the ball in hands without emphasis on the floor.
The team wins, which can score more than all glasses. With an identical account after the expiration of the game time, overtime is conducted ( 5 minutes are provided). Maybe several overtime are appointed for the final definition of the winner.
How to play basketball
This game, like basketball, has a certain set of rules.
Characteristics of players
According to the rules of basketball there are 3 positions, referred to as an amplua, including a defender, striker (forward) and center. If you proceed from a specific situation, the striker is divided into an easy and powerful, and the defender can be playing and attacing. A certain requirements are presented to the player of each position.
Attention! Playing defender should better own the situation on the field, Have excellent speed and jump. Evaluate weak sides His opponents, skillfully using them in the interests of their team.
You will also be interested:
Dribbling
Following the rule, the player should know that make blows the ball on the surface should not be without a clear goal.
Such movements in basketball are used to win over rivals. And it is used with a dense holding against opponents or approach to the ring.
If it is possible to transfer the ball, then this practice does not apply. The beginning of the introduction is considered to be thrown the ball into the shield and touch. The end of the process is to touch the ball at once with both hands. It also includes the ball delay for some period in one or more hands.
The duration of the match
Technically Basketball Match NBA continues 48 minutes. When taking into account the timaouts and fouls, the breaks of the duration fluctuate within 1.5-2 hours. The game is divided by Four quarters. Each may continue for 12 minutes. When draw in the fourth quarter, it can be appointed even additional five minutes. In a situation at which the account is equal, given 5 more minutes. This trend lasts until the score becomes unequal.
Glasses
Players win, who were able to score more points on the basis of rivalry. If the command score is the same, assign more 5 minutes. All this continues before it becomes clear who won.
One hit in the basket leads to the same assignment of points. One point awarded for getting from the penalty line, and 2 - For a cast with a close distance. Threeassign for the execution of a throw at a distance 6.25 m.
The value of the rule of seconds and two steps
The essence of these rules is as follows: the athlete is given 5 sec. For the introduction of the ball and the implementation of the free impact. The counting goes as soon as the basketball player began to keep the ball. From this time it is recognized as alive. This rule allows you to optimize the gameplay. For the execution of the free throw, the player is not available 5 second. When performing these norms, it is possible to eliminate the irrational spending time, which makes it possible to activate the game.
Description of the basketball field
You can play basketball on a special platform. In accordance with the rules of the game basketball The playground should have a durable surface of the rectangular shape., without any interference. Since the game is movable, then falls are possible, which, unfortunately, lead to serious injury.
Reference. Much attention is paid to the quality of the coating. Many sites are used rubber coating (crumb). Such a surface does not slide that safe for sports training.
For officially conducted Fib competitions, the field size should be 28 m. Length and 15 m. Width.
Measurement is conducted from the inside edge of limiting lines. For competitions of a different level allowed a decrease in size 26x14 meters.
Ceiling height equals seven meters. The surface of the matches requires good illumination. Sources of light are arranged in such a way as not to create interference for vision playing.
Placement site
She has 207 robust meters of total length. It is allowed to elevate the markup above the surface of the coating to height not exceeding 2 mm. Marking is performed using special rubberized paint.
Important! According to new provisions, changes are made on the markup concerning Threecond zone, Changed the distance of the push line, includes additional lines for throwing.
Information about basketball inventory, its pictures
A special inventory is required for basketball.
Which ball should be
Produced in the form of the sphere. A traditional drawing is applied on the ball consisting of 8 piecesthat are divided not exceeding 0.6 cm. The shell consists of leather, rubber, synthetic materials.
Photo 1. Ball for playing basketball from the manufacturer Nike. Orange color with black stripes.
Requires the installed rate of inflation, at which from the height of the fall to the site, the ball must bounce at a height of 1.20 m.Circle is 74 mm, and weight is allowed within 567-650 grams.
Shield and Ring
White shields are made of transparent material. Dimensions 180x105 cm. Permitted error 2-3 centimeters. Facial surface smooth. White lined markup is applied to the shield. Over the ring indicate a rectangle 59x45 cm.
Basket (it is called a ring with a grid) attached at height 3.05 m from the floor. It is made of durable steel, painted in orange. The grids use a white cord. When developing a design, it was taken into account that the ball is delayed when entering the basket for a moment. Twelve hinges mesh attached to the ring. Its upper part is made strong to prevent confusion and reverse discharge of the ball.
Photo 2. Shield and ring for playing basketball. The whole design is installed at an altitude of 3.05 meters from the floor.
Use of classes
Classes this sport require extraordinary endurance. The game process contains a large amount of diverse techniques that require technical skills. The athlete uses many muscle groups needed to make some or other maneuvers (quickly run, high jump and other).
Reference. Basketball occupation helps to maintain body muscles in tone. It is estimated that during the match the player commits up to 40%stress movements.
With basketball classes 40% increases sensitivity to the perception of light pulses. Training contributes to the development of the heart and respiratory organs.
Danger of classes
This kind sports games included in the top 10 of the most traumatic. In terms of injuries, the place is inferior to solely boxing or Taekwondo. The most common are finger injuries.
They deliver basketball players a significant amount of discomfort, which reduces their activity on the field.
Athlete has often to face with knee injuries. Such a state of affairs is due to unexpected changes in the direction and tempo with close contact with rivals. When playing, the shoulders suffer, What is explained by the appearance of opponents.
In addition, an ankle, knee and back injuries are common. To minimize them, it is necessary to pay increased attention to these parts of the body during the warm-up. As well as correctly select equipment(Clothing, shoes, knee pads). They must be high quality. Following the recommendations of specialists will allow the basketball player to always stay in excellent physical form.
Basketball is an easy athletics or not
Basketball - high-speed sport. Classes are carried out at the site of small sizes. The athlete must have many qualities. Among them are the speed of reaction, dexterity and jumping. AT easy athletics Basketball is considered the component of training activities.
Photo games
Photo 3. Basketball Competitions. A single team player is trying to throw the ball in the basket of rivals.
Photo 4. Playing basketball. A player of one team leads the ball, the opponent is trying to take it at this time.
Photo 5. Playing basketball between women. A basketball player took the ball in hand to convey it to another player.
Useful video
Check out the video in which the basic rules of the game of basketball are told.
Conclusion
Basketball was able to gain popularity in all corners of the world. The spread of this type of game is explained by many factors, among them The presence of diverse movements (walking and running). Sports activities Have a beneficial effect on the whole organism. Some exercises are considered fairly useful, so they are present in most courses of therapeutic and recreational physical culture.
In particular, improved metabolic processes and functioning of all organism systems.The gameplay can be held both in the hall and on the site, located on the street. Such a game does not require expensive equipment and forms.